1. Attitudes are an important factor in organizational behavior because:
a. they are not measurable.
b. they are responsible only for the negative behavior of employees at work.
c. they are closely linked to behavior.
d. they can be measured only by observation.
2. An individual’s psychological tendency expressed by evaluating an entity with some degree of favor or disfavor
reflects:
a. an attitude.
b. one’s mood.
c. values.
d. ethics.
3. Which of the following sentences is NOT an indication of affect?
a. He believes that young employees are error prone.
b. She dislikes eating lunch in the company cafeteria.
c. He prefers group discussion.
d. She likes the new phone system.
4. Asking an employee whether he or she would use a new computer software package is an attempt to determine:
a. affect.
b. cognition.
c. the emotional component of attitude.
d. behavioral intention.
5. When one‘s attitudes and required job behavior conflict, may occur.
a. affect
b. attitude consonance
c. social learning
d. cognitive dissonance
6. Attitudes are learned and two major influences include:
a. repeated behavior and emotions.
b. direct experience and social learning.
c. cognitive dissonance and negative affectivity.
d. moods and emotional intelligence.
7. A major reason why attitudes derived from direct experience are so powerful is because:
a. such attitudes are not resistant to change.
b. they are easily accessed and are active in our cognitive processes.
c. they are accessible through the left part of the brain which is more intuitive.
d. of the behavioral intention component of an attitude.
8. The attitude-behavior connection is much closer when:
a. attitudes are general.
b. attitude measurement is done very close to the behavior of interest.
c. one‘s personality exhibits high self-monitoring.
d. the social context doesn’t reinforce the relationship between attitudes and behavior.
9. Assume you are a supervisor who strongly endorses keeping an open line of communication with your employees.
You always keep your office door open, and you instruct your secretary to not screen phone calls from employees.
These conditions include:
a. attitude specificity.
b. cognitive dissonance.
c. little connection between attitudes and appropriate behavior.
d. non–compliance with social constraints.
10. If an individual from a country holds a negative attitude toward women in management because of a cultural belief
system, but does not reflect behavior consistent with that attitude in a group, the link between the attitude-behavior
is probably weak because:
a. the measurement timing is poor.
b. of social constraints.
c. the individual is a low self-monitor.
d. of low attitude relevance.
11. If a salesperson is required to sell a defective TV set but believes this act to be unethical, he or she would:
a. experience self– monitoring.
b. experience the discomfort of cognitive dissonance.
c. need to be at Kohlberg’s 5th level of cognitive development in order to resolve the conflict between attitudes
and behavior.
d. experience social learning.
12. A pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one‘s job or job experiences reflects:
a. job involvement.
b. job satisfaction.
c. loyalty.
d. job morale.
13. The JDI measures:
a. job performance.
b. attitude specificity.
c. employee absenteeism.
d. job satisfaction.
14. Job satisfaction and employee performance are likely to be positively related when:
a. pay is linked to attendance.
b. managers work hard to keep employees happy and use a non-participative style of management.
c. rewards are valued by employees and are tied directly to performance.
d. employee turnover is high.
15. When an employee remains with a firm because he or she faces significant exit barriers, this can be characterized
as:
a. organizational citizenship.
b. withdrawal syndrome.
c. continuance commitment.
d. dysfunctional attachment.
16. Employee loyalty toward the organization is a significant factor in:
a. job displacement.
b. continuance commitment.
c. affective commitment.
d. employee turnover.
17. Job satisfaction has been shown to be related to organizational citizenship, which is:
a. the tendency to exhibit strong ethical behavior.
b. behavior that is above and beyond the call of duty on behalf of an organization.
c. organizational commitment based on the fact that an individual cannot afford to leave.
d. the tendency to look for the positive within organizations.
18. Which of the following statements is true regarding job satisfaction and organizational commitment?
a. They are reciprocally related.
b. They are strongly positively related.
c. Organizational commitment moderates the relationship between job satisfaction and performance.
d. There is a curvilinear relationship between the two variables.
19. The strength of an individual‘s identification with an organization is known as:
a. organizational citizenship behavior.
b. organizational commitment.
c. continuance commitment.
d. behavioral commitment.
