62) When crude birth rates are higher than crude death rates, the difference between them is
known as the
A) infant mortality rate.
B) infant natality rate
C) total fertility rate.
D) natural decrease.
E) natural increase.
63) Infant mortality rates are lowest in which of the following areas?
A) Western Europe
B) Africa
C) Asia
D) South America
64) Which of the following groups of states has been affected the least by the AIDS epidemic?
A) North America
B) Central Africa
C) Southeast Asia
D) the Middle East
E) Western Europe
65) In sub-Saharan Africa, AIDS primarily strikes
A) homosexuals.
B) drug users.
C) heterosexuals.
D) hemophiliacs.
66) Demographic transition theory holds that
A) advanced industrial states will have high rates of population growth.
B) preindustrial states will have both low birth rates and death rates.
C) high levels of economic production will lower birth rates.
D) periphery and semiperiphery states cannot become core states.
E) there is a maximum population size for every place.
67) In which phase(s) of the demographic transition model are birth rate and death rate about
equal?
A) Preindustrial
B) Transitional
C) Industrial
D) Preindustrial and Post-Industrial
E) Preindustrial and Industrial
68) Critics of demographic transition theory argue that
A) the theory is not very relevant for countries on the periphery.
B) the theory does not work for European countries.
C) the theory has a Marxist ideological bias.
D) birth rates and death rates are irrelevant in the 21st century.
69) Emigration
A) refers to a move from a place.
B) is the same as gross migration.
C) does not involve push factors.
D) is equal to the difference between voluntary migration and forced migration.
70) International voluntary migration
A) is insignificant now compared to prehistoric times.
B) is most likely to be from the periphery to the core.
C) is done typically for religious reasons.
D) is usually coordinated by the United Nations.
E) is both insignificant now compared to prehistoric times and is now done typically for religious
reasons.
71) The first wave of internal voluntary migration within the United States had two parts,
westward expansion and
A) the movement of Native Americans to reservations.
B) a rural-to-urban shift.
C) the shift of a large part of the population to the sunbelt
D) the movement of Canadians to Florida and Arizona.
72) In the second wave of internal voluntary migration within the United States, African-
Americans moved from the
A) Frostbelt to the Sunbelt.
B) rural South to cities.
C) eastern cities to rural areas in the West.
D) rural South to New York City and Boston.
73) The third wave of internal voluntary migration within the United States
A) emerged from the expansionist settlement policy of the American Revolution.
B) brought people back to the cities through national urban renewal programs Kennedy and
Johnson administrations.
C) saw many people move to the Sun Belt.
D) resulted in the passing of federal laws restricting internal migration.
74) In a survey of well-being (health, basic access, prospects), the top five U.S. states are
A) in the North.
B) South.
C) East Coast.
D) West Coast.
E) Southwest.
75) The best explanation for the third internal voluntary migration wave in the United States is
A) the pursuit of greater economic opportunity.
B) the high degree of racism in the United States.
C) the environmental problems in large cities.
D) the romantic longing for a simple country life.
76) The term “Trail of Tears” refers to
A) the forced movement of Jews to concentration camps during World War II.
B) the internment of Japanese Americans in US camps during World War II.
C) the “Long March” of the Chinese communists in the 1930s.
D) the forced migration of the Cherokee Nation in the nineteenth century.
E) the suffering of Indonesians forced to leave their home islands.
77) Malthus argued that the factor limiting population size was
A) money.
B) food.
C) housing.
D) land.
E) environmental pollution.
78) Neo-Malthusians think that the greatest danger to the environment is
A) Marxism.
B) politicians.
C) population growth.
D) computer technology.
E) industrial agriculture.
79) Most demographers and policy makers think that the best way to control population is to
A) hold annual conferences hosted by the UN.
B) educate women and give them equal status with men.
C) increase the power of religious institutions that preach abstinence and celibacy.
D) pass laws that limit families to one child.
E) let HIV/AIDs, tropical diseases, plagues and epidemics run freely.
80) Currently the global population is about
A) 2.5 billion.
B) 7.0 billion.
C) 7.9 billion.
D) 8.7 billion.
E) 12 billion.
81) In general, ________ has (have) the highest crude birth rates.
A) Africa
B) South America
C) Europe
D) North America
E) China and India
82) In general, ________ has (have) the highest crude death rates.
