36) Which of the pairs of molecular structures shown below do NOT depict enantiomers (enantiomeric
forms) of the same molecule?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
37) Which pair of molecules shown below are not enantiomers of a single molecule?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
38) Thalidomide and L-dopa, shown below, are examples of pharmaceutical drugs that occur as
enantiomers, or molecules that
A) have identical three-dimensional shapes.
B) are mirror images of one another.
C) are structural isomers.
D) are mirror images of one another and have the same biological activity.
E) are cis-trans isomers.
39) What is the name of the functional group shown in the figure above?
A) carbonyl
B) ketone
C) aldehyde
D) carboxyl
E) hydroxyl
40) Which of the structures illustrated above is an impossible covalently bonded molecule?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
41) Which of the structures illustrated above contain(s) a carbonyl functional group?
A) A
B) C and D
C) C
D) D
E) C and E
42) In which of the structures illustrated above are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) C, D, and E only
E) none of the structures
43) Which of the structures illustrated above cannot form hydrogen bonds with water molecules?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
44) Which functional group shown above is characteristic of alcohols?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
45) Which functional group(s) shown above is (are) present in all amino acids?
A) A and B
B) B and D
C) C only
D) D only
E) C and D
46) Which of the groups shown above is a carbonyl functional group?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
47) Which of the groups shown above is a functional group that helps stabilize proteins by forming
covalent cross-links within or between protein molecules?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
48) Which of the groups above is a carboxyl functional group?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
49) Which of the groups above is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H+ into a
solution?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
50) Which of the groups above is a basic functional group that can accept H+ and become positively
charged?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
51) Which molecule shown above would have a positive charge in aqueous solution at pH 7?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
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52) Which molecule(s) shown above is (are) ionized in aqueous solution at pH 7?
A) A
B) B and D
C) D and E
D) D
E) E
53) Which molecules shown above contain a carbonyl group?
A) A and B
B) B and C
C) B, C, and D
D) D and E
E) E and A
54) Which molecule shown above has a carbonyl functional group in the form of a ketone?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
55) Which molecule shown above has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
56) Which molecule shown above contains a carboxyl group?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
57) Which molecule shown above can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is
19
therefore an organic acid?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
58) Which molecule shown above can form a dimer linked by a covalent bond?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
59) Which molecules shown above will form hydrogen bonds with water?
A) Only D will form hydrogen bonds with water.
B) All of these molecules will form hydrogen bonds with water.
C) None of these molecules will form hydrogen bonds with water.
D) All of these molecules except B will form hydrogen bonds with water.
E) Only C, D, and E will form hydrogen bonds with water.
60) Which molecule shown above contains an amino functional group, but is not an amino acid?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
61) Which molecule shown above is a thiol?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
62) Which molecule shown above contains a functional group that cells use to transfer energy between
organic molecules?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
63) Which molecule shown above can function as a base?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
64) A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups
should be added to the molecule in order to do so?
A) carboxyl
B) sulfhydryl
C) hydroxyl
D) amino
E) phosphate
End-of-Chapter Questions
The following questions are from the end-of–chapter “Test Your Understanding” section in Chapter 4 of
the textbook.
65) Organic chemistry is currently defined as
A) the study of compounds made only by living cells.
B) the study of carbon compounds.
C) the study of vital forces.
D) the study of natural (as opposed to synthetic) compounds.
E) the study of hydrocarbons.
66) Which functional group is not present in this molecule?
A) carboxyl
B) sulfhydryl
C) hydroxyl
D) amino
67) Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base?
A) hydroxyl
B) carbonyl
C) carboxyl
D) amino
E) phosphate
68) Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
A) C3H8
B) C2H6
C) CH4
D) C2H4
E) C2H2
69) Choose the term that correctly describes the relationship between these two sugar molecules:
A) structural isomers
B) cis–trans isomers
C) enantiomers
D) isotopes
Answer the following questions based on the figure below.
70) Identify the asymmetric carbon in this molecule.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
71) Which action could produce a carbonyl group?
A) the replacement of the OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen
B) the addition of a thiol to a hydroxyl
C) the addition of a hydroxyl to a phosphate
D) the replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen
E) the addition of a sulfhydryl to a carboxyl