Figure 5.1
Using Figure 5.1, match the following:
56)
Region that thickens markedly when one gains weight.
56)
57)
What are the functions of the papillary layer of the skin?
57)
58)
There are several reasons other than genetics for hair loss. Identify some of these other
factors.
58)
59)
Balding men have tried all kinds of remedies, including hair transplants, to restore their
lost locks. Explain the cause of male pattern baldness.
59)
60)
Burns that result in injury to the epidermis and the upper regions of the dermis is called a
________ burn.
60)
61)
The layer of the epidermis immediately under the stratum lucidum in thick skin is the
stratum ________.
61)
62)
Cradle cap in infants is called ________.
62)
Figure 5.1
Using Figure 5.1, match the following:
63)
Responsible for shock absorption and located in the hypodermis.
63)
64)
The only place you will find stratum ________ is in the skin that covers the palms,
fingertips, and soles of the feet.
64)
65)
In addition to the synthesis of vitamin D, keratinocytes are able to carry out some other
biologically important functions. Name at least two of these other functions.
65)
66)
The ________ are the small muscles located in the dermis that cause goose bumps.
66)
67)
Why is skin not considered an absolute heat barrier for the body?
67)
Figure 5.1
Using Figure 5.1, match the following:
68)
Site of the dermal ridges that produce epidermal ridges on the epidermal surfaces of the
fingers.
68)
69)
How are burns commonly classified? Give an example.
69)
70)
What complications might be anticipated from the loss of large areas of skin surfaces?
70)
71)
What are six of the functions of the epidermis?
71)
72)
Why is profuse sweating on a hot day good, and yet a potential problem?
72)
Figure 5.1
Using Figure 5.1, match the following:
73)
Pulls the hair follicle into an upright position.
73)
74)
List the layers of the dermis and describe the functions of the tissue that makes up each
layer.
74)
75)
A summertime golden bronze tan may not be a tan at all; especially if the skin appears
almost metallic bronze, it may be the result of ________ disease.
75)
76)
Pigment–producing cells in the epidermis are ________.
76)
TRUE/FALSE. Write ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if the statement is false.
77)
The pinkish hue of individuals with fair skin is the result of the crimson color of oxygenated
hemoglobin (contained in red blood cells) circulating in the dermal capillaries and reflecting
through the epidermis.
77)
78)
The dermis is rich in blood vessels and nerve fibers.
78)
79)
When a patient is said to have “third–degree burns,” this indicates that the patient has burns that
cover approximately one–third or more of the body.
79)
80)
The skin is not able to receive stimuli because the cells of the epidermis are not living and therefore
there are no sensory receptors in the skin.
80)
81)
The dense fibrous connective tissue portion of the skin is located in the reticular region of the
dermis.
81)
82)
The outermost sheath of a hair follicle is the connective tissue root sheath.
82)
83)
During the regressive phase of hair growth, the matrix is inactive and the follicle atrophies.
83)
84)
The apocrine sweat glands are fairly unimportant in thermoregulation.
84)
85)
Sweat glands continuously produce small amounts of sweat, even in cooler temperatures.
85)
86)
A physician is often able to detect homeostatic imbalances in the body by observing changes in the
skin color.
86)
87)
Regardless of race, all human beings have about the same number of melanocytes.
87)
88)
The protein found in large amounts in the outermost layer of epidermal cells is collagen.
88)
89)
The reason that the nail bed appears pink is the presence of a large number of melanocytes in the
underlying dermis.
89)
90)
The hyponychium is commonly called the cuticle.
90)
91)
The most dangerous skin cancer is cancer of the melanocytes.
91)
92)
Skin surface markings that reflect points of tight dermal attachment to underlying tissues are called
epidermal ridges.
92)
93)
Hair growth and density are influenced by hormones, nutrition, and, in some cases, lifestyle.
93)
94)
The stratum corneum (outermost layer of skin) is a zone of approximately four layers of viable cells
that are able to synthesize proteins that keep the outer layer of skin smooth and soft.
94)
95)
6) Ceruminous glands are modified merocrine glands.
