Chapter 7: Digital Images and Video Key
1. Digital cameras do not come in disposable form.
2. Each pixel contains a single unit of color information.
3. Pixels in a pixelized image are all the same size.
4. A pixelized image appears continuous when viewed from a sufficient distance.
5. Pixels in all pixelized images are arranged in a single column.
6. Binary code can only represent colored, but not black and white pixels.
7. Every pixel in a color picture has an associated binary number that characterizes its color.
8. In computers, graphics adapters convert the binary numbers corresponding to each pixel color into analog
color information and forward them to the monitor for display.
9. Vector graphics generally take up more storage space than bitmap images.
10. Vector graphics can be scaled easily without degradation in quality and resolution.
11. Vector graphics are especially useful in representing images that consist of geometric shapes, such as block
diagrams.
12. Vector graphics are effective for representing photographs due to the ease of expressing the content of a
photograph with a mathematical expression.
13. A digital camera does not typically include any memory.
14. A digital camera includes a processor.
15. A digital camera includes a lens system.
16. The CCD array is comprised of rows and columns of minute sensors that detect light and produce electricity
proportional to the intensity of the light impinging on them.
17. Each CCD sensor detects the intensity level of the three primary colors—yellow, red, and blue.
18. In the additive color model, the sensors actually measure light intensity and do not distinguish color.
19. Each section of the spinning disk filter allows all color components to completely pass through.
20. The process of digitizing any type of analog information involves taking samples, quantizing (or rounding
off) the values of each sample, and assigning a binary code to each rounded-off value.
21. The CCD sensor array performs the sampling process whereby the camera captures only a finite number of
samples of the actual image.
22. If the color gamut of a digital camera has only eight colors, ranging from white to black, any image it
captures will only contain eight colors.
23. A digital camera’s color gamut is inversely proportional to the number of bits assigned per pixel.
24. The number of bits allocated to each pixel is called the bit depth.
25. Our eyes can only detect 50 unique colors.
26. The spinning disk filter approach illustrates theoretically how a digital camera can capture a color image,
but in practice, most commercial cameras use a different type of filter, called a color filter array.
27. The more pixels there are per unit length, the higher the spatial resolution of the image.
28. A 4-megapixel image contains a higher spatial resolution than a 6-megapixel image of the same size.
29. Spatial resolution is important because it directly affects the viewing quality of a pixelized image.
30. Brightness resolution is another term for spatial resolution.
31. A frame rate of 24 frames per second creates the illusion of smooth continuous motion.
32. Compression is not essential for digital video.
33. JPEG is an example of a digital video compression format.
34. PNG (portable network graphics) is a lossless compressed image file format.
35. HDTV refers to a digital broadcasting approach providing much higher resolution than prevailing
broadcasting formats.
36. HDTV refers exclusively to the television itself, not to the high resolution specification for formatting and
37. Displays with a small pixel pitch generally produce higher-resolution images.
38. In a traditional camera, light from the object is focused by the lens, the quick shutter action exposes the film
to light, and the image is permanently captured on ____________________.
39. Digital cameras have become so ubiquitous that they are integrated into handheld devices such as
____________________.
40. The word pixel stands for ____________________.
41. A pixelized image is similar to a(n) ____________________, created by piecing together small and
generally irregular portions of ceramic or glass in various colors.
42. Pixels in black and white images take on a specific shade of ____________________.
43. In addition to color information for each pixel, the digital image file may contain other types of information,
such as the number of ____________________ in the image, in the form of a row-column multiplication (e.g.,
44. Images represented in the form of mathematical expressions called vectors are called
____________________.
45. CCD array stands for ____________________ array.
46. The CCD array is comprised of rows and columns of minute sensors that detect light and produce
____________________ proportional to the intensity of the light impinging on them.
47. The additive ____________________ model forms the foundation of digital color image capture.
48. Color information may be obtained by using a circular rotating filter called a ____________________ filter
positioned on the CCD array.
49. The red section of the spinning disk filter only passes ____________________ light and blocks the blue and
green components within the light that is applied to the filter.
