Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
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• Apply level:
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
70. What is the approximate Q10 value for most enzymes?
71. Some animals allow their body temperature to conform to the environment. What is the
old term for these animals, and what is the newer preferred term?
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
72. Which of these is not a method used by ectotherms to affect body temperature?
Shivering is used by mammals to increase body heat when the hypothalamus detects a body
temperature below the set point. Although the behavior involves muscles, the outcome is not
movement but “wasted” energy in the form of heat. This is an example of nature reusing a
body structure for an additional purpose.
73. A scout troop sets out on a backpacking trip. Soon, an unexpected storm gets them
drenched, and the troop leaders discover that few boys have packed warm clothes. Several
scouts start shivering uncontrollably, a sign of hypothermia. The leaders call off the trip and
the group heads back to their cars. This shivering response was
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
74. If the boys progressed into full-blown hypothermia, this would be a failure of which
regulatory system?
75. Dogs use panting to dissipate excess heat. What part of their brain detects the need for
this response and sends the signal to pant?
76. When a dog’s brain detects the need to dissipate excess heat and the dog begins to pant,
the brain acts as the _________________, and the panting behavior acts as the
________________.
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
77. After yet another patron dripped sweat on her desk, the clerk at the gym complained, “It’s
gross working at a gym, with everyone sweating all the time.” “Yes,” the manager replied,
“and it’s probably costing us more for ______________, but I’ll bet we’re saving on
_____________________.”
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
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What is the key concept addressed by the question?
What type of thinking is required?
• Evaluate level:
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question?
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Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
78. If a mammal suffered damage to the temperature sensor in its brain, what would be the
result?
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
42–61
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• Apply level:
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related to the question?
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Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
more desirable result?
79. You are an engineer at a power plant that creates large volumes of hot waste water, which
disrupts the ecosystem of the river it drains into. Another part of the plant requires warm oil,
and the plant uses large amounts of energy to heat it. Inspired by countercurrent exchange in
whales, you save energy and benefit the environment by
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
42–63
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What do you already know about countercurrent exchange? What other information is
related to the question?
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Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
80. Which of these methods of heat transfer is not relevant to biological systems?
81. Thermoregulation depends on monitoring of blood temperature. What structure acts as
the mammalian temperature sensor?
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
82. If the set point of the hypothalamus were to suddenly rise to 40C (as in the induction
phase of a fever), what would the initial response of the body be?
83. Which of these thermoregulation processes can be sustained for the longest period of
time?
84. Which of these factors would have the least effect on heat transfer processes in animals?
Chapter 42 – The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation
85. Which of these animals has the highest metabolic rate per unit body mass?