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66. Mark has recently been appointed to mediate an interpersonal conflict at work. He came highly
recommended for the role because he has an exceptional talent in listening to and understanding many
different points of view. Which dimension of authentic leadership is Mark particularly skilled?
a. self-awareness
b. balanced perception
c. value-based behavior
d. relational transparency
67. ABC Corporation has instituted a mentorship program whereby Rita has been assigned to mentor
Sally. During a recent conversation Sally explains that she has struggled building relationships with
her coworkers because she has difficulty opening up to others. Which aspect of authentic leadership
best describes this situation?
a. empowerment
b. balanced perception
c. value-based behavior
d. relational transparency
68. Nigel is enrolled in a three-week intensive seminar entitled, Leadership and Personal Development.
The workshop challenged him to reflect deeply on his personal values. Upon completing the seminar
he told a co-worker ‘I now know who I am.’ Nigel’s comment best represents which dimension of
authentic leadership?
a. self-awareness
b. balanced perception
c. value-based behavior
d. relational transparency
69. Steve has recently made several racial and other insensitive remarks to several coworkers. Brenda, a
coworker and personal friend, confronts Steve about the comments despite fear of potential
retribution of their friendship. Brenda is motivated by which dimension of authentic leadership?
a. self-awareness
b. balanced perception
c. value-based behavior
d. relational transparency
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True/False Questions
70. The concept of charisma was first proposed by Max Weber.
a. true
b. false
71. Charismatic leadership theories are closely related to contingency models of leadership.
a. true
b. false
72. The research on charismatic leadership has revived the interest in leadership.
a. true
b. false
73. Although charismatic leadership theories have revived the interest in leadership, they do not have
much to add to the contingency views of leadership.
a. true
b. false
74. Charismatic and transformational leadership highlight the importance of middle level managers.
a. true
b. false
75. Charismatic leaders have a strong emotional effect on their followers.
a. true
b. false
76. Charisma in Greek means, special leader.
a. true
b. false
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77. The leader’s personality and traits are the only necessary elements of charismatic leadership.
a. true
b. false
78. Steve Case, founder of America Online, shows the high self-confidence typical of charismatic
leaders.
a. true
b. false
79. Gandhi’s and Nelson Mandela’s imprisonment are example of how charismatic leaders role model the
behaviors they expect of their followers.
a. true
b. false
80. Charismatic leaders often manage the impression they make by manipulating symbols.
a. true
b. false
81. Publicly admitting self-doubt is one factor that endears charismatic leaders with their followers.
a. true
b. false
82. Followers are as essential as the leaders in creating charismatic leadership.
a. true
b. false
83. Because followers of charismatic leaders are loyal to their leader, they do not have high performance
expectations.
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a. true
b. false
84. Charismatic leaders are given credits that they use to deviate from the group norm and move the
group to a new direction.
a. true
b. false
85. Charismatic leadership is more likely to happen in times of crisis.
a. true
b. false
86. Charismatic leaders often achieve their status without being formally designated.
a. true
b. false
87. Charismatic leadership is more likely to emerge when an organization is stable and in need of change.
a. true
b. false
88. Charismatic leaders emerge in situations where rewards can be clearly tied to performance.
a. true
b. false
89. Cultures within the Judeo-Christian tradition with beliefs in a savior make the emergence of
charismatic leadership more likely.
a. true
b. false
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90. Because of its culture, China has seen the rise of many charismatic leaders.
a. true
b. false
91. GLOBE researchers have found that although charismatic leadership exists in most cultures, the term
has different meanings in different cultures.
a. true
b. false
92. GLOBE studies indicate that enthusiasm is a universal aspect of leadership.
a. true
b. false
93. Some cultures tolerate and even value ruthlessness in leaders.
a. true
b. false
94. Integrity and trustworthiness are universally valued traits in leaders.
a. true
b. false
95. According to GLOBE research findings, a leader’s ability to clearly, directly, and assertively
communicate his or her vision is valued in most cultures.
