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37. Miller (1989) found that in day care centers, _________ varied according to the socioeconomic status of the
center’s clientele (families).
a.
language interactions
b.
social interactions
c.
both language and social interactions
d.
none of these
38. Collaborative caregiving refers to which of the following?
a.
The mutual exchange of support and ideas between caregivers and parents
b.
A society in which there are numerous options for child care
c.
Care settings in which parents are listened to but then ignored
d.
Care settings in which teachers and parents hold the same political views
39. People-focused activities are emphasized in which cultural framework?
a.
Independence-oriented
b.
Interdependence-oriented
c.
Individualistic
d.
Equilibrium-producing
40. The Keeping Children and Families Safe Act was passed in
a.
1910.
b.
1974.
c.
1995.
d.
2003.
41. From a cost/benefits perspective, advocates for child care suggest that the costs of community child care
services outweigh the later costs of
a.
special education services.
b.
juvenile delinquency.
c.
welfare payments.
d.
all of these.
Completion
42. Care given to children by persons other than parents during the parts of the day when parents are absent is
termed _________.
43. Size of the group, caregiver–child ratio, and specialized training are all indicators of _________ in child care
settings.
44. In poor-quality child care settings, staff turnover is _________.
45. The process of supporting a person, group, or cause is called _________.
46. The 1996 welfare law allows recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) to collect
federally funded benefits for what length of time? _________
47. An example of a federally funded comprehensive preschool and intervention program is
_____________________.
48. John Bowlby’s research focusing on the effects of child care on the mother–child relationship supported
______________ care.
49. Generally, the intellectual performance of children who attend a quality day care program is _________ than
that of children from similar family backgrounds who do not attend a day care program or who attend one of
poor quality.
50. The most common types of care for school-aged children (aged 6–12) are family day care homes and care
provided by _________.
51. The term for children who carry their own key and let themselves into their homes is _________.
52. When employers offer day care, employees are found to have a more _________ attitude toward work.
53. Care provided by an individual in the child’s own home is called _________ care.
54. The term that refers to the goals and objectives of an educational program, the teacher’s role, the equipment
and materials, the space arrangement, the kinds of activities, and the way the activities are scheduled is
_________.
55. A curriculum in which the learning activities are planned by the teacher for all the children is called
_________-directed.
56. When learning activities emerge from individual interest and teacher guidance, the curriculum is considered
_________-directed.
57. Weikart’s curriculum, which strives to apply Piagetian theory, is called the _________ curriculum.
58. According to Piaget, the process of learning that involves incorporating new experiences is _________.
59. Thinking is action is characteristic of the Piagetian _________ stage.
60. The first stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is termed ________.
61. According to Piaget, at age 9 we would expect a child’s thought to be characterized by the stage called
_________ operations.
62. The curriculum based on dividing learning tasks into small progressive segments and reinforcing mastery of
them is called the _________ curriculum.
63. A curriculum that is individualized in relation to each child’s stage of development while providing many
opportunities for children to interact with peers and adults is the _________ curriculum.
64. Children in teacher-directed programs score ________ on reading and math achievement tests than children
in learner-directed programs.
65. The _________ mind refers to socialization toward having the capacity to uncover and clarify new problems
and questions, and pose possible and novel solutions.
66. The “Tools of the Mind” curriculum is based on _____________theory of learning.
67. _________ refers to developmental changes associated with the biological process of aging.
Subjective Short Answer
68. Imagine you are on the board tasked with creating a new child care center in your community. Describe to
the rest of the board the factors the new center needs to make it a high-quality caregiving environment.
69. Create a list of 10 questions that parents should ask when they are seeking high-quality child care for their
child.
70. Describe how the accreditation process for child care centers differs from the accreditation process for
family day care homes and in-home caregiving arrangements.
71. Drawing on studies published since 1970, summarize the research on attachment as it relates to nonparental
child day care.
72. Provide an overview of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, and describe how the sensorimotor period
is different from the preoperational period.
73. Using Karoly’s (1998) study as a base, write a persuasive argument for the continued funding of Head Start
and other similar programs.
74. Compare and contrast a teacher-directed curriculum with a learner-directed curriculum, and give examples.
75. Describe how cognitively oriented curricula differ from the direct instruction curriculum.
76. Compare and contrast the Montessori curriculum and the developmental interaction curriculum. Include in
your answer similarities and/or differences in philosophy, classroom structure, and curricula.
77. Using information found in your text, provide an overview of the effects of nonparental child care on
cognitive development.
78. Imagine you are employed at a child care resource and referral agency. Drawing upon information found in
your text, write a briefing for the public that highlights trends and issues related to nonparental child care
today. Include in your report the concepts of child maltreatment, collaborative caregiving, and developmental
appropriateness.
