1
CHAPTER 3
1. The following was/were believed to be able to detect criminal predisposition
by examining bumps and abnormalities on the surface of the skull.
a. sociologists
b. phrenologists
c. criminologists
d. neurobiologists
2. The role of _____ in violent crime is of growing importance in understanding the
dynamics of the interactions among the forces of biology, psychological factors, and our
environment.
a. neurobiology
b. sociology
c. podiatry
d. psychology
3. What is the hormone that inhibits the secretion of stomach acid, stimulates smooth
muscle, and acts as a neurotransmitter in brain functioning.
a. CSF 5-hiaa
b. lithium
c. Haldol
d. serotonin
4. In their studies of homicide offenders, Virkkunen, et al., and Linnoila, et al., found
that:
a. The non-impulsive group reported higher levels of dopamine.
b. The impulsive group reported lower levels of dopamine.
c. The impulsive group reported lower levels of serotonin.
d. The non-impulsive group reported lower levels of serotonin.
5. What did Reiss and Roth find?
2
a. inhibited children are less prone to violence and aggression
b. inhibited children are more prone to victimization
c. uninhibited children are more prone to victimization
d. uninhibited children are less prone to violence and aggression
6. According to Eysenck, what is the foundation for criminality?
a. the over-reactive RAS
b. interactions of environmental conditions and inherited personality traits
c. financial gain
d. instrumental conditioning
7. This killer had subpar intelligence, suffered from kryptopyroluria, suffered multiple
head traumas, was raised in a dysfunctional family, experienced sexual and physical
abuse, had homosexual experiences at age 11, had sex with animals, and went on as
an adult to kill female prostitutes. He sometimes returned to the crime scenes days
later to mutilate the corpses and take trophies.
a. Ed Gein
b. Juan Cordoba
c. Joseph Kallinger
d. Arthur Shawcross
8. According to Eysenck, who is more likely to be involved in antisocial behavior?
a. extroverts
b. subverts
c. introverts
d. perverts
9. In her study of psychopathology and mass murder, Souza found that most of these
have a history of mental illness.
a. mass murderers
b. serial killers
c. murderers
d. criminals
3
10. Which can best be attributed to the term “insanity?”
a. A diagnosis of insanity automatically follows a diagnosis of psychosis.
b. Insanity is a legal term and judicial determination.
c. A diagnosis of insanity is a psychiatric decision.
d. A diagnosis of insanity is ultimately determined by trained psychologists.
11. What is the essential inquiry involved when the M’Naughten Rule is applied?
a. Was the act the result or the product of a mental defect?
b. Was the person able to distinguish between right and wrong at the time of the
offense?
c. Was the act the result of an “irresistible impulse?”
d. Was the act the result of an addiction?
12. What percentage of all criminal cases uses the insanity defense?
a. 10 percent
b. about half
c. nearly 27 percent
d. less than 1 percent
13. In _____, the Supreme Court ruled that insanity may continue after the criminal act,
and therefore the offender could be placed in a psychiatric facility until such time when
he or she is determined to have recovered from his or her afflictions.
a. United States v. Brawner
b. Durham v. United States
c. Jones v. United States
d. Vitek v. Jones
14. The Brawner Rule intends to exclude _____ from using the insanity defense.
a. defendants under the influence of alcohol at the time of the offense
b. defendants with antisocial personality disorders
c. defendants under the influence of drugs at the time of the offense
d. defendants who refuse to undergo psychiatric evaluation
15. Formerly known as multiple personality disorder, this is the most widely known
dissociative disorder.
a. dissociative identity disorder
b. dissociative fugue
c. depersonalization disorder
d. psychopathy
16. This mental disorder or syndrome is unintentionally caused in a patient by a clinician
or practitioner.
a. iatrogenic
b. tautological fallacy
c. anterograde syndrome
d. symptom substitution
17. Formerly called “psychogenic amnesia,” this is a loss of memory due to
psychological reasons rather than organic problems.
a. depersonalization-derealization disorder
b. dissociative amnesia
c. negative affectivity
d. sociopathy
18. This suggests that a person feels that his or her surroundings are not real or are
detached.
a. derealization
b. unrealization
c. detachment
d. hyper-realization
5
19. According to _____, the mind is constantly engaged in balancing the three-part
personality structure of id, ego, and superego.
a. Freud
b. Hickey
c. Fuller
d. Hare
20. Which dissociative disorder involves a person feeling detached from his/her mental
processes or physical body?
a. fugue
b. depersonalization
c. amnesia
d. identity
21. Which is not part of the “Big Five” theory of personality?
a. neuroticism
b. introversion
c. openness to experiences
d. agreeableness
22. Which of the DSM-V classifications of personality disorders is characterized by
social and interpersonal deficits, and eccentric behaviors that inhibit the development of
close relationships?
a. borderline
b. schizoid
c. narcissistic
d. schizotypal
23. This type is a pervasive pattern of detachment from relationships, including limited
expression of emotions.
a. paranoid
b. schizotypal
c. histrionic
d. schizoid
6
24. Which one of the following sets of descriptors best applies to paranoid personality
disorders?
a. unpredictable, irresponsible, guiltless
b. theatrical, dependent, dysphoric
c. pervasive distrust, suspiciousness of others
d. aloof, detached, humorless
25. This disorder is characterized by orderliness, perfectionism, and inflexible
behaviors.
a. post-traumatic stress disorder
b. non-phobic panic disorder
c. kleptomania
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder
26. At his trial, Ted Kaczynski was found to be _____.
a. paranoid schizophrenic
b. insane
c. suffering from a personality disorder
d. suffering from Asperger’s disorder
27. This term was introduced by J. L. A. Koch in 1891.
a. histrionic
b. criminology
c. psychopath
d. sociopath
28. What is the condition of the primary psychopath?
a. usually neurotic
b. always criminal
c. usually violent and destructive
d. always a social chameleon
29. Which of the following is NOT a Factor 2 characteristic found in Hare’s Revised
Psychopathy Checklist?
a. parasitic lifestyle
b. early behavioral problems
c. need for stimulation
d. promiscuous sexual behavior
30. Criminal psychopaths make up about what percentage of the male inmate
population in prison?
a. 10-15
b. 20-30
c. 85-90
d. 45-55
TRUE/FALSE
1. There is a correlation between head trauma and violent behavior.
2. Recent research has suggested that serotonin has no role in creating violent
behavior.
3. Dissociative identity disorder is sometimes referred to as the “UFO of psychiatry.”
4. Asperger’s Disorder is a milder variant of autism.
5. Worry and anxiety about future is a characteristic of the psychopath.
COMPLETION
1. Having more than one _____ may be an attempt to suppress or deny severe
traumatization as a child.
2. _____ appear to be the most resistant to change.
3. _____, common among violent offenders, includes a history of antisocial behavior
beginning no later than age 15 for males, and for females anytime during the teen
years.
4. The term _____ is a non-diagnostic label used to describe a potpourri of individuals
determined by societal standards to possess characteristics at variance with general
community standards and practices.
5. In 1980, _____ created a diagnostic tool referred to as the “Psychopathy Checklist.”
ESSAY QUESTIONS
1. Discuss current research that supports biochemical factors, such as nutrition and
environment, as a cause of antisocial behavior.
9
2. Why is insanity a legal term and not a psychiatric distinction?
3. Analyze the constant need of psychopaths to be in control of their social and physical
environment. Why would a psychopath feel this need?