Chapter 05 – The Central Nervous System
1. What are the two major regulatory systems in the body?
a.
nervous system and urinary system
b.
endocrine system and urinary system
c.
nervous system and endocrine system
d.
circulatory system and endocrine system
e.
nervous system and circulatory system
c
5.1 Organization and Cells of the Nervous System
HUPH.SHER.16.5.1 – Describe the organization of the central nervous system and its cells
2. The spinal cord is classified within what part of the nervous system?
a.
peripheral nervous system
b.
central nervous system
c.
primary nervous system
d.
secondary nervous system
e.
spinal nervous system
5.1 Organization and Cells of the Nervous System
HUPH.SHER.16.5.1 – Describe the organization of the central nervous system and its cells
3. What are the three functional classes of neurons in the nervous system?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a
5.1 Organization and Cells of the Nervous System
4. About 90% of the cells within the CNS are ____.
a.
neurons
b.
nerves
c.
connective tissue
d.
interneurons
e.
glial cells
e
5.1 Organization and Cells of the Nervous System
5. What are the immune defense cells of the CNS called?
a.
astrocytes
b.
interneurons
c.
oligodendrocytes
d.
microglia
e.
ependymal cells
5.1 Organization and Cells of the Nervous System
6. What are the nourishing membranes that lie between the bony covering of the CNS and the nervous tissue?
a.
vertebrae
b.
ganglions
c.
meninges
d.
nerve roots
e.
glial cells
c
5.2 Protection and Nourishment of the Brain
7. What is the innermost CNS membrane?
a.
dura matter
b.
arachnoid matter
c.
inner meninges
d.
grey neurons
e.
pia matter
e
5.2 Protection and Nourishment of the Brain
HUPH.SHER.16.5.2.1 – Describe the three protective and nourishing meninges
8. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is formed primarily by the ____.
a.
inner meninges
b.
nerve root ganglions
c.
arachnoid matter
d.
glial cells
e.
choroid plexuses
e
5.2 Protection and Nourishment of the Brain
9. What is the estimated number of neurons in the brain?
a.
850 million
b.
8.5 billion
c.
85 billion
d.
850 billion
e.
850 trillion
c
5.3 Overview of the Central Nervous System
HUPH.SHER.16.5.3 – Summarize the composition of the central nervous system
10. What is the name of the neural bridge connecting the two cerebral hemispheres of the brain?
a.
basal nuclei
b.
corpus callosum
c.
thalamus
d.
hypothalamus
e.
optic chiasm
5.3 Overview of the Central Nervous System
HUPH.SHER.16.5.3 – Summarize the composition of the central nervous system
11. What is the outer shell of each hemisphere composed of?
a.
gray matter
b.
white matter
c.
pink matter
d.
cerebral matter
e.
colossal matter
a
5.4 Cerebral Cortex
HUPH.SHER.16.5.4 – Describe the composition and functioning of the cerebral cortex
12. Based on varying distributions of several distinctive cell types, the cerebral cortex is organized into how many well-
defined layers?
a.
six
b.
five
c.
four
d.
three
e.
two
a
5.4 Cerebral Cortex
HUPH.SHER.16.5.2.2 – Discuss the role of cerebrospinal fluid in the central nervous system
13. What lobe of the brain is situated most posteriorly (back of the head)?
a.
parietal
b.
occipital
c.
temporal
d.
posterior
e.
cerebral
Bloom’s: Remember
5.4 Cerebral Cortex
HUPH.SHER.16.5.4.1 – Discuss the roles of the four pairs of lobes in the cerebral cortex
14. Where is Broca’s area located?
a.
parietal lobe
b.
temporal lobe
c.
frontal lobe
d.
occipital lobe
e.
brain stem
c
Bloom’s: Remember
5.4 Cerebral Cortex
HUPH.SHER.16.5.4.2 – Describe the somatosensory cortex and the primary motor cortex
15. What are the three higher motor areas of the cortex that are involved in voluntary decision-making?
a.
muscle motor area, premotor cortex, and posterior occipital cortex
b.
supplementary motor area, presensory cortex, and posterior occipital cortex
c.
supplementary motor area, presensory cortex, and temporal cortex
d.
supplementary motor area, premotor cortex, and posterior parietal cortex
e.
muscle motor area, frontal cortex, and posterior parietal cortex
Bloom’s: Remember
5.4 Cerebral Cortex
16. What area of the brain is associated with language comprehension?
a.
