107) The eight steps of decision making ________.
A) can only be employed by individuals
B) can only be employed in very small groups
C) can be employed by individuals and groups
D) can only be employed by groups
108) One advantage of group decision making is that it usually provides ________ than
individual decision making.
A) faster decisions
B) more ethical decisions
C) less confusion
D) more information
109) Group decisions generally feature ________ acceptance than decisions made by an
individual.
A) greater
B) less
C) neither greater nor less
D) more enthusiastic
110) Group decision making typically increases the legitimacy of a decision because the decision
was made ________.
A) over a long period of time
B) democratically
C) by experts
D) primarily by the group leader
111) Decisions made by individuals typically suffer from suspicions that the decision maker
________.
A) is dishonest
B) is not rational
C) did not try to analyze the situation
D) did not consult all interested parties
112) Seeking the views of a diverse group of people can provide a decision maker with
________ on issues.
A) fresh perspectives
B) conventional wisdom
C) universal agreement
D) a foolproof way to get the perfect answer
113) Which of the following is a drawback to seeking diverse views in decision making?
A) less reliable decision
B) easier decision-making process
C) more time consuming
D) less time consuming
114) What tends to be the most successful group size?
A) ten to twenty-five
B) five to seven
C) twelve to twenty-five
D) three to twelve
115) Groups decisions are usually ________ individual decisions.
A) more efficient than
B) less efficient than
C) equal in efficiency to
D) more efficient but less effective than
116) Since all members of a group are rarely equal in status, most groups suffer from ________.
A) minority domination
B) majority domination
C) too much diversity
D) gridlock
117) ________ can cause people in a group to fail to express their true opinions.
A) Ambiguous responsibility
B) Group imbalance
C) Pressure to conform
D) Years of experience
118) Which of the following is a primary characteristic of groupthink?
A) conflict among group members
B) failure to reach consensus within a group
C) complete conformity among group members
D) candidness and openness within a group
119) Which of the following is NOT a factor that can increase the probability of groupthink?
A) Influential group members dominate the discussion and the decision-making process.
B) Group leaders stress the importance of consensus above all other concerns.
C) The group has more than 40 group members.
D) Group leaders solicit ideas from all group members without passing judgment on their ideas.
120) Which of the following is NOT a way to minimize groupthink?
A) give the leader more power in making decisions
B) encourage cohesion
C) have an impartial leader
D) foster open discussion
121) Which of the following group techniques is relatively simple and is used exclusively to
generate creative ideas in a group setting?
A) brainstorming
B) nominal group technique
C) groupthink
D) electronic meetings
122) Which of the following is NOT allowed in a brainstorming session?
A) clear definition of the problem
B) criticism or dismissal of poor ideas
C) large number of alternatives
D) recording of all alternatives
123) Which of the following group techniques allows group members to meet together, but at the
same time facilitates independent decision making?
A) brainstorming
B) nominal group technique
C) large meetings of over 50 individuals
D) small meetings of less than 10 individuals
124) The ________ blends the nominal group technique with sophisticated computer technology.
A) personal meeting
B) electronic meeting
C) virtual meeting
D) preliminary meeting
125) What advantages does videoconferencing provide for group decision making?
A) anonymous expression of opinions
B) less groupthink
C) less minority domination
D) savings on travel and time
126) The second step in the decision-making process is identifying a problem.
127) Group decisions tend to provide more complete information than individual decisions.
128) An advantage of group decisions is that they increase the perception of the legitimacy of the
solution.
129) A drawback of group decision making is groupthink.
130) Groups tend to be more efficient and less effective than individual decision making.
131) Two major advantages of electronic meetings are anonymity and honesty.
132) In a short essay, identify and explain the advantages and disadvantages of group decision
making.
133) In a short essay, describe how brainstorming can help avoid groupthink and enhance
creativity in group decision making.
134) In a short essay, describe how nominal group technique can help avoid groupthink and
enhance creativity in group decision making.
135) In a short essay, describe how electronic meetings can help avoid groupthink and enhance
creativity in group decision making.
136) Mid-level managers in a country with high power distance are ________ than managers
from a low power distance country.
A) more likely to make risky decisions
B) less likely to make risky decisions
C) less likely to make safe, conservative decisions
D) more likely to disagree with their leaders’ decisions
137) Mid-level managers in a country with low uncertainty avoidance are ________ than
managers from a high uncertainty avoidance country.
A) more likely to make risky decisions
B) less likely to make risky decisions
C) less likely to make foolish decisions
D) more likely to avoid making decisions
138) Individualistic countries like the United States tend to have ________ than group-oriented
countries like Japan.
A) more conformity and more cooperation
B) more conformity and less cooperation
C) less conformity and more cooperation
D) less conformity and less cooperation
139) The use of ringisei in Japanese organizations reflects which of the following values in
Japanese culture?
A) tradition-following
B) consensus-seeking
C) risk taking
D) go-it-alone
140) French management style tends to be ________ in style.
A) permissive
B) group oriented
C) rule following
D) autocratic
141) When dealing with international organizations, managers must be ________ in order to
accommodate the managing styles of different cultures.
A) as flexible as possible
B) as inflexible as possible
C) as strict as possible
D) as thorough as possible
142) ________ helps people find better solutions to problems using innovative problem-solving
methods.
A) Planning
B) Creativity
C) Organization
D) Structure
143) According to one study, about ________ of men and women were somewhat creative.
A) 1 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 30 percent
D) 60 percent
144) One well-accepted model states that individual creativity requires ________, or a
commanding understanding of a subject matter.
A) expertise
B) task motivation
C) high interest
D) intuition
145) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a creative problem solver?
A) self confidence
B) tolerance for ambiguity
C) frustrates easily
D) accepts risks readily
146) Which of the following traits do all creative people seem to share?
A) They like to save time.
B) They get along well with others.
C) They love their work.
D) They don’t like to work hard.
147) Which of the following tends to impede a person’s creativity?
A) providing time and resources
B) clearly defined goals
C) being watched while you work
D) internal motivation
148) A country with high uncertainty avoidance and high power distance is more likely to
engage in groupthink than a country with low uncertainty avoidance and low power distance.
149) Creativity is valued because it helps identify new and viable alternatives that have not
previously been considered.
150) In a short essay, discuss why creativity is important to decision making. Describe a
situation in which a creative solution is used to solve a problem.