Chapter 23 3 All Three Are Equal Crystals answer Atopic Section

144) What does the term “essential” mean when referring to amino acids? These are the amino acids

which

A) are necessary for digestion.

B) are necessary for respiration.

C) are synthesized in our bodies.

D) we must obtain from our diet.

145) Which is an amino acid nonpolar neutral side chain?

A) –CH3

B) –CH2OH

C) –CH2CO2H

D) –CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2

146) Which is an amino acid polar neutral side chain?

A) –CH3

B) –CH2OH

C) –CH2CO2H

D) –CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2

147) Which is an amino acid basic side chain?

A) –CH3

B) –CH2OH

C) –CH2CO2H

D) –CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2

148) Which is an amino acid acidic side chain?

A) –CH3

B) –CH2OH

C) –CH2CO2H

D) –CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2

149) Which one of the following amino acids does not contain a basic side chain

A) arginine

B) histidine

C) lysine

D) serine

150) Which of the following amino acids is acidic?

A) alanine

B) aspartic

C) glycine

D) valine

151) Which one of the following amino acids contains a polar side chain?

A) alanine

B) glycine

C) serine

D) valine

152) Which of the following amino acids contains a benzyl group?

A) glycine

B) isoleucine

C) methionine

D) phenylalanine

153) Which one of the amino acids contains a double ring structure?

A) phenylalanine

B) proline

C) tryptophan

D) tyrosine

154) Which amino acid has the simplest structure?

A) alanine

B) glycine

C) leucine

D) valine

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155) Which of the following amino acids contains a sulfur in its side chain?

A) aspartic acid

B) glutamic acid

C) methionine

D) threonine

156) What does the term “hydrophobic” mean?

A) water reactive

B) water repelling

C) water soluble

D) none of these

157) Which one of the following amino acids contains a hydrophobic side chain?

A) leucine

B) serine

C) threonine

D) tyrosine

158) All but one of the common amino acids contain a –NH2 amino group. Which one contains an –NH–

amino group as part of a ring structure?

A) phenylalanine

B) proline

C) tryptophan

D) tyrosine

159) An individual amino acid that makes up a protein polymer is called a ________.

A) backbone,

B) peptide.

C) residue.

D) substrate.

160) Peptide bonds that link amino acids together in proteins contain the ________ functional group.

A) amine

B) amide

C) ester

D) ketone

161) In the protein, Val-Tyr-His-Pro, which amino acid contains the N-terminal group?

A) histidine

B) proline

C) tyrosine

D) valine

162) In the protein, Asn-Phe-Cys-Lys, which amino acid contains the C-terminal group?

A) asparagine

B) cysteine

C) lysine

D) phenylalanine

163) How many possible tripeptides can be made with the amino acids: tyrosine, histidine, and cysteine,

each used only once?

A) 3

B) 4

C) 6

D) 9

164) Which two amino acids form the dipeptide below?

A) asparagine and proline

B) glycine and cysteine

C) serine and alanine

D) threonine and valine

165) Which of the following notations represents the dipeptide shown below?

A) Phe-Thr

B) Thr-Phe

C) Ser-Tyr

D) Tyr-Ser

166) Which of the following notations represents the polypeptide shown below?

A) Gly-Ala-Ser

B) Gly-Val-Thr

C) Ser-Ala-Gly

D) Thr-Val-Gly

167) How many peptide bonds are present in the polypeptide shown below?

A) one

B) two

C) three

D) four

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168) A partial hydrolysis of a protein yielded the following fragments: Ser-Gly, Gly-Ala, Gly-Ala-Val,

Val-Leu, Ala-Val. What is the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide?

A) Gly-Leu-Ser-Ala-Val

B) Leu-Ala-Gly-Val-Ser

C) Ser-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu

D) Val-Ala-Gly-Ser-Leu

169) Hemoglobin is a protein molecule which contains 4 iron atoms. If the mass percent of iron is

0.342%, what is the molar mass of hemoglobin?

A) 1020 g/mol

B) 16,300 g/mol

C) 65,300 g/mol

D) none of these

170) The term “carbohydrates” refers to a large class of polyhydroxylated ________.

A) alcohols and carboxylic acids

B) aldehydes and ketones

C) amines and amides

D) ethers and esters

171) Which suffix on a ketone or aldehyde indicates a sugar?

A) -ane

B) -ene

C) -one

D) -ose

172) The monosaccharide shown below is a(n)

A) aldohexose.

B) aldopentose.

C) ketohexose.

D) ketopentose.

173) The monosaccharide shown below is a(n)

A) aldohexose.

B) aldopentose.

C) ketohexose.

