Chapter 3—Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division
TRUE/FALSE
1. Addition is the act of combining things or units that are alike to obtain a total quantity.
2. Addend plus Addend equals Difference.
3. Addend plus Addend equals Sum.
4. Neatness is not important in math.
5. The common method of checking addition is to add the individual columns in reverse order.
6. Subtraction means to take away. It is the addition of one number of things from another
number of things.
7. The number removed from the minuend is called the subtrahend.
8. The original number, before subtraction or before anything is removed, is called the
subtrahend.
9. The amount left over, or remaining after a subtraction problem is completed, is called the
difference.
10. Subtrahend minus Minuend equals Difference.
11. The common way of checking a subtraction answer is to add the subtrahend and the
difference.
12. Multiplication is another math operation where a decrease takes place.
13. In multiplication, a whole number is added to itself a specified amount of times.
14. Multiplier times Multiplier equals Product.
15. Multiplier times Multiplicand equals Product.
16. The number representing the amount of times the minuend is to be added to itself is called
the multiplier.
17. The result of multiplying the multiplicand by the multiplier is called the product.
18. In an addition problem, once all of the subproducts are determined, they are added together
to obtain the final total or product.
19. The accepted and common method of checking the accuracy of a multiplication product is to
invert, or switch, the multiplicand and the multiplier and work the problem from a reverse
position.
20. Division is basically the method of finding out how many times one number is added to
another number.
21. In division, the number to be divided is called the dividend.
22. In the problem 80 ÷ 4 = 20, the number 80 is the divisor.
23. The result of dividing the dividend by the divisor is called the quotient.
24. Divisor divided by Dividend equals Quotient.
25. In situations where the divisor is not contained in the dividend an equal or exact number of
times, the figure left over or remaining is called the remainder.
26. When reviewing basic mathematical operations, subtraction is usually discussed last
because it involves both multiplication and division in its operation.
27. The common method of checking division is to multiply the quotient by the divisor.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. _____ can be considered one of the most popular math functions in business because it
means an increase is taking place.
a.
Subtraction
b.
Percent
c.
Rounding
d.
Addition
2. Which of the following is not a basic guideline when manually calculating addition
problems?
a.
Check your work
b.
Increase speed and accuracy
c.
Be neat
d.
Use a pencil
3. The original number, before subtraction or before anything is removed, is called the _____.
a.
minuend
b.
subtrahend
c.
deduction
d.
difference
4. In a subtraction problem, another word for borrowing is _____.
a.
subtrahend
b.
trading
c.
difference
d.
minuend
5. In _____, a whole number is added to itself a specified amount of times.
a.
multiplication
b.
addition
c.
division
d.
subtraction
6. Multiplier times Multiplicand equals _____.
a.
Quotient
b.
Difference
c.
Product
d.
Sum
7. In the multiplication process, the number that is added to itself is called the _____.
a.
product
b.
multiplicand
c.
multiplier
d.
subproduct
8. The result of multiplying the multiplicand by the multiplier is called the _____.
a.
difference
b.
sum
c.
product
d.
quotient
9. The accepted and common method of checking the accuracy of a _____ is to invert, or
switch, the multiplicand and the multiplier and work the problem from a reverse position.
a.
addition sum
b.
subtraction difference
c.
multiplication product
d.
division quotient
10. Division is the act of _____ a whole quantity into parts.
a.
mixing
b.
adding
c.
combining
d.
separating
11. In division, the number to be divided is called the _____.
a.
difference
b.
dividend
c.
divisor
d.
quotient
12. The result of dividing the _____ by the divisor is called the quotient.
a.
multiplicand
b.
subproduct
c.
division
d.
dividend
13. In situations where the divisor is not contained in the dividend an equal or exact number of
times, the figure left over or remaining is called the _____.
a.
multiplicand
b.
remainder
c.
subproduct
d.
quotient
NUMERIC RESPONSE
Find the sum of each of the following addition problems.
1. 232 + 424 + 63 = _______________
2. 6,426 + 18 + 577,876 + 2,456 = _______________
3. $_______________ + $13 + $0.32 = $919.26
4. $271.85 + $239.86 + $74.76 + $48 + $253.07 + $55.08 = $_______________
5. 55 + 869 + 5,434 + 955 + 1,005 + 5 + 10 + 78,758 = _______________
6. Your check total at the local diner for a lunch that included a hamburger for $3.79, French
fries for $2.31, and a soda for $1.23 is $_______________.
7. During an inventory, a 50-pound bag of flour was found in the storeroom, a 15-pound bag of
flour was in the bakery, and an open bag weighing 7 pounds was in the kitchen. How much
total flour does the restaurant have?
_______________ pounds
8. When preparing a fruit salad bowl, the following items were used: honeydew melon $3.59,
pineapples $0.98, grapes $0.62, bananas $1.76, strawberries $2.67, and cantaloupe $3.35.
What was the total cost of the fruit salad bowl?
$_______________
9. The bill for an awards banquet came to $2,958.50. They were given a discount of $222.00
because the guaranteed number of people attended. What was the total bill?
$_______________
10. The restaurant thought they had 648 frozen hamburger patties on hand. Taking a quick
inventory, it was discovered that a small box of 41 were defrosted and spoiled. How many
hamburger patties did the restaurant have left?
