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Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, 2e (Tro)
Chapter 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations
Multiple Choice Questions
1) An ionic bond is best described as
A) the sharing of electrons.
B) the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
C) the attraction that holds the atoms together in a polyatomic ion.
D) the attraction between 2 nonmetal atoms.
E) the attraction between 2 metal atoms.
2) A covalent bond is best described as
A) the sharing of electrons between atoms.
B) the transfer of electrons.
C) a bond between a metal and a nonmetal.
D) a bond between a metal and a polyatomic ion.
E) a bond between two polyatomic ions.
3) Give a possible molecular formula for C3H5ClO.
A) C6H10ClO2
B) C5H10Cl2O2
C) C6H10Cl2O2
D) C6H10O2
E) C6H12Cl2O2
4) What is the empirical formula for Hg2(NO3)2?
A) Hg2(NO3)2
B) HgNO3
C) Hg(NO3)2
D) Hg2NO3
E) Hg4(NO3)4
5) Give the name for SnO.
A) tin (I) oxide
B) tin (II) oxide
C) tin (III) oxide
D) tin (IV) oxide
6) Determine the name for TiCO3. Remember that titanium forms several ions.
A) titanium (II) carbonate
B) titanium carbide
C) titanium carbonite
D) titanium (II) carbonite
E) titanium (I) carbonate
7) Give the structure for sodium perchlorate.
A) NaClO
B) NaClO2
C) NaClO3
D) NaClO4
8) Write the name for Sn(SO4)2. Remember that Sn forms several ions.
A) tin (I) sulfite
B) tin (IV) sulfate
C) tin sulfide
D) tin (II) sulfite
E) tin (I) sulfate
9) Give the name for NaHSO3.
A) sodium sulfite
B) sodium sulfate
C) sodium hydrogen sulfate
D) sodium hydrogen sulfite
E) sodium sulfide
10) Give the name for NaHSO3.
A) monosodium sulfite
B) monosodium sulfate
C) sodium bisulfate
D) sodium bisulfite
E) sodium bisulfide
11) Give the formula for calcium hydrogen sulfate.
A) CaHSO4
B) Ca2(HSO4)2
C) Ca2HSO4
D) Ca(HSO4)2
12) Give the formula for calcium bisulfate.
A) CaHSO4
B) Ca2(HSO4)2
C) Ca2HSO4
D) Ca(HSO4)2
13) Give the name for KMnO4.
A) potassium manganese tetraoxide
B) potassium manganate
C) potassium permanganate
D) potassium permagnesium
E) potassium magnesate
14) Determine the name for CoCl2∙6H2O. Remember that Co forms several ions.
A) cobalt chloride hydrate
B) cobalt (I) chloride heptahydrate
C) cobalt (II) chloride heptahydrate
D) cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate
E) cobalt (I) chloride
15) Give the correct formula for aluminum sulfate.
A) Al2SO4
B) Al(SO4)3
C) Al3(SO4)2
D) Al2(SO4)3
16) Write the formula for copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate.
A) Cu2SO3∙H5
B) Cu2S∙H2O
C) CuS∙5H2O
D) (CuSO4)5
E) CuSO4∙5H2O
17) Determine the name for H2CO3.
A) carbonous acid
B) dihydrogen carbonate
C) carbonic acid
D) hydrocarbonic acid
E) hydrocarbide acid
18) Give the formula for sulfurous acid.
A) H2SO3
B) HSO3
C) H2SO4
D) HSO4
19) Give the name for H2SO4.
A) sulfuric acid
B) persulfurous acid
C) sulfurous acid
D) hyposulfurous acid
E) persulfuric acid
20) Give the name for HNO3.
A) nitric acid
B) nitrous acid
C) hydrogen nitrate
D) hydrogen nitrite
E) hydrogen nitride
21) Determine the name for P4O10.
A) phosphorus (IV) oxide
B) diphosphorus pentoxide
C) phosphorus oxide
D) phosphorus (II) oxide
E) tetraphosphorus decoxide
22) Determine the name for N2O5.
A) dinitrogen pentoxide
B) nitrogen oxide
C) nitrogen (IV) oxide
D) nitrogen (II) oxide
E) nitrogen tetroxide
23) Calculate the molar mass for Mg(ClO4)2.