a. true
b. false
96. Unethical charismatic leaders focus on their personal goals rather than on organizational goals.
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a. true
b. false
97. Personalized charismatic leaders work for the personal welfare of their followers.
a. true
b. false
98. Charismatic leadership has become a central concept in much of recent leadership theory.
a. true
b. false
99. Charismatic leadership is essential for organizational effectiveness and success.
a. true
b. false
100. Researchers have found ways to train leaders to become charismatic.
a. true
b. false
101. Charismatic leadership is one of the elements of transactional leadership.
a. true
b. false
102. Transactional leadership theories explain how leaders and followers agree to reach goals.
a. true
b. false
103. The use of contingent rewards is a part of most leadership theories.
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a. true
b. false
104. All leaders should be trained to use contingent rewards and apply it to managing their followers.
a. true
b. false
105. Management by exception is an effective method of managing professional employees.
a. true
b. false
106. In both laissez faire and management by exception, the leader only interacts with followers to
correct or punish.
a. true
b. false
107. Transformational leadership concepts were proposed to address the need to revitalize
organizations.
a. true
b. false
108. Intellectual stimulation allows the leader to encourage followers to pursue new ideas.
a. true
b. false
109. Individual consideration is what motivates followers to carry through major changes in
organizations.
a. true
b. false
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110. Charisma and inspiration encourage followers to come up with new ideas.
a. true
b. false
111. Intellectual stimulation, charisma, and individual consideration are all necessary components of
transformational leadership.
a. true
b. false
112. Transactional leadership behaviors allow for external adaptability while transformational
leadership behaviors maintain internal health.
a. true
b. false
113. Transformational leadership concepts are extensively researched and tested.
a. true
b. false
114. Some research suggests that individualistic cultures may be more receptive to transformational
leadership than collectivistic cultures.
a. true
b. false
115. Transformational leadership tends to be inaccurately proposed as a cure-all to organizational
problems.
a. true
b. false
116. Transformational leaders typically set high expectations and create a supportive environment.
a. true
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b. false
117. Leaders who want to implement transformational leadership concepts in their organizations must
provide a vision and establish personal relationships with followers.
a. true
b. false
118. Sir Richard Branson, CEO of the Virgin group has been successful by using many of the
negative aspects of transformational leadership .
a. true
b. false
119. Servant leadership includes many leadership concepts that are parts of leadership in other
cultures.
a. true
b. false
120. Research findings imply there is no connection between values-based leadership practices and
leadership effectiveness.
a. true
b. false
121. Howard Schullz, cofounder and CEO of Starbucks, is a poor example of an authentic leader.
a. true
b. false
122. Authentic leadership has gained in popularity in part due to the positive psychology movement.
a. true
b. false
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LO4
123. Authentic leaders have clearly defined values, but find it difficult to demonstrate behaviors
consistent with those values.
a. true
b. false
124. Authentic leadership is a well-defined leadership theory with substantial research support.
a. true
b. false
125. Charisma is an essential component of authentic leadership.
a. true
b. false
126. Value-based leadership, spiritual leadership, and authentic leadership are generally considered
more cognitive-based than emotional-based aspects of leadership.
a. true
b. false
127. From a practical view, value-based and authentic leadership have little relevance or appeal to
leaders
a. true
b. false
Short Answer/ Essay Questions
128. Since Max Weber introduced the concept of charisma in the early 1920s, why is charisma
included in the group of new leadership concepts, such as Neocharismatic Leadership?
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129. The neocharismatic and inspirational approaches provide several advantages over other views of
leadership, one of which is a focus on leaders at top levels. Explain your opinion of why the focus is
only on top level leaders and not middle level leaders also.
130. Elaborate on the three elements necessary for the development of charismatic leadership and give
a real world example of each.
131. Explain what is meant by the statement that charismatic leaders use active impression
management with their followers to support their image. Provide and elaborate on one example.
132. Why is charismatic leadership considered a double-edged sword that requires careful monitoring
to avert abuse? Provide examples.
133. Explain the chapter concepts that contributed to transactional leadership successfully motivating
remaining employees to decontaminate and tear down the infamous Rocky Flats nuclear site in
Colorado.
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134. Discuss what is meant by servant leadership.
135. Positive organizational behavior emphasizes individual strengths to include “psychological
capital.” What is meant by that concept?