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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the numeric integration feature on your calculator to find the integral.
Provide the proper response.
If we decide to use the substitution u = x2+ e, then which of the following might be necessary?
i) du = 2x dx
ii) x2= u – e
iii) du = 2ex dx
iv) du =2x
3 dx
Evaluate the indefinite integral.
x5
5x4+12x –7+x4x5
5+6x2–7x + C
Rate of change of population
Total increase in population
Approximate the area under the graph of f(x) over the specified interval by dividing the interval into the indicated
number of subintervals and using the left endpoint of each subinterval.
f(x) = 0.1x4–x2+ 3; interval [0, 4]; 4 subintervals
3
2x x2+6+6 ln x +x2+6+ C
3
2x x2+54 +54 ln x +x2+54 + C
1
2x 9x2+54 +54 ln x +9x2+54 + C
1
2x x2+6+6 ln x +x2+6+ C
12,206.25; the shaded area above the x–axis minus the shaded area below the x–axis is equal
to 12,206.25.
10.25; the total shaded area is equal to 10.25
12,206.25; the total shaded area is equal to 12,206.25.
10.25; the shaded area above the x–axis minus the shaded area below the x–axis is equal to
10.25.
A manufacturer determined that its marginal cost per unit produced is given by the function
C'(x) = 0.0006x2– 0.4x +87.
Find the total cost of producing the 401st unit through the 500th unit.
Satterfield Pavement’s marginal cost, in dollars, of paving a road with asphalt is given by
C'(x) =3
8x2–25x +2200, for x 20,
where x is measured in hundreds of feet. Use 4 subintervals over [0, 10] and the left endpoint of
each subinterval to approximate the total cost of paving 1000 feet of road.
x = 0, x = 1, y = x2+ 6, y = x2+ 2
ln (x) – 7 ln (ln (x) + 7) + C
ln (x) + x + 7 ln (ln (x) + 7) + C
A particle moves so that its velocity (in m/s) is given by v = 2te–t, where t is the time (in seconds).
Find the distance traveled between t = 0 and t =5.
The time required for workers to produce each unit of a product decreases as the workers become
more familiar with the production procedure. It is determined that the function for the learning
process is
T(x) = 2 + 0.3 1
x ,
where T(x) is the time, in hours, required to produce the xth unit. Find the time required for a new
worker to produce units 10 through 19.
The rate at which an assembly line worker’s efficiency E (expressed as a percent) changes with
respect to time t is given by E'(t) =75 –6t, where t is the number of hours since the worker’s shift
began. Assuming that E(1) =92, find E(t).
If r(t) is the rate of change of sales, then b
ar(t) dt is
i) the total sales up to time b.
ii) the total sales from time a to time b.
iii) the change in sales at any time.
Both i and ii could be correct.
Given the rate of change f'(x) of a quantity f(x), b
af'(x) dx represents
i) the total change of f(x) between y = a and y = b.
ii) the total change of f(x) between x = a and x = b.
iii) the partial change of f(x) between x = a and x = b.
Both i and ii could be correct.
Find the area under the graph of the function over the interval given.
In defining the definite integral for f(x) on the interval [a,b], we compute x =(b – a)
n. If the
integral is being used to define area under a curve, then what does x represent?
It represents the height of the rectangle used to approximate the area.
It represents the width of the rectangles used to approximate the area.
It represents the width of the single rectangle used to approximate the area.
1
6 ln e2x – 3
e2x + 3 + C
1
18 ln ex– ln 3
ex+ ln 3+ C
–2
3x(6 – x)3/2 –2
5(6 – x)5/2 + C
–2
3x(6 – x)3/2 +4
15(6 – x)5/2 + C
2
3x(6 – x)3/2 +4
15(6 – x)5/2 + C
–2
3x(6 – x)3/2 –4
15(6 – x)5/2 + C
The rate of growth of a microbe population is given by m'(x) = 30xe2x,where x is time in days.
What is the change in population in the first 3 days?
A company finds that its marginal revenue from the sale of the xth unit of its product is given by
R'(x) =7x2–4. Assuming that R(0) = 0, find the total–revenue function R.
Which integral has a value of zero?
i) b
br(t) dt ii) b
–bt3 dt
iii) b
0t3 dt , where b > 0 iv) 10
bt3 dt , where b < 0
f(x) = 0.2x3+ 0.3x2– 0.5x – 1; interval [2, 5]; 3 subintervals
If r(t) is the rate of change of revenue, then b
ar(t) dt is
i) the total revenue up to time b.
ii) the total revenue from time a to time b.
iii) the change in revenue at any time.