95)
96)
When an individual is exposed to extremely low air temperatures, the dermal blood vessels will
dilate so that blood and heat will be dissipated.
96)
97)
Joe just burned himself on a hot pot. A blister forms and the burn is painful. Joe’s burn would best
be described as a third–degree burn.
97)
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following:
98)
Cell remnants of the stratum corneum.
99)
The protein found in the epidermis
that is responsible for toughening the
skin.
A)
Keratin
98)
99)
Match the following:
100)
The glands that serve an important
function in thermoregulation.
A)
Sudoriferous glands
100)
Match the following:
101)
Skin macrophages that help activate
the immune system.
A)
Dendritic cells
101)
Match the following:
102)
Appearance of a permanent tan;
bronzing.
A)
Addison’s disease
102)
Match the following:
103)
Hair that lacks pigment and is often
called “immature hair.”
A)
Vellus
103)
Match the following:
104)
May indicate embarrassment, fever,
hypertension, inflammation, or
allergy.
A)
Erythema
104)
105)
Usually indicates a liver disorder.
106)
May indicate fear, anger, anemia, or
low blood pressure.
107)
A bluish color in light–skinned
individuals.
A)
Jaundice
C)
Cyanosis
105)
106)
107)
Match the following:
108)
The most abundant cells of the
epidermis.
109)
Cells plus a disc–like sensory nerve
ending that functions as a sensory
receptor for touch.
A)
Keratinocytes
108)
109)
Match the following:
110)
The layer that contains the mitotic
viable cells of the epidermis.
111)
The layer of the epidermis where the
cells are considered protective but
nonviable.
A)
Stratum basale
110)
111)
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
112)
Robert, a surfer, has a mole that has changed its shape and size. His doctor, applying the ABCD(E) rule,
diagnosed a melanoma. What do the letters ABCD(E) represent?
113)
Explain why soap that has an alkaline base may not be healthy for some patients to use daily.
114)
Betty, an 83 year old woman, is bedfast due to a severely broken hip. Unfortunately, she has developed a
decubitus ulcer. What is a decubitus ulcer and what may have caused it to occur?
115)
Mary noticed a large, brown spot on her skin. She has been playing tennis in the sun for several years without
sun protection. She reported the discovery to a friend, who told her to apply the ABCD rule to determine
whether or not she had malignant melanoma. Her friend told her that if her answer was “no” to the questions
that were asked by the ABCD rule, she had nothing to worry about. What is the ABCD rule and should she
ignore the spot if her answers are negative?
116)
The 68–year–old patient was admitted to the hospital medical floor with a diagnosis of chronic bronchitis. His
wife asks the nurse why his skin looks blue. How would you explain cyanosis to the patient and his wife?
117)
The Waldorf family was caught in a fire but escaped. Unfortunately, the father and daughter suffered burns.
The father had second–degree burns on his entire chest, abdomen, and both arms, and third–degree burns on
his entire left lower extremity. The daughter suffered first–degree burns on her whole head and neck and
second–degree burns throughout both lower extremities.
a. What percentage of the father’s body was covered by burns?
b. What percentage of the daughter’s body received first–degree burns?
c. What part of the daughter’s body has both the dermis and epidermis involved?
d. The father experiences a good deal of pain in the area of the chest and
abdomen, but little pain in the leg. Why?
118)
The temperature yesterday was an uncomfortable 98°F. You unwisely chose to play tennis at noon, counting on
your body’s internal defenses to protect you against heat exhaustion. How did your body respond to this
distress?
119)
John, a younger teenager, notices that he is experiencing a lot of pimples and blackheads, which frequently
become infected. What is causing this problem?
120)
We are told that every surface we touch is teeming with bacteria, and bacteria are found in the pools we swim
in, the water we wash with, and on the hands of friends. Why are we not inundated with bacterial infections on
our skin?
121)
Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes. Melanoma is most common in Caucasians
between 40 and 70 years of age. Explain why Caucasians would have a greater incidence of melanoma.
Answer Key
Testname: C5
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Answer Key
Testname: C5
Answer Key
Testname: C5
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Answer Key
Testname: C5
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