Chapter 37: Microcomputer Basics
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The ____ decode(s) each instruction that enters the computer.
a.
control unit
c.
memory
b.
arithmetic logic unit
d.
input and output units
2. ____ is the area where programs are stored.
a.
Input/Output
c.
Memory
b.
Control unit
d.
Arithmetic logic unit
3. A(n) ____ is designed so that an instruction, or program, can be fetched from memory, placed in the
instruction register, and decoded.
a.
microcontroller
c.
arithmetic logic unit
b.
microprocessor
d.
control unit
4. The ____, the register most often used in the microprocessor, is used to receive or store data from
memory or an I/O device.
a.
accumulator
c.
program counter
b.
condition-code register
d.
stack pointer
5. The ____ is a 16-bit register that contains the address of the instruction fetched from memory.
a.
accumulator
c.
stack pointer
b.
condition-code register
d.
program counter
6. ____ instructions move data from one location to another within the microprocessor and memory.
a.
Logic
c.
Program-control
b.
Data movement
d.
Rotate and shift
7. ____ instructions are those instructions that contain one or more of the following Boolean operators:
AND, OR, and exclusive OR.
a.
Program-control
c.
Logic
b.
Rotate and shift
d.
Stack
8. ____ instructions change the data in a register or memory by moving the data to the right or left one
bit.
a.
Logic
c.
Rotate and shift
b.
Data movement
d.
Stack
9. ____ instructions change the content of the program counter.
a.
Logic
c.
Rotate and shift
b.
Data movement
d.
Program-control
10. ____ instructions allow the storage and retrieval of different microprocessor registers in the stack.
a.
Stack
c.
Rotate and shift
b.
Program-control
d.
Logic
COMPLETION
1. The largest computers are called ____________________.
2. The ____________________ is the smallest and least expensive of the digital computers that still
retains all the features and characteristics of a computer.
3. A(n) ____________________ is a signal from an external device requesting service in the form of
receiving or transmitting data.
SHORT ANSWER
1. Describe the input and output units of a computer.
2. Describe the compare and test instructions for a microprocessor, including the two procedures by
which comparisons may be performed.