A) 223.21 g/mol
B) 123.76 g/mol
C) 119.52 g/mol
D) 247.52 g/mol
E) 75.76 g/mol
24) Calculate the molar mass of Al(C2H3O2)3.
A) 86.03 g/mol
B) 204.13 g/mol
C) 56.00 g/mol
D) 258.09 g/mol
E) 139.99 g/mol
25) Calculate the molar mass of Ca3(PO4)2.
A) 87.05 g/mol
B) 215.21 g/mol
C) 310.18 g/mol
D) 279.21 g/mol
E) 246.18 g/mol
26) Calculate the molar mass of H2CO3.
A) 62.03 g/mol
B) 29.02 g/mol
C) 61.02 g/mol
D) 60.01 g/mol
E) 74.04 g/mol
27) The molecular weight of urea ((NH2)2CO), a compound used as a nitrogen fertilizer, is ________
amu (rounded to one decimal place).
A) 44.0
B) 43.0
C) 60.1
D) 8.0
E) 32.0
28) How many millimoles of Ca(NO3)2 contain 4.78 × 1022 formula units of Ca(NO3)2? The molar
mass of Ca(NO3)2 is 164.10 g/mol.
A) 12.6 mmol Ca(NO3)2
B) 13.0 mmol Ca(NO3)2
C) 20.7 mmol Ca(NO3)2
D) 79.4 mmol Ca(NO3)2
E) 57.0 mmol Ca(NO3)2
29) How many molecules of N2O4 are in 76.3 g N2O4? The molar mass of N2O4 is 92.02 g/mol.
A) 5.54 × 1025 N2O4 molecules
B) 7.26 × 1023 N2O4 molecules
C) 1.38 × 1024 N2O4 molecules
D) 4.59 × 1025 N2O4 molecules
E) 4.99 × 1023 N2O4 molecules
30) How many moles of N2O4 are in 76.3 g N2O4? The molar mass of N2O4 is 92.02 g/mol.
A) 7.02 x 103 moles
B) 1.42 x 10-4 moles
C) 1.00 mole
D) 1.21 moles
E) 0.829 moles
31) How many C2H4 molecules are contained in 45.8 mg of C2H4? The molar mass of C2H4 is 28.05
g/mol.
A) 9.83 × 1020 C2H4 molecules
B) 7.74 × 1026 C2H4 molecules
C) 2.71 × 1020 C2H4 molecules
D) 3.69 × 1023 C2H4 molecules
E) 4.69 × 1023 C2H4 molecules
32) What is the mass (in kg) of 6.89 × 1025 molecules of CO2? The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol.
A) 3.85 kg
B) 5.04 kg
C) 2.60 kg
D) 3.03 kg
E) 6.39 kg
33) Calculate the mass percent composition of sulfur in Al2(SO4)3.
A) 28.12 %
B) 9.372 %
C) 42.73 %
D) 21.38 %
E) 35.97 %
34) Calculate the mass percent composition of lithium in Li3PO4.
A) 26.75 %
B) 17.98 %
C) 30.72 %
D) 55.27 %
E) 20.82 %
35) How many atoms of oxygen are contained in 47.6 g of Al2(CO3)3? The molar mass of Al2(CO3)3
is 233.99 g/mol.
A) 1.23 × 1023 O atoms
B) 2.96 × 1024 O atoms
C) 2.87 × 1025 O atoms
D) 1.10 × 1024 O atoms
E) 3.68 × 1023 O atoms
36) How many atoms of carbon are contained in 47.6 g of Al2(CO3)3? The molar mass of Al2(CO3)3
is 233.99 g/mol.
A) 1.23 × 1023 C atoms
B) 2.96 × 1024 C atoms
C) 2.87 × 1025 C atoms
D) 1.10 × 1024 C atoms
E) 3.68 × 1023 C atoms
37) How many sodium ions are contained in 99.6 mg of Na2SO3? The molar mass of Na2SO3 is
126.05 g/mol.
A) 1.52 × 1027 sodium ions
B) 4.76 × 1020 sodium ions
C) 2.10 × 1021 sodium ions
D) 1.05 × 1021 sodium ions
E) 9.52 × 1020 sodium ions
38) How many SO32- ions are contained in 99.6 mg of Na2SO3? The molar mass of Na2SO3 is 126.05
g/mol.
