Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
•
What do you know about how weight lifting increases muscle strength? What other
information is related to the question?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct
answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
31. In order for a muscle to contract, calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
must bind to
32. Which of these muscles would you expect to have the greatest proportion of slow-twitch
fibers?
33. Impressive was a champion Quarter Horse stallion with a magnificent muscular physique,
a trait that he passed on to dozens of offspring. However, many of Impressive’s offspring
developed periodic muscular twitching that sometimes left the horses temporarily unable to
move. Some horses even died. As it turns out, Impressive’s award-winning physique was due
to a mutation in a single, protein-encoding gene, resulting in hyperexcitable muscle (which
contracts even in the absence of a stimulus from its motor neuron). Which is NOT a plausible
explanation for the identity of the abnormal muscle protein in Impressive and his offspring?
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
•
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
•
What do you know about excitation of muscles? What other information is related to the
question?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct
answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
34. What is the association between tropomyosin and troponin molecules in resting striated
muscle fibers?
35. Sustained contraction is called
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
36. Impulses conducted along the transverse tubules of the muscle fiber stimulate
37. A muscle fiber contracts by a sequence of events initiated by the binding of acetylcholine
to its receptor. Which of the following is the correct sequence?
I-The calcium-troponin complex pulls tropomyosin away from the myosin binding sites of
actin.
II-The freed-sites of actin bind to myosin to form cross bridges.
III-Calcium ion binds to the troponin.
38. A newborn baby dies soon after birth because her diaphragm and rib cage muscles failed
to contract and she was unable to breathe on her own. Examination of the baby’s DNA
revealed that she had a genetic mutation in a gene that encoded a calcium-binding protein.
Which protein was most likely defective in the baby?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
•
What do you know about the proteins the bind to calcium in a muscle contraction? What
other information is related to the question?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
calcium would not block muscle contraction?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
39. The movement of actin and myosin fibers in a muscle contraction contains all of the
following steps EXCEPT
40. Myofibril contractile subunits, the sarcomeres, are bounded on each end by a disc of
protein called the
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
41. A cross bridge is the binding of which two proteins?
42. Identify the condition that will result in an increased level of calcium in the blood.
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
•
What do you know about bone metabolism and calcium? What other information is
related to the question?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct
answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
43. In bone, crystals of calcium phosphate impregnate the extracellular matrix containing
fibers of
44. Vertebrate bone does NOT ____.
45. Which of the following is/are required with actin and myosin in order to initiate muscle
contraction?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
46. The human skeleton is a typical vertebrate
47. Impulses conducted along the muscle fiber’s transverse tubules stimulate the release of
calcium ions into the cytoplasm
48. Muscle fatigue is often accompanied by muscle pain. What is the most likely explanation
for this pain?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
•
What do you know about muscle fatigue? What other information is related to the
question?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct
answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
49. The myofibrils consist of both thin filaments made of actin and thick filaments composed
of
50. What molecule contributes to the red color of slow-twitch muscle fibers?
51. You are investigating the scene of a hit and run where somebody’s pet dog was killed. It
is a very hot day so the dog’s body temperature is unlikely to yield any important information
regarding the time of death. The dog’s limbs are movable and there is no significant smell of
rotting flesh. What is the best guess of the time of death?
Chapter 46 – The Musculoskeletal System
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
•
What do you know about rigor mortis? What other information is related to the
question?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct
answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
rigor mortis would not occur for 12 hours after death?