Chapter 23 3 To which family does this organic compound belong

128) To which family does this organic compound belong?

A) amide

B) amine

C) carboxylic acid

D) ester

129) To which family does this organic compound belong?

A) amide

B) amine

C) carboxylic acid

D) ester

130) Identify the functional groups in the following compound.

A) alcohol and ketone

B) alcohol, amine, and ketone

C) amine and carboxylic acid

D) amine, hydroxide, and ketone

131) Identify the functional groups in the following compound.

A) alcohol

B) alcohol and aldehyde

C) alcohol and ketone

D) aldehyde and hydroxide

132) Identify the carboxylic acid and alcohol from which the following ester was made.

A) CH3CO2H and CH3OH

B) CH3CH2CO2H and CH3OH

C) CH3CO2H and CH3CH2OH

D) CH3CH2CO2H and CH3CH2OH

133) Identify the carboxylic acid and alcohol from which the following ester was made.

A) CH3CO2H and CH3CH2OH

B) CH3CO2H and CH3CH2CH2OH

C) CH3CH2CO2H and CH3CH2OH

D) CH3CH2CO2H and CH3CH2CH2OH

134) The sum of the many organic reactions that occur in the cell is called

A) anabolism.

B) catabolism.

C) metabolism.

D) none of these

135) The reactions that generally release energy that is used to power living organisms are called

A) anabolic reactions.

B) catabolic reactions.

C) metabolic reactions.

D) none of these

136) The major final product of the four stages of catabolism is

A) acetyl CoA.

B) ATP.

C) CO2.

D) fatty acids.

137) Which molecule is referred to as the “energy storehouse”?

A) acetyl CoA

B) ATP

C) CO2

D) fatty acids

138) Approximately what mass percent of a body’s dry weight consists of proteins?

A) 5%

B) 25%

C) 50%

D) 72%

139) In addition to an amine, which functional group do all amino acids contain?

A) an alcohol

B) an amide

C) a carboxylic acid

D) an oxyacid

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140) A peptide bond links

A) an alcohol and a ketone.

B) an amide and an aldehyde.

C) an amine and a carboxylic acid.

D) ATP and acetyl CoA.

141) What does the term “alpha” amino acid mean?

A) The amino group attaches to the carbon in the carboxyl group.

B) The amino group attaches to the carbon next to the carboxylic acid group.

C) The amino acid contains only one carbon atom.

D) The amino acid contains only one carboxylic acid group.

142) How many alpha amino acids commonly make up the different proteins found in humans?

A) 4

B) 20

C) 100

D) millions

143) What does the term “essential” mean when referring to amino acids? These are the amino

acids which

A) are necessary for digestion.

B) are necessary for respiration.

C) are synthesized in our bodies.

D) we must obtain from our diet.

144) Which is an amino acid nonpolar neutral side chain?

A) –CH3

B) –CH2OH

C) –CH2CO2H

D) –CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2

145) Which is an amino acid polar neutral side chain?

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A) –CH3

B) –CH2OH

C) –CH2CO2H

D) –CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2

146) Which is an amino acid basic side chain?

A) –CH3

B) –CH2OH

C) –CH2CO2H

D) –CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2

147) Which is an amino acid acidic side chain?

A) –CH3

B) –CH2OH

C) –CH2CO2H

D) –CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2

148) Which one of the following amino acids does not contain a basic side chain

A) arginine

B) histidine

C) lysine

D) serine

149) Which of the following amino acids is acidic?

A) alanine

B) aspartic

C) glycine

D) valine

150) Which one of the following amino acids contains a polar side chain?

A) alanine

B) glycine

C) serine

D) valine

151) Which of the following amino acids contains a benzyl group?

A) glycine

B) isoleucine

C) methionine

D) phenylalanine

152) Which one of the amino acids contains a double ring structure?

A) phenylalanine

B) proline

C) tryptophan

D) tyrosine

153) Which amino acid has the simplest structure?

A) alanine

B) glycine

C) leucine

D) valine

154) Which of the following amino acids contains a sulfur in its side chain?

A) aspartic acid

B) glutamic acid

C) methionine

D) threonine

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155) What does the term “hydrophobic” mean?

A) water reactive

B) water repelling

C) water soluble

D) none of these

156) Which one of the following amino acids contains a hydrophobic side chain?

A) leucine

B) serine

C) threonine

D) tyrosine

157) All but one of the common amino acids contain a –NH2 amino group. Which one contains

an –NH– amino group as part of a ring structure?

A) phenylalanine

B) proline

C) tryptophan

D) tyrosine

158) Peptide bonds that link amino acids together in proteins contain the ________ functional

group.

A) amine

B) amide

C) ester

D) ketone

159) In the protein, Val-Tyr-His-Pro, which amino acid contains the N-terminal group?

A) histidine

B) proline

C) tyrosine

D) valine

160) In the protein, Asn-Phe-Cys-Lys, which amino acid contains the C-terminal group?

A) asparagine

B) cysteine

C) lysine

D) phenylalanine

161) How many possible tripeptides can be made with the amino acids: tyrosine, histidine, and

cysteine, each used only once?

A) 3

B) 4

C) 6

D) 9

162) Which two amino acids form the dipeptide below?

A) asparagine and proline

B) glycine and cysteine

C) serine and alanine

D) threonine and valine

163) Which of the following notations represents the dipeptide shown below?

A) Phe-Thr

B) Thr-Phe

C) Ser-Tyr

D) Tyr-Ser

164) Which of the following notations represents the polypeptide shown below?