Both i and ii could be correct.
Write summation notation for the expression.
The area under the graph of f over the interval [–2, 2]
f(x) =5–x2,if x < 0,
5, if x 0
The rate of growth of profit (in millions) from an invention is approximated by P'(x) = xe–x2, where
x represents time in years. The total profit in year 2 that the invention is in operation is $15,000.
Find the total profit function P(x).
Find the area of the region bounded by y =x3–27x +5, the x–axis, and the first coordinates of the
relative maximum and minimum values of the function.
The rate of water usage for a business, in gallons per day, is given by W(t) =621te–t, where t = the
number of hours since midnight. Approximately how many gallons of water does the business use
in the first 6 hours of the day?
The flow of blood in a blood vessel is faster toward the center of the vessel and slower toward the
outside. The speed of the blood is given by
V =p
4Lv(R2–r2),
where R is the radius of the blood vessel, r is the distance of the blood from the center of the vessel,
and p, v, and L are physical constants related to the pressure and viscosity of the blood and the
length of the blood vessel. If R is constant, we can think of V as a function of r:
V(r) =p
4Lv(R2–r2).
The total blood flow, Q, is given by
Q =R
02· V(r) · r · dr .
Find Q for a blood vessel of radius R =1.6 mm.
The rate of change of the population of a town is given by
P'(t) =1.9t
t –6,t > 10,
where P is the population in thousands t years after 1970. Find the function P(t) given that the
population in 1999 is 142 thousand.
P(t) =1.9t +1.9 ln (t –6) +81
P(t) =142
(t –6)2+1.9 ln (t –6) +51
P(t) =1.9t +11.4 ln (t –6) +51
P(t) =11.4
t –6+ ln (t –6) +51
(x2 – x) ln (3x) – x2+ x + C
(x2– x) ln (3x) –x2
2+ 2x + C
x2
2– x ln (3x) –x2
4+ x + C
(x2– x) ln (3x) –x2
2+ x + C
The velocity of particle A t seconds after its release is given by
va(t) =8.3t –0.5t2 (meters per second).
The velocity of particle B t seconds after its release is given by
vb(t) =11.4t –0.4t2 (meters per second).
How much farther does particle B travel than particle A during the first ten seconds (from t = 0 to t
= 10)? Round to the nearest meter.
Position in miles from starting point
Final velocity in miles per hour
Distance traveled in miles
Acceleration in miles per hour per hour
16
3; the shaded area above the x–axis minus the shaded area below the x–axis is equal to 16
3.
–16
3; the shaded area above the x–axis minus the shaded area below the x–axis is equal to –
16
3.
38
3; the total shaded area is equal to 38
3.
16
3; the total shaded area is equal to 16
3.
Find the area of the shaded region.
f(x) =x3+x2– 6x, g(x) = 6x
1
16 ln(4x +6) +6
4x +6+ C
1
36 ln(6x +4) +4
6x +4+ C
Suppose that a velocity function is given by s‘(t) =7t4. Find the position function s(t) if s(0) =6.
Creamy Bugs Yogurt has found that the cost, in dollars per pound, of the yogurt it produces, is
C'(x) = –0.003x +5.50, for x 300,
where x is the number of pounds of yogurt produced. Find the total cost of producing 280 pounds
of yogurt.
10
3x3/2 ln x–10
9x3/2 + C
10
3x3/2 ln x–5
3x3/2 + C
10
3x3/2 ln x+10
9x3/2 + C
Find the area of the region bounded by y = 2x4–9x2, the x–axis, and the first coordinates of the
two relative minimum values of the function.
The rate of growth of a microbe population is given by m'(x) = 30xe2x, where x is time in days.
What is the growth after 1 day?
216 +5x –4 ln 16 +5x –4
16 +5x +4+ C
16 +5x + ln 16 +5x –4
16 +5x +4+ C
216 +5x +4 ln 16 +5x –4
16 +5x +4+ C
f(x) = 0.02x3+ 11; interval [–8, 0]; 4 subintervals
The rate of growth of a microbe population is given by m'(x) = 30xe2x, where x is time in days.
What is the net growth between day 1 and day 3?