Bloom’s area
b.
the homunculus
c.
Broca’s area
d.
the hypothalamus
e.
Wernicke’s area
e
Bloom’s: Remember
5.4 Cerebral Cortex
HUPH.SHER.16.5.4 – Describe the composition and functioning of the cerebral cortex
17. What region of the brain is concerned primarily with motivation and emotion and is extensively involved in memory?
a.
limbic association area
b.
prefrontal cortex
c.
Broca’s area
d.
Wernicke’s area
e.
parietal association area
a
Bloom’s: Remember
5.4 Cerebral Cortex
HUPH.SHER.16.5.4 – Describe the composition and functioning of the cerebral cortex
18. Basal nuclei consist of ____.
a.
sensory nerves
b.
grey matter
c.
white matter
d.
sacs of CSF
e.
glial cells
Bloom’s: Remember
5.5 Basal Nuclei, Thalamus, and Hypothalamus
HUPH.SHER.16.5.5 – Specify the significance of basal nuclei, thalamus, and hypothalamus
19. What area of the brain is most involved in directly regulating the internal environment (homeostasis)?
a.
pituitary gland
b.
thalamus
c.
hypothalamus
d.
hyperthalamus
e.
pineal gland
c
Bloom’s: Remember
5.5 Basal Nuclei, Thalamus, and Hypothalamus
HUPH.SHER.16.5.5.2 – List nine important functions of the hypothalamus
20. The limbic system includes the amygdala, which is important for processing what emotions?
a.
happiness and joy
b.
lust and sexual drive
c.
empathy and sympathy
d.
fear and anxiety
e.
depression and stress
Bloom’s: Remember
5.6 Emotion, Behavior, and Motivation
HUPH.SHER.16.5.4.4 – Describe the two areas of the cortex that control language
21. What part of the limbic system controls the increase of heart rate and respiratory rate, elevation of blood pressure, and
diversion of blood to skeletal muscles?
a.
amygdala
b.
pineal gland
c.
hippocampus
d.
thalamus
e.
hypothalamus
e
5.6 Emotion, Behavior, and Motivation
22. What are the main neurotransmitters involved with pathways for emotions and behavior?
a.
norepinephrine, dopamine, and adrenaline
b.
norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin
c.
epinephrine, melatonin, and serotonin
d.
epinephrine, melatonin, and adrenaline
e.
epinephrine, dopamine, and adrenaline
5.6 Emotion, Behavior, and Motivation
behavior
23. The neural change responsible for retention or storage of knowledge is known as a(n) ____.
a.
input
b.
bit
c.
code
d.
modality
e.
engram
e
5.7 Learning and Memory
24. Storing long-term memories involves the synthesis of what new compounds?
a.
nucleic acids
b.
electrolytes
c.
sugars
d.
proteins
e.
steroids
HUPH.SHER.16.5.6.1 – Discuss the relationship between the limbic system and emotions
Chapter 05 – The Central Nervous System
Bloom’s: Remember
5.7 Learning and Memory
HUPH.SHER.16.5.7.2 – Compare short-term and long-term memory
25. What are the two forms of amnesia?
a.
primary and secondary
b.
habituation and sensitization
c.
retrograde and anterograde
d.
major and minor
e.
cortical and subcortical
c
Bloom’s: Remember
5.7 Learning and Memory
HUPH.SHER.16.5.7.2 – Compare short-term and long-term memory
26. What are the two forms of short-term memory?
a.
primary and secondary
b.
habituation and sensitization
c.
retrograde and anterograde
d.
major and minor
e.
cortical and subcortical
5.7 Learning and Memory
HUPH.SHER.16.5.7.2 – Compare short-term and long-term memory
27. What compound binds to the AMPA receptors and NMDA receptors of the postsynaptic neuron?
a.
glutamate
b.
dopamine
c.
serotonin
d.
norepinephrine
e.
adrenalin
a
Bloom’s: Remember
5.7 Learning and Memory
HUPH.SHER.16.5.7.2 – Compare short-term and long-term memory
28. What part of the brain plays an especially important role in declarative memories?
a.
hippocampus
b.
thalamus
c.
hypothalamus
d.
cerebellum
e.