A) Gly-Ala-Ser

B) Gly-Val-Thr

C) Ser-Ala-Gly

D) Thr-Val-Gly

165) How many peptide bonds are present in the polypeptide shown below?

A) one

B) two

C) three

D) four

166) A partial hydrolysis of a protein yielded the following fragments: Ser-Gly, Gly-Ala, Gly-

Ala-Val, Val-Leu, Ala-Val. What is the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide?

A) Gly-Leu-Ser-Ala-Val

B) Leu-Ala-Gly-Val-Ser

C) Ser-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu

D) Val-Ala-Gly-Ser-Leu

167) Hemoglobin is a protein molecule which contains 4 iron atoms. If the mass percent of iron

is 0.342%, what is the molar mass of hemoglobin?

A) 1020 g/mol

B) 16,300 g/mol

C) 65,300 g/mol

D) none of these

168) The term “carbohydrates” refers to a large class of polyhydroxylated

A) alcohols and carboxylic acids.

B) aldehydes and ketones.

C) amines and amides.

D) ethers and esters.

169) Which suffix on a ketone or aldehyde indicates a sugar?

A) -ane

B) -ene

C) -one

D) -ose

170) The monosaccharide shown below is a(n)

A) aldohexose.

B) aldopentose.

C) ketohexose.

D) ketopentose.

171) The monosaccharide shown below is a(n)

A) aldohexose.

B) aldopentose.

C) ketohexose.

D) ketopentose.

172) What class of compounds are cyclic?

A) DNA

B) lipids

C) monosaccharides

D) proteins

173) In water, which form of glucose predominates?

A) cyclic α

B) cyclic β

C) open chain

D) All three are equal in solution.

174) When crystallized, which form of glucose predominates?

A) cyclic α

B) cyclic β

C) open chain

D) All three are equal in crystals.

175) Sucrose, common table sugar, when hydrolyzed will form

A) amylose and glycogen.

B) cellulose and starch.

C) glucose and fructose.

D) lactose and maltose.

176) Cellulose is a polymer consisting of thousands of

A) α-glucose molecules.

B) β-glucose molecules.

C) long chain fatty acids.

D) amino acids.

177) Which substance is a monosaccharide?

A) cellulose

B) glucose

C) glycogen

D) starch

178) Lipids are characterized by what property?

A) chemical reactivity

B) chemical structure

C) refractive index

D) solubility

179) Which statement below regarding fatty acids is not correct? Fatty acids

A) are always liquids.

B) are long chain carboxylic acids.

C) are usually unbranched chains.

D) usually have an even number of carbon atoms.

180) All of the fatty acids below contain eighteen carbons and range from saturated to three

double bonds. Which has the highest melting point?

A) stearic acid (saturated)

B) oleic acid (one double bond)

C) linoleic acid (two double bonds)

D) linolenic acid (three double bonds)

181) What functional group is commonly found in fats?

A) –NH2

B) –OH

C) –C–O–C

D) O

–O–C–C–

182) Which one of the following amine bases does not appear in DNA?

A) adenine

B) cytosine

C) guanine

D) uracil

183) The one cyclic amine base that occurs in DNA but not in RNA is

A) cystine.

B) guanine.

C) thymine.

D) uracil.

184) Which of the following is not part of a nucleotide?

A) cyclic amine base

B) fatty acid

C) phosphoric acid

D) a sugar

185) The attractive force between the cylic amine bases in DNA is

A) disulfide bridges.

B) hydrogen bonding.

C) hydrophobic stacking.

D) ionic interactions of salt bridges.

186) What is the sugar component in RNA called?

A) fructose

B) galactose

C) glucose

D) ribose

187) What is the backbone of the nucleic acid constructed of?

A) alternating sugar phosphate groups

B) amine bases

C) glucose polymers

D) polyamides

188) The nucleotide sequence, T-A-G, stands for

A) threonine-alanine-glutamine.

B) thymine-adenine-guanine.

C) tyrosine-asparagine-glutamic acid.

D) None of these

189) Which of the following bases pairs with adenine in DNA?

A) cytosine

B) guanine

C) thymine

D) uracil

190) What is the complementary DNA sequence to ATATGGTC?

A) CGCGTTGA

B) GCGCAACT

C) TATACCAG

D) TUTUCCAG

191) What is the complementary mRNA sequence to GCTATACCGT?

A) ATCGCGTTAC

B) CGAUAUGGCA

C) TUGCGCUUTG

D) UTCGCGTTUC

192) The base sequences in mRNA that code for particular amino acids are Trp: UGG, Phe:

UUU, and Glu: GAA. What is the peptide that is produced from the DNA sequence:

CTTACCAAA?

A) Glu-Phe-Trp

B) Glu-Trp-Phe

C) Phe-Trp-Glu

D) Trp-Glu-Phe

193) The process of forming mRNA from DNA is called

A) metamorphosis.

B) replication.

C) transcription.

D) translation.

194) Transfer-RNA is involved in

A) replication.

B) transcription.

C) translation.

D) none of these

195) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Alanine (Ala)

B) Glycine (Gly)

C) Isoleucine (Ile)

D) Leucine (Leu)

196) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Alanine (Ala)

B) Glycine (Gly)

C) Isoleucine (Ile)

D) Leucine (Leu)

197) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Alanine (Ala)

B) Glycine (Gly)

C) Isoleucine (Ile)

D) Leucine (Leu)

198) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Alanine (Ala)

B) Glycine (Gly)

C) Isoleucine (Ile)

D) Leucine (Leu)