Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th Edition
Chapter 37: Pulmonary Ventilation
Test Bank
1. Which of the following lung volumes or capacities cannot be determined with a simple
spirometer?
A. Vital capacity
B. Expiratory reserve volume
C. Inspiratory reserve volume
D. Tidal volume
E. Functional residual capacity
2. Calculate the minute ventilation and the alveolar ventilation for a patient with a
respiratory rate of 10 breaths/minute, a tidal volume of 600 mL, and a dead space of 150
mL.
Minute Ventilation (L/min) Alveolar Ventilation (L/min)
A. 4.5 3.0
B. 6.0 4.5
C. 8 6.5
D. 10 8.5
E. 12 10.5
3. Before inspiration, alveolar pressure is 0 and intrapleural pressure is -5 cm H2O. At the
end of an inspiration in a healthy person, with the glottis open, these readings would be:
A. Alveolar pressure of +2, intrapleural pressure of -8 cm H2O
B. Alveolar pressure of -2, intrapleural pressure of -8 cm H2O
C. Alveolar pressure of 0, intrapleural pressure of +5 cm H2O
D. Alveolar pressure of 0, intrapleural pressure of -5 cm H2O
E. Alveolar pressure of 0, intrapleural pressure of -8 cm H2O
4. A 50-year-old man participates in a marathon. Which muscle(s) are being used for
inspiration during the marathon?
A. Gastrocnemius
B. Internal intercostals
C. Abdominals
D. External intercostals
Test Bank
37-2
5. Pulmonary surfactant is formed by:
A. Alveolar macrophages
B. Goblet cells
C. Type I alveolar cells
D. Type II alveolar cells
6. Which of the following would be expected to increase the measured airway resistance?
A. Stimulation of parasympathetic nerves to the lungs
B. Low lung volumes
C. Release of histamine by mast cells
D. Forced expirations
E. All of the above
7. Which of the following tend to decrease airway resistance?
A. Asthma
B. Stimulation by sympathetic fibers
C. Treatment with acetylcholine
D. Exhalation to residual volume
8. When the abdominals contract:
A. Intrapleural pressure becomes more negative
B. Alveolar pressure decreases
C. The recoil tendency of the lung increases
D. Functional residual capacity decreases
9. The most accurate statement about airway pressures during normal quiet breathing (as
measured in the upper airway) is:
A. At the end of expiration there is a slight amount of positive airway pressure, between
3 and 5 mmHg above atmospheric
B. At the end of expiration airway pressure is the same as atmospheric
C. At the end of inspiration there is a slight negative airway pressure, between -3 and -5
mmHg
D. Airway pressure is atmospheric throughout the breathing cycle
E. Airway pressure is below atmospheric throughout the breathing cycle
Test Bank
37-3
Questions 10-12: Use the following figure for questions 10-12.
10. Assuming a respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min calculate the minute ventilation.
A. 1 L/min
B. 2 L/min
C. 4 L/min
D. 5 L/min
E. 6 L/min
11. Assuming the same respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min calculate the alveolar ventilation.
A. 3 L/min
B. 4 L/min
C. 6 L/min
D. 12 L/min
E. Do not have enough information to calculate alveolar ventilation
12. What is the residual volume?
A. 1,000 mL
B. 1,500 mL
C. 2,000 mL
D. 2,500 mL
E. 5,000 mL
13. Residual volume:
A. Is part of the expiratory reserve volume
B. Is part of vital capacity
C. Cannot be measured directly with a spirometer
D. Represents the resting volume of the lungs
E. Is the volume at which the lungs tend to recoil outward
14. A group of students is trying to see who can generate the highest expiratory flow. Which
muscle is most effective at producing a maximal effort?
A. Diaphragm
B. Internal intercostals
C. External intercostals.
D. Rectus abdominus
E. Sternocleidomastoid