_______________ patties
11. A restaurant purchased a side of beef weighing 353 pounds. Forty-five pounds were lost in
boning and trimming. How many pounds were left?
_______________ pounds
12. 903 – 89 = _______________
13. $642.02 – $_______________ = $117.62
14. $7,288.00 – $55.25 = $_______________
15. $_______________ – $4,574 = $85,115
16. 6,756 – 5,637 = _______________
17. 5,466 24 = _______________
18. $99.62 _______________ = $498.10
19. $3,298 60 = $_______________
20. 2 $_______________ = $103.48
21. 77.99 3.9 = _______________
22. When preparing meatloaf, it is required that four and a half pounds of ground beef go into
each loaf. How many pounds of ground beef must be ordered when preparing 32 loaves?
_______________ pounds
23. A chef earns $232.51 a day. How much is earned in a year if the chef works 307 days?
$_______________
24. Ribs of pork weigh 17 pounds and cost $2.46 per pound. What is the total cost of the ribs?
$_______________
Find the quotient for the following division problems.
25. The chef at the Hillside Restaurant earns $64,500 per year. If this chef works 38 weeks per
year, how much does she earn in one week? (Round your answer to the nearest cent.)
$_______________
26. One hundred thirty-six fluid ounces of orange juice are contained in 1 gallon. How many
4-fluid-ounce glasses of juice can be served?
_______________ glasses
27. A 257-pound side of beef is purchased for $917.80. What is the cost per pound? (Round
your answer to the nearest cent.)
$_______________
28. 48 ÷ 12 = _______________
29. 676 ÷ 27 = _______________
(Round your answer to two decimal places.)
30. $672.00 ÷ _______________ = $48.00
31. _______________ ÷ 70 = 1,918
32. 956 ÷ 0.75 = _______________
(Round your answer to two decimal places.)
33. In one week the Prime Time Catering Company’s delivery truck traveled 308 miles. They
used 22 gallons of gasoline. How many miles did they average per gallon?
34. A wedding reception is catered for 125 people. The caterer charges $13.75 per person. What
is the total bill?
35. A cook earns $180 a day. How much is earned in a year if the cook works 300 days?
36. If a side of beef weighs 44 pounds and costs $8.45 per pound, what is the total cost?
37. The chef at the Bristol earns $9,000 per year. If this chef works 45 weeks per year, how
much does she earn in one week?
38. A 310-pound side of beef is purchased for $1,550. What is the cost per pound?
39. A restaurant orders 380 pounds of pork loins. Each loin weighs 20 pounds. How many loins
are contained in the shipment?
40. KFC had 259 chickens in the freezer. They used 46 for a special party. How many did they
have left?
COMPLETION
1. ____________________ is the act of putting things together, or combining things or units
that are alike, to obtain a total quantity.
2. When combining units, the total quantity is called the ____________________.
3. ____________________ is the removal of one number of things from another number of
things.
4. The original number, before subtraction or before anything is removed, is called the
____________________.
5. The number removed from the minuend is called the ____________________.
6. The amount left over or remaining after a subtraction problem is completed is called the
____________________.
7. In ____________________, a whole number is added to itself a specified amount of times.
8. The (top) number that is added to itself in a multiplication problem is called the
____________________.
9. The number representing the amount of times the multiplicand is to be added to itself is
called the ____________________.
10. The result of multiplying the multiplicand by the multiplier is called the
____________________.
11. ____________________ is the act of separating a whole quantity into parts.
12. In division, the number to be divided is called the ____________________.
13. The name for the number by which the dividend is divided is called the
____________________.
14. The result of dividing the dividend by the divisor is called the ____________________.
15. When the divisor is not contained in the dividend an equal or exact number of times, the
figure left over or remaining is called the ____________________.
MATCHING
Match the following chapter terms to their definition.
a.
addition
e.
subtrahend
b.
sum
f.
difference
c.
subtraction
g.
trading
d.
minuend
1. The number removed from the original number in a subtraction problem
2. Total of two or more numbers or things taken together; the whole amount
3. The answer in a subtraction problem
4. To make a group of 10 from one of the next highest place value, or one from 10 of the
lowest place value
5. The act of putting things together, or combining things or units that are alike
6. The original number in a subtraction problem
7. An operation that tells the difference between two numbers
Match the following chapter terms to their definition.
a.
multiplication
f.
division
b.
multiplicand
g.
dividend
c.
multiplier
h.
divisor
d.
product
i.
quotient
e.
remainder
8. The act of giving some to each
9. A shortcut for a certain type of addition problem; a whole number is added to itself a
specified amount of times
10. The number or quantity to be multiplied by another number called the multiplier
11. A number by which another is divided
12. The result obtained by multiplying two or more numbers together
13. The number to be divided by the divisor
14. Number by which another number is to be multiplied
15. The final answer of a division problem
16. The number less than the divisor that remains after the division process is completed
Match the following names and functions of the various numbers involved in the
multiplication operation.
a.
multiplicand
c.
subproduct
b.
multiplier
d.
product
17. Number of times to be added to itself
18. Answer
19. Number to be added to itself
20. Product of the ones column
