Chapter 53 – Animal Development
65. What would result if a defect in gastrulation caused too little mesoderm inside the
embryo?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–42
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
What do you already know about the fate of the mesoderm? What other information is
related to the question?
internal organs such as the kidneys and gonads.
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
• Apply level:
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
66. What would result if too many cells left the surface of the embryo to move inside during
gastruation?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–44
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
What do you already know about the fate of the surface cells? What other information is
related to the question?
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
67. To your chagrin, you and your labmate have discovered that you both labeled your petri
dishes “A”, “B”, and “C”. How can you distinguish your sea urchin gastrula embryos from
her frog gastrula embryos?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–46
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
What do you already know about eggs? What other information is related to the question?
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
more desirable result?
68. What problem would result from disrupted development of the allantois in both birds and
mammals?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–48
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
What do you already know about the allantois? What other information is related to the
question?
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
69. In 1998, researchers found that genes similar to the Drosophila gene tinman are necessary
for heart development in vertebrates. What can you conclude about the ancient bilaterian
ancestor of insects and vertebrates over 500 million years ago?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–50
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
What do you already know about the tinman gene? What other information is related to
the question?
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–51
Check All That Apply Questions
70. You are studying a mutant gene in the fruit fly Drosophila, and you suspect it may be
important for eye development. What evidence would support such a claim? (Check all that
apply)
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–52
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
• Evaluate level:
Gather Content
What do you already know about the development of structures in an individual? What
other information is related to the question?
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
Multiple Choice Questions
71. The snakes include some rather short and some incredibly long species, with a variation
from about 100 to over 300 vertebrae. What developmental mechanism is the best candidate
for changing the number of vertebrae in evolution?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–54
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
What do you already know about the development of vertebrae? What other information is
related to the question?
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
72. 400 micrograms a day of folic acid are recommended for all women of child-bearing age.
Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects in the first weeks of pregnancy, before most
women even realize they are pregnant (and almost half of pregnancies in the U.S. are
unintended). Knowing that folic acid promotes proper neural tube closure, which disease can
be prevented by this supplement?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–56
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
What do you already know about the neural tube? What other information is related to the
question?
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
73. What is critical to the development of neural crest cell derivatives?
74. In the famous Spemann-Mangold experiment, what detail was crucial to understanding the
result?
75. What basic developmental challenge is solved by the organizer?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
76. In blind cave fish, eyes do not form. However, transplantation of the lens from a closely-
related aboveground fish into the optic cup of the cave fish induces eye development. What
does this suggest about the loss of vision in the cave fish?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
53–59
Clarify Question
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
What do you already know about eye formation? What other information is related to the
question?
Choose Answer
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 53 – Animal Development
77. What prevents menstruation from occurring in the 10th week when the corpus luteum
regresses?
78. What human organ is formed from two genetically-different tissues?
79. In a normal mammalian birth, how does the body guarantee that birth proceeds to
completion?