A) 1.52 × 1027 SO3 ions
B) 4.76 × 1020 SO3 ions
C) 2.10 × 1021 SO3 ions
D) 1.05 × 1021 SO3 ions
E) 9.52 × 1020 SO3 ions
39) Determine the volume of hexane that contains 5.33 × 1022 molecules of hexane. The density of
hexane is 0.6548 g/mL and its molar mass is 86.17 g/mol.
A) 8.59 mL
B) 13.5 mL
C) 7.40 mL
D) 12.4 mL
E) 11.6 mL
40) How many molecules of butane are contained in 25.0 mL of butane? The density of butane is
0.6011 g/mL and the molar mass is 58.12 g/mol.
A) 2.59 × 1023 molecules butane
B) 1.46 × 1027 molecules butane
C) 6.87 × 1023 molecules butane
D) 1.56 × 1023 molecules butane
E) 7.14 × 1025 molecules butane
41) Determine the molecular formula of a compound that has a molar mass of 183.2 g/mol and an
empirical formula of C2H5O2.
A) C2H5O2
B) C6H15O6
C) C3H7O3
D) C4H10O4
E) C8H20O8
42) Determine the molecular formula of a compound that has a molar mass of 92.0 g/mol and an
empirical formula of NO2.
A) N2O3
B) N3O6
C) N2O4
D) NO2
E) N2O5
43) Determine the empirical formula for a compound that is 36.86% N and 63.14% O by mass.
A) NO
B) N2O
C) NO2
D) N2O3
E) NO3
44) Determine the empirical formula for a compound that is found to contain 10.15 mg P and 34.85 mg
Cl.
A) P3Cl
B) PCl
C) PCl2
D) P2Cl3
E) PCl3
45) Determine the empirical formula for a compound that contains C, H and O. It contains 52.14% C
and 34.73% O by mass.
A) C2H6O
B) CHO
C) C4H13O2
D) CH4O3
E) CH3O
46) Determine the molecular formula for a compound that is 70.79% carbon, 8.91% hydrogen, 4.59%
nitrogen, and 15.72% oxygen.
A) C18H27NO3
B) C18H27NO2
C) C17H27NO3
D) C17H26NO3
47) Determine the molecular formula of a compound that is 49.48% carbon, 5.19% hydrogen, 28.85%
nitrogen, and 16.48% oxygen. The molecular weight is 194.19 g/mol.
A) C8H12N4O2
B) C4H5N2O
C) C8H10N4O2
D) C8H10N2O
48) Combustion analysis of 63.8 mg of a C, H and O containing compound produced 145.0 mg of CO2
and 59.38 mg of H2O. What is the empirical formula for the compound?
A) C5H2O
B) CHO
C) C3H6O
D) C3H7O
E) C6HO3
49) Write a balanced equation to show the reaction of sulfurous acid with lithium hydroxide to form
water and lithium sulfite.
A) H2SO4(aq) + LiOH(aq) → H2O(l) + Li2SO4(aq)
B) H2SO3(aq) + 2 LiOH(aq) → 2 H2O(l) + Li2SO3(aq)
C) HSO3(aq) + LiOH(aq) → H2O(l) + LiSO3(aq)
D) HSO4(aq) + LiOH(aq) → H2O(l) + LiSO4(aq)
E) H2S(aq) + 2 LiOH(aq) → 2 H2O(l) + Li2S(aq)
50) Write a balanced equation to show the reaction of gaseous ethane with gaseous oxygen to form
carbon monoxide gas and water vapor.
A) 2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)
B) C2H6(g) + 5 O(g) → 2 CO(g) + 3 H2O(g)
C) 2 C2H6(g) + 5 O2(g) → 4 CO(g) + 6 H2O(g)
D) C2H6(g) + 7 O(g) → 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g)
E) 2 CH3(g) + 5 O(g) → 2 CO(g) + 3 H2O(g)
51) Write a balanced equation to show the reaction of aqueous aluminum acetate with aqueous
ammonium phosphate to form solid aluminum phosphate and aqueous ammonium acetate.