Rejoyne Inc. has a marginal–profit function given by
P'(x) = –3x +140, where P'(x) is in dollars per unit.
This means that the rate of change of total profit with respect to the number of units produced, x, is
P'(x). Find the total profit from the production and sale of the first 40 units.
16; the shaded area above the x–axis minus the shaded area below the x–axis equals 16.
16; the shaded area above the x–axis plus the shaded area below the x–axis equals 16.
4; the shaded area above the x–axis minus the shaded area below the x–axis equals 4.
0; the shaded area above the x–axis is equal to the shaded area below the x–axis.
Red Plains Roasting has found that the cost, in dollars per pound, of the peanuts it roasts, is
C'(x) = –0.015x +6.50, for x 500,
where x is the number of pounds of peanuts roasted. Find the total cost of roasting 250 pounds of
peanuts.
f'(x) =5x2– 7x + 4, f(0) = 2
f(x) =5
3x3–7
2x2+ 4x – 4
f(x) =5
3x3+7
2x2+ 4x + 2
f(x) =5
3x3–7
2x2+ 4x + 2
f(x) =5
3x3–7
2x2+ 4x – 2
x(2x +4)1/2 –1
3(2x +4)3/2 + C
4x(2x +4)1/2 +4
3(2x +4)3/2 + C
4x(2x +4)1/2 –(2x +4)3/2 + C
4x(2x +4)1/2 –4
3(2x +4)3/2 + C
If f(x) 0 on the interval [a,b], then b
af(x) dx represents
i) the area to the right of the y–axis between y = a and y = b.
ii) the area above the x–axis between x = a and x = b.
iii) the area below the x–axis between x = a and x = b.
Both ii and iii could be correct.
5; the total shaded area is equal to 5.
3; the shaded area above the x–axis minus the shaded area below the x–axis is equal to 3.
23
3; the total shaded area is equal to 23
3.
23
3; the shaded area above the x–axis minus the shaded area below the x–axis is equal to 23
3.
A computer manufacturer finds that the marginal supply for its new laptop computer satisfies the
function
S'(p) =110p
(27 – p)2,
where S is the quantity purchased when the price is p hundred dollars. Find the supply function
S(p) given that the company will sell 730 computers when the price is 18 hundred dollars.
S(p) =2970
(27 – p)2+ 110 ln (27 – p) + 180
S(p) =2970
27 – p + 110 ln (27 – p) + 158
S(p) =2970
(27 – p)2+ 110 ln (27 – p) + 158
S(p) =2970
27 – p + 110 ln (27 – p) + 180
1
1 – n x1 – n ln x –1
(1 – n)(2 – n)x2 – n + C
1
1 – n x1 – n ln x +1
(1 – n)2x1 – n + C
1
1 – n x1 – n ln x –1
(1 – n)2x1 – n + C
A car manufacturer finds that the marginal supply for its new station wagon satisfies the function
S'(p) =–7800
p(p –11) ,
where S is the quantity purchased in one town when the price is p thousand dollars. Find the
supply function S(p) given that the company will sell 622 cars when the price is 23 thousand
dollars.
S(p) =1
p –11 +7800
11 ln p
p –11 +161
S(p) =7800
11 p + 85,800 ln (p –11) +161
S(p) =7800
11 ln p
p –11 +161
S(p) =7800
11 ln (p –11) +161
Area in square centimeters
2
3x2(x2+10)3/2 +4
15(x2+10)5/2 + C
2x2(x2+10)3/2 –2(x2+10)5/2 + C
2
3x(x2+10)3/2 –4
5(x2+10)7/2 + C
2
3x2(x2+10)3/2 –4
15(x2+10)5/2 + C
f(x) =x3+x2+ 1; interval [0, 4]; 4 subintervals
Accent Woodworkers knows that their marginal cost of producing x feet of custom molding is
given by
C'(x) = –0.00004x2–0.05x +90, for x 1000,
where C'(x) is in cents. Approximate their total cost, in dollars, of manufacturing 1000 feet of
molding, using 5 subintervals over [0, 1000] and the left endpoint of each subinterval.
–1
15; the area bounded by the x–axis and the graph of y =x2–x4 is –1
15.
–2
15; the area bounded by the x–axis and the graph of y =x2–x4 is –2
15.
4
15; the area bounded by the x–axis and the graph of y =x2–x4 is 4
15.