A) Africa
B) South America
C) Europe
D) North America
E) China and India
83) According to our text, the most widespread and well-known epidemic of our times is
A) HIV/AIDS.
B) SARS.
C) malnutrition.
D) zoonotic diseases.
E) Ebola.
84) Which world region has the lowest rate of natural increase?
A) Europe
B) Oceania
C) Latin America
D) Asia
E) North America
85) Worldwide, a rise in the female education correlates most strongly with
A) education abroad.
B) life expectancy.
C) obesity.
D) agricultural density.
E) a decline in total fertility rates.
86) Since the start of the 21st century, ________ has annually received more global voluntary
migrants than any other country.
A) the United States
B) Germany
C) Russia
D) China
87) Nearly all of the world’s inhabitants live on ________ of Earth’s land.
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) 90%
88) Approximately ________ of the world’s population lives north of the equator (in the
Northern hemisphere).
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) 90%
89) In a healthy population, the left and right sides of age-sex pyramids are symmetrical. Of the
following, which is most likely to create an asymmetrical pyramid, i.e., to affect the shape of one
side differently than the other?
A) war
B) baby boom
C) obesity
D) birth control
E) plague
90) The United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDG) are based on
A) capitalist ideology.
B) socialist principles.
C) Malthusian theory.
D) population policy.
E) vital records.
91) Which region generates the fewest refugees?
A) USA-Canada
B) England-France-Germany
C) Brazil-Colombia-Venezuela
D) Bangladesh-India-Pakistan
E) Cambodia-Indonesia-Vietnam
92) In a population with a tar of 2, the
A) CBR = CDR.
B) doubling time = 0.
C) life expectancy = 0
D) IMR = 0.
E) Demographic Transition is in full swing.
93) When the Demographic Transition is complete, which of the following is true?
A) TFR = 2
B) doubling time = 1
C) doubling time = 0.
D) RNI = 1
E) CBR = CDR
94) Which of the following Middle Eastern countries/authorities has no Palestinian refugees?
A) Israel
B) Gaza and the West Bank
C) Jordan
D) Syria
E) Lebanon
95) The international forced migration of Palestinians from their homeland since the creation of
the state of Israel in 1948 is a response to
A) ongoing violence.
B) discrimination.
C) land dispossession.
D) ongoing violence, discrimination, and land dispossession.
96) All of the following nations have suffered international forced migration in the 20th century
except
A) Palestinians.
B) Jews.
C) Kurds.
D) Armenians.
E) Palestinians, Jews, Kurds, and Armenians.
97) Whereas max believed the equitable distribution would solve perceived imbalances between
populations and food supply, Malthus argued for
A) birth control.
B) women’s rights.
C) colonialism.
D) technology.
E) emigration.
3.2 True or False
1) Things like weather and family can be pull factors for some and push factors for others.
2) Expats migrate.
3) CBRs, RNIs, TFRs, and IDPs are all demographic measures.
4) Expats are more likely than IDPs to be driven by pull factors.
5) In contrast to significantly different birth rates, more and less developed countries of the world
have much more similar death rates.
6) One problem with censuses—even in the United States—is that they tend to undercount
minority groups.
7) From Australia to Mexico, from Bangladesh to Egypt, the populations of all countries around
the world are clustered along their coasts.
8) Age-sex pyramids can be constructed for any population, from those of counties and cities to
populations of countries and continents.
9) The birth rate for all cohorts within a population is the same.
10) According to the demographic transition, societies are more quickly willing to adopt
measures that reduce death rates than those that reduce birth rates.
11) Typically, where migration is involuntary, push factors can result in forced migration.
12) The largest cohort in U.S demographic history is the baby boom.
13) Historical evidence has proved Malthus correct.
14) The baby boomers as a percent of the total U.S. population is increasing.
15) Around the world, the larger the populations the shorter the doubling times.
16) The population of the United States is aging.
17) Transnational migrants include both Mexican migrants to the U.S. and Hong Kong Chinese
to Canada.
18) The wave of popular uprisings against decades-old dictatorships that began within Tunisia in
early 2011 sparked the largest movement of migrants in the world since World War II.
19) Based on China’s notable success in reducing the rate at which the Chinese population is
increasing, the United Nations is recommending a global one-child policy.
20) Generally, the plight of international refugees is better than that of internally displaced
persons.
21) Differences in the census dates of different countries makes cross-national comparisons
difficult.