A) Al(C2H3O2)2(aq) + (NH4)2PO4(aq) → AlPO4(s) + 2 NH4C2H3O2(aq)
B) Al(C2H3O2)2(aq) + (NH3)2PO4(aq) → AlPO4(s) + 2 NH3C2H3O2(aq)
C) Al(CO3)2(aq) + (NH3)2PO4(aq) → AlPO4(s) + 2 NH3CO3(aq)
D) Al(C2H3O2)3(aq) + (NH4)3PO4(aq) → AlPO4(s) + 3 NH4C2H3O2(aq)
E) Al(CO2)3(aq) + (NH4)3PO3(aq) → AlPO3(s) + 3 NH4CO2(aq)
52) Which of the following is one possible form of pentane?
A) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
B) CH3CH=CHCH2CH3
C) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
D) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2
E) CH3CH2-O-CH2CH2CH3
53) Which of the following compounds is ethanol?
A) C2H6
B) C2H5OH
C) CH3CO2H
D) CH3CO2CH3
E) CH3OCH3
54) Which of the following compounds is nail polish remover?
A) (CH3)2C=O
B) C2H5OH
C) CH3CO2H
D) CH3CO2CH3
E) CH3OCH3
Algorithmic Questions
1) Identify the compound with ionic bonds.
A) Ne
B) CO
C) N2
D) H2O
E) KBr
2) Identify the compound with covalent bonds.
A) CH4
B) Kr
C) KBr
D) Li
E) NaCl
3) Which of the following contains BOTH ionic and covalent bonds?
A) CaCl2
B) COS
C) BaSO4
D) SF6
E) None of the above contain both ionic and covalent bonds.
4) What is the empirical formula for C12H24O6?
A) C2H5O
B) CHO
C) C2H4O
D) CHO2
E) CH2O
5) Write a possible molecular formula for C4H4O.
A) C32H32O8
B) C12H12O2
C) C2H2O
D) C8H8O
6) Which of the following is an ionic compound?
A) SF2
B) Mg3(PO4)2
C) Cl2O
D) CH2O
E) PBr5
7) Which of the following is a molecular compound?
A) KCN
B) LiOH
C) SrI2
D) ZnS
E) P4O10
8) In which set do all elements tend to form anions in binary ionic compounds?
A) C, S, Pb
B) K, Fe, Br
C) Li, Na, K
D) N, O, I
9) What type of bonding is found in the compound OF2?
A) covalent bonding
B) hydrogen bonding
C) ionic bonding
D) metallic bonding
10) Which one of the following compounds contains ionic bonds?
A) SrO
B) HBr
C) PBr3
D) SiO2
11) Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for a molecule of astatine?
A) At
B) At-
C) At+
D) At2
12) Which of the compounds, Li3P , PH3, C2H6, IBr3 are ionic compounds?
A) only C2H6
B) only Li3P
C) Li3P and P H3
D) P H3, C2H6, and IBr3
13) Which of the compounds C4H10, BaCl2, Ni(NO3)2, SF6 are expected to exist as molecules?
A) only C4H10
B) C4H10 and SF6
C) C4H10, Ni(NO3)2, and SF6
D) BaCl2 and Ni(NO3)2
14) Which of the following is an atomic element?
A) chlorine
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
E) calcium
15) Which of the following is a molecular element?
A) neon
B) lithium
C) selenium
D) magnesium
E) titanium
16) Which of the following is a molecular element?
A) barium
B) argon
C) xenon
D) iodine
E) potassium
17) Which of the following is a molecular compound?
A) CuCl2
B) NaI
C) NaNO3
D) CH3Cl
E) RbBr
18) Which of the following exists as a diatomic molecule?
A) hydrogen
B) carbon
C) phosphorus
D) lithium
E) krypton
19) Which of the following exists as a polyatomic molecule?
A) neon
B) carbon
C) phosphorus
D) lithium
E) krypton
20) Which of the following is an ionic compound?
A) NaBr
B) CO2
C) PCl3
D) CCl4
E) SeBr2
21) Which of the following is a molecular compound?
A) CuI2
B) N2O4
C) NaNO3
D) SrSO3
E) RbI
22) Which of the following elements has the least tendency to form an ion?
A) Ca
B) K
C) Kr
D) Se