50. The process of digitizing any type of analog information involves taking samples, quantizing (or rounding
off) the values of each sample, and assigning a ____________________ code to each rounded-off value.
51. A bit depth of 24 is usually referred to as ____________________ color.
52. Commercial cameras usually have a bit depth of 24, meaning that 224, or roughly ____________________
million, colors can be captured by the camera.
53. If each color is represented by 24 bits, each color component fired, green, and blue) is represented by
____________________ bits.
54. Two characteristics determine the quality of digital images: spatial resolution and ____________________
resolution.
55. In a video, the rate at which frames are displayed on the screen is called the ____________________.
56. One advantage of digital over analog video is ____________________.
57. JPEG is short for ___________________________________.
58. GIF is short for Graphics ____________________ Format.
59. CRT stands for ____________________.
60. LCD stands for _________________________.
61. LED stands for _________________________.
62. CRT computer monitors, like traditional television sets, contain a cathode ray tube that emits three electron
beams whose strength and direction of travel is controlled electromagentically by a beam deflection mechanism
to follow a raster____________________ format.
63. The ratio of width to height in display technology is called the ____________________.
64. Another indicator of display quality relates to the space between pixels. This is called dot pitch or
____________________.
65. The traditional camera, invented more than a century ago, captures images with which of the following
components?
66. A digital image is an electronic file made up of which of the following when stored on a medium, such as on
a computer’s hard disk or flash drive?
67. When a digital image file is accessed and shown on a display screen or monitor, it is called a pixelized
image because it is composed of many elementary units called which of the following?
68. A black and white digital image is also called which of the following?
69. Each pixel in a digital image can contain how many different colors?
70. The type of image representation in which each binary code corresponds to a pixel, which can be mapped
onto a specific part of the image, is called ____.
71. In addition to the bitmap image format, images can also be represented in the form of mathematical
expressions called ____.
72. Although the capabilities of digital cameras vary from model to model, most of them typically have which
of the following common components?
73. When a digital camera is aimed toward the scenery, it uses its lens system to focus the image (usually
automatically) onto a small sensor array called a ____.
74. In the RGB additive color model, yellow light can be created by combining red and ____.
75. In the RGB additive color model, magenta light may be created by combining red and ____.
76. In the additive color model, what produces an electrical signal level based on the intensity of each color in
the light focused on the sensor site?
77. The spinning disk filter is made of what color sections to filter light?
78. The electrical levels produced by sensors are quantized to the closest available value, and each quantized
value is assigned a binary code by the camera’s ____.
79. The number of quantization levels used by the quantizer in the ADC is related to the camera’s ____.
80. The length of the binary code that the camera generates for each pixel is called the ____.
81. If 3 bits are assigned per pixel, then the gamut has how many colors?
82. Commercial digital cameras usually have a bit depth of ____
83. If each color component fired, green, and blue) is represented by 8 bits, how many intensity levels are there
for each color component?
84. Spatial resolution is an indicator of the number of ____ per unit length (such as inches or centimeters) in an
image.
85. Human eyes can typically process ____ images per second before losing the ability to distinguish the
86. The motion picture industry uses a standard of ____ frames per second to create perfect continuous motion.
87. Which of the following is not a digital image file format?
88. Which of the following is a video file format?
89. Light emitting diodes are most similar to which of the following?
90. Which of the following design features determine the quality of a display device?
91. Describe why capturing images in digital format offers significant advantages over traditional imaging
techniques.
92. Describe a “pixelized image.”
93. What are the characteristics that determine the quality of digital images?
94. What is our “visual persistence?”
95. What is plasma display technology? What are the major advantages of plasma display technology?
96. What is the color gamut in a digital camera?
97. Explain why the bit depth of a digital camera is dependent upon the ability of our eyes to detect different
colors.
98. Why would a bit depth of 1000 for a digital color imaging device be a waste of resources?
99. What is brightness resolution?
100. What is “streaming video” or “streaming media”?