Broca’s area
Chapter 05 – The Central Nervous System
a
5.7 Learning and Memory
HUPH.SHER.16.5.7.3 – Discuss three regions of the brain associated with memories
29. How many functionally distinct parts does the cerebellum have?
a.
two
b.
three
c.
four
d.
five
e.
six
b
5.8 Cerebellum
HUPH.SHER.16.5.8 – Discuss the functions of the three parts of the cerebellum
30. What part of the cerebellum regulates muscle tone and coordinates skilled voluntary movement?
a.
anterior cerebellum
b.
posterior cerebellum
c.
cerebrocerebellum
d.
spinocerebellum
e.
vestibulocerebellum
d
5.8 Cerebellum
HUPH.SHER.16.5.8 – Discuss the functions of the three parts of the cerebellum
31. What components make up the brain stem?
a.
hindbrain, pons, and midbrain
b.
medulla, hippocampus, and midbrain
c.
medulla, pons, and midbrain
d.
cerebellum, hindbrain, and midbrain
e.
medulla, pons, and hippocampus
c
5.9 Brain Stem
32. How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
a.
8
b.
9
c.
10
d.
11
e.
12
Chapter 05 – The Central Nervous System
e
5.9 Brain Stem
33. What cranial nerve controls the act of chewing?
a.
mandibular nerve
b.
facial nerve
c.
vagus nerve
d.
trigeminal nerve
e.
abducens nerve
5.9 Brain Stem
34. Which brain waves are the fastest?
a.
gamma
b.
delta
c.
beta
d.
alpha
e.
cerebral
a
5.9 Brain Stem
HUPH.SHER.16.5.4.6 – List the three main uses of electroencephalograms
35. What receptors in the brain are blocked by caffeine?
a.
guanine receptors
b.
serotonin receptors
c.
dopamine receptors
d.
adenosine receptors
e.
norepinephrine receptors
5.9 Brain Stem
HUPH.SHER.16.5.9.4 – Explain the function of sleep
36. How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
a.
31
b.
32
c.
33
d.
34
Chapter 05 – The Central Nervous System
e.
35
a
5.10 Spinal Cord
HUPH.SHER.16.5.10 – Describe the composition and functioning of the spinal cord
37. In the spinal cord, what matter is organized into tracts?
a.
glial cells
b.
white matter
c.
grey matter
d.
pink mater
e.
ganglions
5.10 Spinal Cord
HUPH.SHER.16.5.10.2 – Illustrate the tracts in the white matter of the spinal cord
38. What ascending spinal tract carries pain and temperature sensations to the brain?
a.
ventral spinothalamic
b.
dorsal spinocerebellar
c.
lateral spinothalamic
d.
ventral spinocerebellar
e.
vestibulospinal
5.10 Spinal Cord
HUPH.SHER.16.5.10.3 – Describe the role of afferent and efferent fibers in spinal nerves
39. Each spinal nerve carries afferent sensory fibers from a particular region on the body surface called a(n):
a.
sensory region
b.
organ
c.
skin patch
d.
dermatome
e.
afferent zone
5.10 Spinal Cord
HUPH.SHER.16.5.10.3 – Describe the role of afferent and efferent fibers in spinal nerves
40. The withdrawal reflex is an example of what reflex category?
a.
innate reflex
b.
conditioned reflex
c.
somatic reflex
d.
arm reflex
Chapter 05 – The Central Nervous System
e.
spinal reflex
e
5.10 Spinal Cord
HUPH.SHER.16.5.10.4 – Describe two basic reflexes for which the spinal cord is responsible
41. The afferent division carries information away from the CNS.
a.
True
b.
False
False
5.1 Organization and Cells of the Nervous System
42. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells.
a.
True
b.
False
True
5.1 Organization and Cells of the Nervous System
43. Ependymal cells line the internal, fluid filled cavities of the CNS.
a.
True
b.
False
True
5.1 Organization and Cells of the Nervous System
44. Only the brain interstitial fluid (not the blood or CSF) comes into direct contact with the neurons and glial cells.
a.
True
b.
False
True
5.2 Protection and Nourishment of the Brain
HUPH.SHER.16.5.2.2 – Discuss the role of cerebrospinal fluid in the central nervous system
45. The human brain is the consistency of tofu and typically weighs about eleven pounds.
a.
True
b.
False
False