40) ________ is (are) at the heart of cultural geography today.
A) Place-based interactions between culture and global political and economic forces
B) Social networking and the “Internet of things”
C) Actor-network and non-representational theories
D) Folk and popular culture
E) Geographies of disability, children and emotions
41) The coordinated computer connections between cars, personal calendars, public
transportation schedules, alarm clocks, and coffee makers are an example of
A) the “Internet of things.”
B) a 21st century cultural landscape.
C) a cultural complex.
D) a rite of passage.
E) intersectionality.
42) German Star Trek fan clubs, Japanese St. Patrick’s Day parades and Tamil hip-hop are
examples of the ________ of cultural traditions.
A) local adaptation
B) homogenization
C) destruction
D) commercialization
E) racialization
43) According the United States Census, within the next decade or so, the majority group in the
United States will be
A) nobody—there will be no majority group.
B) white Americans.
C) black Americans.
D) Hispanic Americans.
E) Asian Americans.
44) Which of the following is NOT a criterion for inclusion as a UNESCO World Heritage site?
A) exhibits high potential to be commercialized
B) represents a masterpiece of human creative genius
C) represents a unique or exceptional living civilization
D) represents a unique or exceptional disappeared civilization
E) illustrates a significant stage in human history
45) The Taj Mahal, the Sydney opera house, the Angkor complex, and the village of Battir are all
A) UNESCO World Heritage sites.
B) connected by the “Internet of things.”
C) cultural complexes.
D) genres di vie.
E) examples of cultural nationalism.
46) According to cultural geographers, ________ create(s) “intimate spatialities of social
memory.”
A) souvenirs
B) places
C) UNESCO World Heritage sites
D) kinship relations
E) popular culture
47) Ramona, the Harry Potter books, and the Lord of the Rings films exemplify how
A) art shapes place.
B) gender is socially constructed.
C) cultural systems are formed.
D) race is normalized.
E) non-representational theory unfolds.
48) In the creation of cultural landscapes, culture is
A) dynamic and evolves with changing landscapes.
B) “superorganic” and determines unique landscapes.
C) static and fixes historic landscapes.
D) determined by the landscape.
E) fictional and receives meaning from the books, films and music written about it.
49) Professional baseball regions of the United States are most strongly linked to
A) cities.
B) states.
C) ethnic groups.
D) economic classes.
E) political groups.
50) According to actor-network theory, inert objects like cars, TVs and BBQ grills have agency
because they
A) have the ability to make things happen.
B) represent cultural traits.
C) have “thingness.”
D) were sold by sales representatives.
E) are very gendered objects.
51) Kathoeys, feadóg stáins, and hwan-gap are examples of
A) cultural traits.
B) transgender minority groups.
C) instruments.
D) rites of passage.
E) Indian tribes.
52) In recognition of the inadequacy of the simple male/female gender dichotomy, Facebook
A) now has over 50 categories for gender.
B) removed gender as a feature of person’s identity.
C) has adopted the United Nations definitions of gender.
D) randomly assigns gender to each user.
E) lets users choose between masculine and feminine.
53) Of the following, the widest gender gap is seen in the amount of the world’s
A) property owned by women.
B) food produced by women.
C) income earned by women.
D) parliamentary seats occupied by women.
E) work done by women.
54) When a person in the United States is discriminated against not only for being a woman but
for being Muslim and a person of color, this overlapping of different forms of discrimination is
best characterized as
A) intersectionality.
B) kinship.
C) genre de vie.
D) white privilege.
E) affect.
55) ________ help(s) cultural geographers think about how the material world possess the power
to affect humans.
A) ANT and NRT
B) Americanization and Globalization
C) The “Internet of things”
D) Cultural systems
E) Affects and emotions
56) The global spread of Western representations and norms of beauty through television and the
Web has
A) led to a culture of dissatisfaction with people’s own bodies.
B) led to increased health around the world.
C) led to a renewed celebration of diversity in people’s shapes, sizes and colors.
D) helped people around the world return to their traditional and core values.
E) increased job opportunities for the marginalized.
5.2 True or False
1) Tuareg men of the Sahara are more likely to veil than Tuareg women.
2) Different cultural groups can have the same cultural trait(s).
3) Culture is found only among ethnically homogeneous groups.
4) Culture is constantly being newly created as it shapes and is shaped by politics, economics
and society.
5) Cultural landscapes precede natural landscapes.
6) The same cultural trait can be found in different cultural regions.
7) Rites of passage are limited to the world’s peripheral places and traditional peoples.
8) Hip-hop is a good example of folk culture.
9) Based on the evidence to date, there is not yet a global culture.
10) Cultural traits can vary within a cultural system.
11) Because of its cultural characteristics, Thailand has very low tolerance for transgendered
people.
12) The power difference between men and women is cultural, socially created, and negotiable.
13) For Carl Sauer, culture is the agent that transforms a natural landscape into a cultural
landscape.
14) A cultural complex consists of those cultural traits characteristic of a particular group.
15) A cultural region is, by definition, contiguous with no discontinuous sections.
16) From the cultural geographer’s viewpoint, sexuality is the same for all people on earth.
17) Actor-network theory helps explain how, for example, the accordion has become central in
polka, Cajun, chicken scratch and Tex-Mex music.
18) ANT and NRT help explain our world by recognizing that humans are not separate from the
world of things.
19) While many of the world’s people are familiar with common products, symbols, and events,
there is as of yet no “global culture.”
20) The physically-disabled experience space differently than the able-bodied.
21) The popularity of plastic surgery around the world is based on diverse and varied notions of
beauty.
22) World music is an example of declining diversity and the homogenizing of world culture.
23) The widespread consumption of U.S. and U.S.-style products and the increasing familiarity
of people around the world with global media and international brand names mark the emergence
of a single world culture.
24) Social networks exist only in the virtual world.
25) ANT and NRT help us recognize the force and intensity that material objects have in the
world.
26) The Internet and the Internet of things emerge from cultural practice and affect cultural
practice.
27) According to our authors, the best way of thinking about culture is to distinguish folk from
popular culture.
28) Over time, people and their cultures shape natural environment to give us cultural
landscapes.
29) Even though it takes place across cyberspace, Facebook influences culture.
30) Cultural traits can cross cultural regions.
31) According to actor-network theory, cell phones have agency.
32) Around the world, whiteness is the norm against which all other visible differences are
compared.
33) Whiteness is a social construction.
34) As the world tries to protect cultural diversity and heritage, the United States is quickly
becoming the most diverse country in the world.
35) According to cultural geographers, our emotions play little role in our relationship with
places.
36) H. C. Darby and James Duncan proved that Carl Sauer’s theory of cultural landscapes is
wrong.
37) The fact that the United States has so many professional fan-based baseball regions
demonstrates that the United States is not a cultural system.
38) Everybody, from children to the elderly and the disabled to the able-bodied, share the same
geographies.
39) Actor-network theory (ANT) explores the geographical significance on humans of the
emotions of inert objects like cell phones and televisions.
40) Before globalization and Americanization, there were no cultural norms for beauty in the
world’s periphery.
41) In the case of world music, globalization has helped cultural diversity to flourish.