Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th Edition
Chapter 51: The Eye: III. Central Neurophysiology of Vision
Test Bank
1. Which of the following statements best describes the function of the lateral geniculate
nucleus (LGN)?
A. The LGN is the site of convergence of the signals from the two eyes
B. The LGN controls the involuntary fixation process
C. The LGN controls the voluntary fixation process
D. The LGN provides a “gate control” for information destined to be received by the
primary visual cortex
2. Ganglion cells attached to photoreceptors located on the nasal portion of each retina
terminate in which of the following structures?
A. The contralateral lateral geniculate nucleus
B. The calcarine fissure of the occipital cortex
C. The contralateral medial geniculate nucleus
D. The ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus
3. Injury to the superior cervical ganglion on the left side of the neck could result in which
of the following symptoms?
A. Presbyopia in the left eye
B. A dilated pupil in the left eye
C. Blindness in the left eye
D. A constricted pupil in the left eye
4. The women of ancient Egypt who put an extract from the Belladonna plant into their eyes
for cosmetic reasons would most likely have experienced the following decrement is
visual function?
A. Difficulty in seeing objects close at hand
B. Difficulty in seeing objects at a distance
C. Difficulty in adjusting to low light conditions
D. Difficulty in moving their eyes in a coordinated fashion
5. Ganglion cells attached to photoreceptors located on the temporal portion of the retina
project to which of the following structures?
Test Bank
51-2
A. The contralateral lateral geniculate nucleus
B. The ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus
C. The ipsilateral medial geniculate nucleus
D. The calcarine fissure
6. Which of the following are paired correctly?
A. Layers 1 and 2 of the lateral geniculate nucleus – magnocellular pathway to primary
visual cortex
B. Layers 1, 4, and 6 of the lateral geniculate nucleus – input from ipsilateral ganglion
cells
C. Layers 2, 3, and 5 of the lateral geniculate nucleus – input from contralateral ganglion
cells
D. All of the above are paired correctly
7. Consider the situation in which an individual is turning their head to the left about the
axis of the neck. The motion begins while the chin is directly over the right shoulder and
ends with the chin directly over the left shoulder. Which of the following best describes
the eye movements associated with this type of head rotation in a normal individual?
A. While the head is turning, the eyes will be moving to the right and saccadic eye
motion will be to the left
B. While the head is turning, the eyes will be moving in the same direction as the head
rotation and the saccadic eye motion will be to the left
C. While the head is turning, the eyes will be moving to the right and the saccadic eye
motion will be to the right
D. While the head is turning, the eyes will remain stationary within the orbits and the
saccadic eye motion will be to the right
8. The primary visual cortex is located:
A. In the occipital lobe
B. In the temporal lobe
C. In the post-central gyrus
D. In the parietal lobe
9. In which of the following cells of the retina are action potentials generated as a result of
exposure to light:
A. Horizontal cells
B. Amacrine cells
C. Bipolar cells
Test Bank
51-3
D. Ganglion cells
10. Damage to the VIth cranial nerve will produce which of the following deficits in eye
movement?
A. An inability to move the eyes in a vertical up and down motion
B. An inability to rotate the eyes within the eye socket
C. An inability to move the eyes laterally towards the midline
D. An inability to move the eyes laterally away from the midline
11. Fibers from which area of the retina converge on the left lateral geniculate nucleus?
A. The temporal portion of the left eye and the nasal portion of the right eye
B. The temporal portion of the right eye and nasal portion of the left eye
C. The nasal portion of the left eye and the temporal portion of the left eye
D. The nasal portion of the right eye and the temporal portion of the right eye
12. The blind spot of the eye:
A. Is located 15 degrees lateral to the central point of vision
B. Is the exit point of the optic nerve
C. Contains no rods or cones
D. All of the above