43. What type of work culture would you most likely find in Iran, a predominantly collectivist country?
a. Individualist culture
b. Work culture based on task accomplishment
c. Work culture based on contributions to relationships
d. Work culture that is highly structured
44. Persons with an internal locus of control:
a. believe that fate affects their circumstances.
b. accept others controlling them.
c. take personal responsibility for their situation.
d. can easily succumb to social and peer pressure.
45. Which of the following statements is the most accurate one?
a. Locus of control has little to do with ethical behavior.
b. Other people control persons who are strong on internal locus of control.
c. Persons with an internal locus of control make more ethical decisions than others.
d. Individuals with an internal locus of control are more likely to exhibit uncontrollable behavior.
46. High-Mach persons are better at:
a. cheating.
b. accepting orders from others.
c. loyalty.
d. building strong interpersonal relationships.
47. High-Machs:
a. believe that any means justify the desired ends.
b. are less willing to manipulate others.
c. exhibit very strong corporate loyalty.
d. are easily manipulated by others.
48. Low-Mach persons value:
a. loyal and personal friendships.
b. the “get it done anyway” mentality.
c. manipulation of others.
d. emotional detachment.
49. A personality characteristic indicating one‘s willingness to do whatever it takes to get one’s own way is considered:
a. low in cognitive moral development.
b. Machiavellianism.
c. a high self-monitor.
d. altruism.
50. According to research on Kohlberg’s model of cognitive moral development, individuals at higher development
stages are:
a. more likely to cheat.
b. more likely to put expediency before ethics.
c. not able to distinguish right from wrong.
d. more likely to engage in whistle-blowing.
51. In Stage 6 of Kohlberg‘s cognitive moral development model, individuals:
a. obey rules to avoid punishment.
b. control others.
c. focus on the expectations of others.
d. follow self-selected ethical principles.
52. Affect is the cognitive component of an attitude.
a. True
b. False
53. The acronym ABC in the ABC Model stands for attitude, behavioral intention, and commitment.
a. True
b. False
54. Cognitive dissonance is a state of tension produced when an individual experiences conflict between attitudes and
behavior.
a. True
b. False
55. It is generally agreed that attitudes are not learned but are developed early in childhood before the age of five.
a. True
b. False
56. The longer the time between measuring an attitude and observing behavior, the weaker the relationship of an
attitude with observed behavior.
a. True
b. False
57. Substantial social learning occurs through cognitive dissonance.
a. True
b. False
58. Direct experience with something strongly influences attitudes toward it.
a. True
b. False
59. The characteristics of individuals affect job satisfaction.
a. True
b. False
60. Managers and employees typically hold the view that productivity at work will lead to job satisfaction.
a. True
b. False
61. Well paid individuals have been found to be trivially more satisfied with their jobs than relatively poorly paid
individuals.
a. True
b. False
62. Job satisfaction has been shown to NOT be affected or influenced by culture.
a. True
b. False
63. Behavior that is considered above and beyond the call of duty on behalf of the organization is known as
organizational citizenship behavior.
a. True
b. False
64. The type of dissatisfaction that most often causes employee absenteeism is dissatisfaction with the work itself.
a. True
b. False
65. Normative commitment is often based on an individual’s sense of obligation to an organization.
a. True
b. False
66. A message is more likely to be accepted if it comes from a credible source.
a. True
b. False
67. Persuasion is more successful when messages are framed with the same emotion as that felt by the receiver.
a. True
b. False
68. Honesty and helpfulness are instrumental values that may facilitate the terminal value of social respect.
a. True
b. False
69. The tension produced by a conflict between attitudes and behavior is cognitive dissonance.
a. True
b. False
70. Courts have generally agreed that the use of software such as “LittleBrother” is a violation of an employee’s
privacy.
a. True
b. False
71. Kohlberg’s cognitive moral development model has been criticized because it does not take into account gender
differences.
a. True
b. False
72. Briefly explain the ABC model and provide an example of each model element.
73. What aspects of one’s existence and environment shape attitudes?
74. Briefly discuss the relationship between job satisfaction and performance. Are satisfied workers more productive or
are productive workers more satisfied?
75. What elements need to be present in order for one’s influence attempt to be successful?
Match the following:
a. The emotional component of an attitude
b. Reflects a person’s perceptions and beliefs
c. A conflict between attitudes and behavior
d. Acquisition of attitudes through observing others
e. An object or person that is a powerful influence on attitudes
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ORGB.NELS.15.04.01
ORGB.NELS.15.04.02
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – Ohio – DISC: Leadership Principles
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
76. Direct experience
77. Cognition
78. Affect
79. Modeling
80. Cognitive dissonance
Match the following:
a. A good feeling about one’s job and work
b. An instrument using a five-point scale for measuring job satisfaction
c. An employee‘s intention to remain as an organizational member because of a strong desire to do so
d. A source characteristic of a message
e. Involves direct cognitive processing of a message’s content
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ORGB.NELS.15.04.04
ORGB.NELS.15.04.05
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – Ohio – DISC: Leadership Principles
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
81. Affective commitment
82. MSQ
83. Expertise
84. Central Route
85. Job satisfaction
Match the following:
a. Behavior consistent with one’s personal values and those of society
b. An example of unethical behavior
c. The study of moral values and moral behavior
d. A highly valued outcome
e. Choosing between two or more equally desirable or undesirable options
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ORGB.NELS.15.04.07
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – Ohio – DISC: Leadership Principles
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
86. Ethical dilemma
87. Cheating
88. Ethical behavior
89. Reward
90. Ethics
Match the following:
a. Enduring belief about socially preferable conduct
b. A personality characteristic involving one’s willingness to do whatever it takes to get one’s own way
c. The process of moving through stages of maturity with regard to making ethical decisions
d. Represents a goal to be achieved
e. Represents acceptable behavior to be followed in achieving end state
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ORGB.NELS.15.04.08
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – Ohio – DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
91. Machiavellianism
92. Cognitive moral development
93. Terminal value
94. Instrumental value
95. Value
96. Wisdom
97. The Prince
98. Deviance
99. Ambition
100. Cognitive moral development