13
55. In a relational database, every row represents a(n) _____.
A. file
B. record
C. attribute
D. primary key
E. secondary key
56. A standardized language used to manipulate data is _____.
A. MS-Access
B. Oracle
C. query-by-example language
D. structured query language
E. data-manipulation language
57. Data dictionaries provide which of the following advantages to the organization?
A. They reduce data inconsistency.
B. They enable faster program development.
C. They make it easier to modify data and information.
D. Only B and C
E. All of the above
58. _____ is a method for analyzing and reducing a relational database to its most streamlined
form.
A. Structured query
B. Normalization
C. Query by example
14
D. Joining
E. Relational analysis
59. When data are normalized, attributes in the table depend only on the _____.
A. secondary key
B. common attribute
C. primary key
D. common row
E. common record
60. The data in a data warehouse have which of the following characteristics?
A. They are organized by subject.
B. They are coded in different formats.
C. They are updated in real time.
D. They are typically retained for a defined, but limited, period of time.
E. They are organized in a hierarchical structure.
61. The data in a data warehouse:
A. are updated constantly in real time.
B. are updated in batch mode, approximately once per day.
C. are not updated.
D. are purged constantly as new data enter.
E. are available for MIS analysts, but not users.
62. The process of moving data from various sources into the data warehouse is called:
A. uploading.
B. extracting, transforming, and loading.
C. online transaction processing.
D. master data management.
E. online analytical processing.
63. Compared to data warehouses, data marts have which one of the following characteristics?
A. They cost less.
B. They have longer lead times for implementation.
C. They provide for central rather than local control.
D. They contain more information.
E. They are more difficult to navigate.
64. _____ is a formal approach to managing data consistently across an entire organization.
A. Database management
B. Enterprise information management
C. Data warehousing
D. Data governance
E. Data mart
65. _____ provide(s) companies with a single version of the truth for their data.
A. Data warehouses
B. Data marts
C. Databases
D. Master data management
E. Enterprise information management
66. Organizations are turning to data governance for which of the following reasons?
A. They have too little data.
B. They are responding to federal regulations.
C. Their data are typically structured.
D. Their data are usually located in the organization’s databases.
E. Data across their organizations are generally consistent.
67. _____ describe the activities of the business, whereas _____ categorize(s), aggregate(s),
and evaluate(s) data generated by the organization’s activities.
A. Transaction data, master data
B. Source data, transaction data
C. Operational data, master data
D. Master data, source data
E. Business dimensional data, databases
68. _____ is a process that helps organizations identify, select, organize, disseminate, transfer,
and apply expertise that are part of the organization’s memory and typically reside inside the
organization in an unstructured manner.
A. Discovery
B. Knowledge management
C. Decision support
D. Online analytical processing
E. Data mining
17
69. _____ can be exercised to solve a problem, whereas _____ may or may not be able to be
exercised to solve a problem.
A. Knowledge, information
B. Data, information
C. Information, data
D. Information, knowledge
E. Data, knowledge
70. Explicit knowledge has which of the following characteristics?
A. objective
B. personal
C. slow
D. costly to transfer
E. ambiguous
71. Tacit knowledge has which of the following characteristics?
A. codified
B. objective
C. unstructured
D. rational
E. technical
72. Historically, management information systems have focused on capturing, storing,
managing, and reporting _____ knowledge.
A. tacit
B. explicit
C. managerial
D. geographical
E. cultural
18
73. The most important benefit of knowledge management systems is:
A. They improve customer service.
B. They make best practices available to employees.
C. They enable the organization to retain scarce knowledge when employees retire.
D. They improve employee morale.
E. They make product development more efficient.
74. Refer to IT’s About Business 5.3: Database Solution for the German Aerospace Center: The
challenges associated with data collection from satellites include the following except:
A. Capturing data in real time
B. Storing data at the satellite
C. Transferring data from the satellite to central databases
D. Storing current and past data collected from the satellites
E. Processing data to compare current and past information to predict future events
75. Refer to IT’s About Business 5.4: Hospital Improves Patient Care with Data Warehouse: A
single source of all patient data, accessible to multiple hospitals will have the following benefit
A. aid in medical research
B. reduce duplicate tests
C. eliminate the need for patients to do their own record keeping
D. faster transfer of high-volume image data across different locations
E. all of the above
76. Refer to Closing Case – Can Organizations Have Too Much Data? The primary reason why
organizations would want to maintain multiple copies of the same data are the regulations and
laws.
Question Type: SHORT ANSWER
77. Discuss why decisions concerning data structure have a broader impact than decisions
concerning hardware and software.
78. Discuss the difficulties involved in managing data.
79 List ways in which organizations can leverage big data to gain value.
80. Define each element of the data hierarchy, in order from smallest to largest.
81. Discuss the advantages of the database approach.
20
82. Describe entity-relationship modeling.
83. Describe the relational database model.
84. Describe the characteristics of a data warehouse.
85. What are the advantages of a data mart?
86. Differentiate between explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. Provide examples of each.
87. Describe the six steps of the knowledge management system cycle.
Question Type: ESSAY
89. Describe the various new sources for data, and provide an example of each.
90. Explain the six problems that can be minimized using the database approach.
91. Identify and explain the advantages of the four characteristics of data warehouses.
92. Differentiate between master data and transaction data.
93. Why is data governance so important for organizations?
QUESTION TYPE: TRUE/FALSE
94. For the following entity-relationship diagram, the Student entity would have the foreign key.
22
Question Type: Multiple Choice
95. For the following entity-relationship diagram, the attributes you would NOT expect to see in
the Computer entity are
A. manufacturer.
B. type (laptop or desktop).
C. memory size.
D. disk size.
E. student’s dorm room.
96. For the following entity-relationship diagram, what could the primary key be in the Grade
entity?
A. Primary key in Student entity
B. Primary key in Course entity
C. Its own primary key.
D. Primary key made up of the primary keys in Student entity and Course entity
E. It doesn’t need a primary key.
97. In a jewelry store, a customer places an order for a piece of jewelry (for example, a silver
pin in the shape of a tulip). A customer could order more than one piece of jewelry at a time.
Which of the following entity-relationship diagrams is true?
98. In data warehouses and data marts, data are stored in a multidimensional structure and
visually represented as a data cube. Figure 3.12 is an example of a data cube of sales with the
dimensions of product, geographic area, and time period (year). These are called business
dimensions.
What would the business dimensions be for Walmart’s sales with its many sales transactions for
many products in many stores that would allow them to do weekly analysis?
A. Customer, product, and month
B. Customer, product, store
C. Customer, product, store, and month
D. Customer, product, store, and week
E. Product, store, and week
99. When you start a job, you are given an employee handbook which contains the company’s
tacit knowledge.
100. When you start a job, you watch what other employees are doing and ask them to explain
why they do it in a particular way. They are sharing their tacit knowledge.