2
15; the area bounded by the x–axis and the graph of y =x2–x4 is 2
15.
f(x) =x3+ 2x2– 3x, g(x) = 0
Areas of complicated regions are estimated by filling in with shapes whose area is easy to compute.
The shape that is most often used in defining the definite integral is ? .
A kitchen remodeling company determines that the marginal cost, in dollars per foot, of installing
x feet of kitchen countertop is given by
C'(x) = 7x–1/3.
Find the cost of installing an extra 13 feet of countertop after 30 feet have already been ordered.
A particle is released during an experiment. Its speed t minutes after release is given by
v(t) = –0.25t2+ 8t,
where v(t) is in kilometers per minute. How far does the particle travel during the first 14 minutes?
–9
4; the area between the x–axis and the graph of y =x3– 4x over the interval [–1, 0] minus
the area between the x–axis and the graph of y =x3– 4x over the interval [0, 2] is –9
4.
9; the area under the graph of y =x3– 4x over the interval [–1, 2] is 9.
3; the area between the x–axis and the graph of y =x3– 4x over the interval [–1, 0] minus the
area between the x–axis and the graph of y =x3– 4x over the interval [0, 2] is 3.
–9
4; the area between the x–axis and the graph of y =x3– 4x over the interval [–1, 2] is –9
4.
f(x) = –9, g(x) =x2– 2x + 1
x = 0, x = –2, y = ex, y = 0
f(x) =x2+ 2x –3, g(x) = 2x +1
x = –1.4142136 and x =1.41421356
y = x2– 5x + 4, y = –(x – 1)2
f(x) = –0.02x4– 0.2x2+ 10; interval [–4, 4]; 4 subintervals
Total area in square feet
Hatts and Company determines that its marginal cost, in dollars per hat, is given by
C'(x) = – 1
40x +40, for x 350.
Find the total cost of producing the first 260 hats.
The first derivative of a person’s body temperature, with respect to the dosage of x milligrams of a
drug, is given by D'(x) =8
x + 2. One milligram raises the temperature 3.2° C. Find the function D(x)
giving the total change in temperature as a function of x.
The area under the graph of f over the interval [–3, 5]
f(x) =4, if x < 1,
4x2,if x 1
Find a company’s total–cost function if its marginal cost function is C'(x) =5x2– 7x + 4 and C(6) =
260.
C(x) =5
3x3–7
2x2+ 4x – 260
C(x) =5
3x3–7
2x2+ 4x – 2
C(x) =5
3x3–7
2x2+ 4x + 260
C(x) =5
3x3–7
2x2+ 4x + 2
A company finds that consumer demand quantity changes with respect to price at a rate given by
D'(p) = – 2000
p2. Find the demand function if the company knows that 834 units of the product are
demanded when the price is $5 per unit.
A well–drilling company finds that its marginal profit, in dollars, from drilling a well that is x feet
deep is given by
P'(x) =3x.
Find the company’s profit from drilling a well that is 220 feet deep.
Write summation notation for the expression.
h(x1) +h(x2) +h(x3) +h(x4) +h(x5) +h(x6)
3
–1(x4+ 2x3– 2x2– x – 1) dx
An object moves in such a way that its velocity (in meters per second) after time t (in seconds) is
given by
v = t2+ 4t + 3.
Find the distance traveled by the object during the first four seconds.
A car accelerates at a constant rate from 0 mph to 59 mph in 30 seconds. How far does the car travel
during this time?
Suppose that in a memory experiment the rate of memorizing is given by
M'(t) = –0.006t2+ 0.4t,
where M'(t) is the memory rate, in words per minute. How many words are memorized in the first
20 minutes (from t = 0 to t =20)?
In town A, the birth rate is given by
b'(t) =51e0.27t (births per year),
where t is the number of years since 2000. In town B, the birth rate is given by
B'(t) =85e0.42t (births per year),
where t is the number of years since 2000. How many more births are there in town B than in town
A from 2000 to 2010 (from t = 0 to t = 10)?
f(x1) +f(x2) + . . . +f(x20)
3x (ln x)2–6x ln x –6x + C
x (ln x)2– 2x ln x + 2x + C
3x (ln x)2–6x ln x +6x + C
A company has found that its expenditure rate per day (in hundreds of dollars) on a certain type of
job is given by E'(x) =12x + 12, where x is the number of days since the start of the job. Find the
expenditure if the job takes 7 days.