Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
54–79
93. What sensory modalities are used by the message receivers in honeybee waggle dance
communication? (Check all that apply.)
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about the waggle dance in bees? What other information is
related to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection on Process:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
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94. If a behavior has evolved by natural selection, it must have ______________.
Ranking Questions
Tinbergen observed that after gull nestlings hatch, the parents remove the eggshells from the
nest. To understand why (ultimate causation), he painted chicken eggs to resemble gull eggs,
which had camouflage coloration to allow them to be inconspicuous against the natural
background. He distributed them throughout the area in which the gulls were nesting, placing
broken eggshells with their prominent white interiors next to some of the eggs. As a control,
he left other camouflaged eggs alone without eggshells. He then noted which eggs
were found more easily by crows. Because the crows could use the white interior of a broken
eggshell as a cue, they ate more of the camouflaged eggs that were near eggshells. Tinbergen
concluded that eggshell removal behavior is adaptive: it reduces predation and
thus increases the offspring’s chances of survival.
95. Rank these experiments from worst to best to study why gulls remove broken eggshells
from their nests.
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about the gull behavior of removing broken eggshells from
their nests and what is involved in planning an experiment? What other information is
related to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection on Process:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
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Check All That Apply Questions
96. What legitimate factors might lead a scientist to do an imperfect version of an
experiment, such as using chicken eggs as a stand-in for gull eggs? (Check all that apply.)
_____ because the scientist doesn’t care about proper procedure
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about experimental design? What other information is related
to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
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Multiple Choice Questions
97. Male hummingbirds flash a patch of iridescent feathers on their neck called the
gorget. This behavior makes them very visible. Why advertise their presence to a predator?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
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Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about the tradeoff of being visible to potential mates and
predators? What other information is related to the question?
Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
98. In the phalarope, or wadepiper bird, the male is unusual in playing the larger parenting
role — he performs all the egg incubation and chick care. What unusual behavior might you
predict for the female of the species?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about traditional roles of mate selection and parental
investments? What other information is related to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct
answer?
Reflection:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
54–87
99. A study finds a positive correlation between the number of spots on the tail of male
peacocks and their mating success. What would be the best followup experiment?
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about sexual selection and planning an experiment? What
other information is related to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
100. A certain species has offspring that require a very large amount of parental care. Predict
their mating system.
101. Platys and swordtails are related tropical freshwater fish. In studies, researchers have
shown that female platys prefer males with swordtails, even though males of their own
species do not have them. This was discovered by attaching artificial swordtails to platys
males.What does this suggest about the origin of the swordtail feature?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about the evolutionary origins of a characteristic involved in
sexual selection? What other information is related to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection on Process:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
54–90
102. In regards to altruism, what way are humans like vampire bats?
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about altruism? What other information is related to the
question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection on Process:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
True / False Questions
103. True or False: Haplodiploidy is necessary for eusociality.
Check All That Apply Questions
104. What three features define eusociality? (Check three.)
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
105. What would be included under the umbrella of “inclusive fitness”? (Check all that
apply.)
Multiple Choice Questions
106. Which of the following genes would most likely play a role in promoting kin selection?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about the genetic basis of kin selection? What other
information is related to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection on Process:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
Check All That Apply Questions
107. Which are examples of advantages that different species might have due to living in a
group? (Check all that apply.)
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about the advantages of group living? What other information
is related to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection on Process:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
54–95
108. Which features of naked mole rats are similar to eusocial insects? (Check all that
apply)
Clarify question:
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content:
What do you already know about group living in different animal groups? What other
information is related to the question?
Choose Answer:
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflection:
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 54 – Behavioral Biology
109. Due to reproductive isolation, a new species of weaver bird is evolving. Is it likely to
use a social or solitary nesting strategy?