20. Which of the following is NOT a type of organizational commitment?
a. Affective
b. Continuance
c. Normative
d. Citizenship
21. The type of organizational commitment that is based on an individual‘s desire to remain in an organization is called
_____.
a. intentional commitment
b. normative commitment
c. affective commitment
d. attitudinal commitment
22. Counterproductive behavior that violates organizational norms and causes harms to others in an organization is
known as:
a. OCB.
b. WDB.
c. JDI.
d. MSQ.
23. Which of the following types of behaviors did actor Charlie Sheen of “Two and a Half Men” best reflect when he
went on a highly publicized rant against the show?
a. WDB
b. OCB
c. MSQ
d. JDI
24. Which of the following individuals is most likely to be persuaded to change?
a. A low self-esteem individual
b. An individual who holds an extreme attitude
c. A high self-esteem individual
d. Someone who is in the peripheral route of a persuasion attempt
25. The three major aspects of the source characteristic affecting persuasion include:
a. expertise, credibility, and charisma.
b. credibility, charisma, and attractiveness.
c. expertise, charisma, and attractiveness.
d. expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness.
26. The two major cognitive routes to persuasion include:
a. the direct and central.
b. the direct and peripheral.
c. the central and circular.
d. the central and peripheral.
27. The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion proposes that:
a. persuasion occurs through command-and–control management.
b. the likelihood that an attitude will change is largely dependent on the amount of time spent attempting to
change the attitude.
c. attitudinal change is a function of three interactive routes, physical, mental, and visual.
d. persuasion occurs over two routes, the central and the peripheral.
28. Jim is a salesperson who focuses on nonverbal cues when working with a client. Jim will be more successful if he:
a. appears eager when the client appears eager.
b. appears subdued when the client is more eager.
c. appears to have higher self-esteem than his client.
d. presents only the positive consequences of purchasing his product.
29. The process of managing emotions in order to fit the rules of the job would be considered emotional:
a. effort.
b. contagion.
c. labor.
d. conflict.
30. A flight attendant who is expected to act cheerful and happy as a part of the job would likely experience:
a. emotional deviance.
b. positive emotional contagion.
c. emotional labor.
d. a decrease in emotional intelligence.
31. Discrete and fairly short-lived feelings with a specific, known cause defines .
a. emotions
b. moods
c. attitudes
d. emotional contagion
32. When JetBlue flight attendant Steven Slater ranted and exited the airplane and Serena Williams, playing for the
U.S. Open, lambasted a referee causing her to lose the match, they were reflecting:
a. emotional contagion.
b. OCB.
c. amygdala highjack.
d. surface acting emotional labor.
33. Emotional intelligence refers to the:
a. ability to recognize and manage emotions in oneself and in others.
b. discrepancy between one’s felt emotion and one’s expressed emotion.
c. dynamic process through which the emotions of one person are transferred to another either consciously or
unconsciously through nonverbal channels.
d. ability to recognize whether a central or peripheral route to persuasion would be more useful in persuading
individuals to change their attitude.
34. Acting in ways consistent with one’s personal values and the commonly held values of the organization and society
is called:
a. emotional behavior.
b. ethical behavior.
c. cognitive behavior.
d. loyal behavior.
35. Which two major factors influence ethical behavior?
a. Religion and emotional intelligence
b. The law of the land and personal intelligence
c. Emotions and moods
d. Individual characteristics and organizational factors
36. Which of the following qualities has NOT been suggested as important to making ethical decisions?
a. Competence to identify issues
b. Self-confidence to seek out different opinions
c. Tough-mindedness
d. Attractiveness
37. An enduring belief that a particular behavior or end state of existence is preferred is known as a(n) .
a. message
b. value
c. ethic
d. attitude
38. All of the following are considered terminal values except:
a. wisdom.
b. achievement.
c. self-control.
d. equality.
39. Which of the following is not an instrumental value?
a. Helpfulness
b. Independence
c. Self-respect
d. Courage
40. The goals to be achieved, or the end states of existence, are called .
a. instrumental values
b. terminal values
c. lifelong values
d. permanent values
41. Recent research found that four values exerted the most influence on job choice decisions. Which of the following
is NOT one of those values?
a. Achievement
b. Concern for others
c. Fairness
d. Pay
42. Which of the following work values is LEAST relevant to individuals?
a. Honesty
b. Fairness
c. Concern for others
d. Professionalism