1. Which of the following is the first step in the ethical decision making process?
a. Being socialized into the firm’s corporate culture
b. Applying a personal moral philosophy in order to individualize the ethical decision making process
c. Recognizing that an issue requires an individual or work group to make a choice that ultimately will be judged
by stakeholders as right or wrong
d. Soliciting the opinions of others in a work group or in the overall business in order to gain feedback
e. Enforcing the firm’s ethical standards with rewards and punishment
2. Which of the following is not one of the six “spheres of influence” to which individuals are subject when confronted
with an ethical issue?
a. Educational attainment
b. Workplace
c. Family
d. Legal system
e. Community
3. The perceived relevance or importance of an ethical issue to the individual, work group, or organization is
a. organizational culture.
b. immediate job context.
c. ethical issue intensity.
d. leadership.
e. locus of control.
4. Studies have found that more than a third of the unethical situations that lower and middle-level managers face come
from _____.
a. stakeholder expectations and pressures.
b. pressures to satisfy customers.
c. pressures from the government to perform at a high level.
d. internal pressures and ambiguity surrounding internal organizational rules.
e. investor expectations.
5. According to the ethical decision-making framework, the absence of punishment provides a(n)
behavior.
a. reason
b. significant other
c. individual factor
d. opportunity
e. ethical issue intensity
for unethical
6. have been found to decrease unethical practices and increase positive work behavior.
a. High educational attainment levels
b. High levels of community involvement
c. Charismatic leaders
d. Strong religious beliefs
e. Good personal values
7. involves subordinates simply following the directives of a superior without question. It demonstrates the
influence that significant others can exert in the workplace.
a. Obedience to authority
b. Locus of control
c. Opportunity
d. Transactional leadership
e. Immediate job context
8. Multiple elements work on individuals to affect their behavior. While an individual may intend to do the right thing,
can alter this intent.
a. cognitive dissonance
b. familial expectations
c. religious beliefs
d. the desire for financial gain
e. organizational or social forces
9. If management fails to identify and educate employees about ethical problem areas, ethical issues may not reach the
critical
a. awareness level.
b. aptitude level.
c. ethical level.
d. organizational level.
e. individual level.
10. The can be defined as a set of values, norms, and artifacts, including ways of solving problems shared by
members of an organization.
a. corporate culture
b. intentions of a corporate
c. ethical issue awareness
d. determination of a corporation
e. individual factors
11. Which of the following would not be considered a negative reinforcement of employee behavior?
a. Demotions
b. Firings
c. Ignoring the behavior
d. Reprimands
e. Pay penalties
12. Codes, rules, and compliance are essential in organizations. However, an organization built on
to develop a high integrity corporate culture.
a. a charismatic leader
b. the preferences of the CEO
c. the grapevine
d. formal relationships
e. informal relationships
is more likely
13. Following the ethical directives of a superior relates to
a. an internal locus of control.
b. obedience to authority.
c. moral intensity.
d. gender.
e. ethical issue intensity.
14. Which of the following is not considered a significant other group in the workplace?
a. Peers
b. Managers
c. Spouses
d. Coworkers
e. Subordinates
15. Studies have shown that
than any other factor.
a. significant others
b. religion
c. education
d. chief executive officers
e. ethical issues
within the organization have more impact on a worker’s decisions on a daily basis
16. External and internal rewards relate to which part of the ethical decision-making framework?
a. Individual factors
b. Significant others
c. Cognitive moral development
d. Obedience to authority
e. Opportunity
17. Which of the following is not an issue that helps in business ethics evaluations and decisions?
a. Ethical issue intensity
b. Individual factors
c. Organizational factors
d. Personal guilt
e. Opportunity
18. is the first sign that an unethical decision has occurred.
a. Guilt
b. Reward
c. Punishment
d. Cognitive dissonance
e. Happiness
19. People who believe in , go with the flow because they feel the events in their lives are uncontrollable.
a. ethical decision making
b. internal locus of control
c. an ethical culture
d. external locus of control
e. significant others.
20. Which of the following is not an individual factor that affects business ethics?
a. Nationality
b. Age
c. Religion
d. Significant others
e. Education
21. is an organizational factor that gives a company specific characteristics. Over time, stakeholders begin to see
the company as like a living organism with a mind and will of its own.
a. Oversight
b. Significant others c.
Corporate culture d.
The ethical climate e.
The legal climate
22. An ethical corporate culture needs along with to establish an ethics program and monitor the complex
ethical decisions being made by employees .
a. individual ethics; ethical issue intensity
b. ethical issue intensity; ethics training
c. organizational factors; individual factors
d. employee evaluations; good intentions
e. shared values; proper oversight
23. Those who have influence in a work group are referred to as significant others and include
a. peers, managers, coworkers, and subordinates.
b. family members, peers, and coworkers.
c. spouses and friends.
d. employees in similar job situations.
e. employees who hold the same job.
24. Research concerning nationality and the ability to make ethical decisions
a. shows no relationship between the two.
b. is hard to interpret in a business context because of cultural differences.
c. suggests that organizations should be very concerned about an employee‘s nationality.
d. suggests that corporations pay a lot of attention to such research.
e. suggests that the influence of nationality on corporate culture is growing.