D) ketopentose.

174) What class of compounds are cyclic?

A) DNA

B) lipids

C) monosaccharides

D) proteins

175) In water, which form of glucose predominates?

A) cyclic α

B) cyclic β

C) open chain

D) All three are equal in solution.

176) When crystallized, which form of glucose predominates?

A) cyclic α

B) cyclic β

C) open chain

D) All three are equal in crystals.

177) Sucrose, common table sugar, when hydrolyzed will form ________.

A) amylose and glycogen

B) cellulose and starch

C) glucose and fructose

D) lactose and maltose

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178) Lactose, or milk sugar, when hydrolyzed will form ________.

A) amylose and glycogen

B) cellulose and starch

C) glucose and galactose

D) fructose and maltose

179) Cellulose is a polymer consisting of thousands of

A) α-glucose molecules.

B) β-glucose molecules.

C) long chain fatty acids.

D) amino acids.

180) Which substance is a monosaccharide?

A) cellulose

B) glucose

C) glycogen

D) starch

181) Lipids are characterized by what property?

A) chemical reactivity

B) chemical structure

C) refractive index

D) solubility

182) Which statement below regarding fatty acids is not correct? Fatty acids

A) are always liquids.

B) are long chain carboxylic acids.

C) are usually unbranched chains.

D) usually have an even number of carbon atoms.

183) All of the fatty acids below contain eighteen carbons and range from saturated to three double

bonds. Which has the highest melting point?

A) stearic acid (saturated)

B) oleic acid (one double bond)

C) linoleic acid (two double bonds)

D) linolenic acid (three double bonds)

184) What functional group is commonly found in fats?

A) NH2

B) OH

C) C O C

D) O

O C C

185) Which one of the following amine bases does not appear in DNA?

A) adenine

B) cytosine

C) guanine

D) uracil

186) The one cyclic amine base that occurs in DNA but not in RNA is ________.

A) cystine

B) guanine

C) thymine

D) uracil

187) Which of the following is not part of a nucleotide?

A) cyclic amine base

B) fatty acid

C) phosphoric acid

D) a sugar

188) The attractive force between the cylic amine bases in DNA is

A) disulfide bridges.

B) hydrogen bonding.

C) hydrophobic stacking.

D) ionic interactions of salt bridges.

189) What is the sugar component in RNA called?

A) fructose

B) galactose

C) glucose

D) ribose

190) What is the backbone of the nucleic acid constructed of?

A) alternating sugar phosphate groups

B) amine bases

C) glucose polymers

D) polyamides

191) The nucleotide sequence, T-A-G, stands for

A) threonine-alanine-glutamine

B) thymine-adenine-guanine

C) tyrosine-asparagine-glutamic acid

D) None of these

192) Which of the following bases pairs with adenine in DNA?

A) cytosine

B) guanine

C) thymine

D) uracil

193) What is the complementary DNA sequence to ATATGGTC?

A) CGCGTTGA

B) GCGCAACT

C) TATACCAG

D) TUTUCCAG

194) What is the complementary mRNA sequence to GCTATACCGT?

A) ATCGCGTTAC

B) CGAUAUGGCA

C) TUGCGCUUTG

D) UTCGCGTTUC

195) The base sequences in mRNA that code for particular amino acids are Trp: UGG, Phe: UUU, and

Glu: GAA. What is the peptide that is produced from the DNA sequence: CTTACCAAA?

A) Glu-Phe-Trp

B) Glu-Trp-Phe

C) Phe-Trp-Glu

D) Trp-Glu-Phe

196) The process of forming mRNA from DNA is called

A) metamorphosis.

B) replication.

C) transcription.

D) translation.

197) Transfer-RNA is involved in

A) replication.

B) transcription.

C) translation.

D) none of these

198) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Alanine (Ala)

B) Glycine (Gly)

C) Isoleucine (Ile)

D) Leucine (Leu)

199) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Alanine (Ala)

B) Glycine (Gly)

C) Isoleucine (Ile)

D) Leucine (Leu)

200) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Alanine (Ala)

B) Glycine (Gly)

C) Isoleucine (Ile)

D) Leucine (Leu)

201) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Alanine (Ala)

B) Glycine (Gly)

C) Isoleucine (Ile)

D) Leucine (Leu)

202) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Methionine (Met)

B) Phenylalanine (Phe)

C) Proline (Pro)

D) Tryptophan (Trp)

203) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Methionine (Met)

B) Phenylalanine (Phe)

C) Proline (Pro)

D) Tryptophan (Trp)

204) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Methionine (Met)

B) Phenylalanine (Phe)

C) Proline (Pro)

D) Tryptophan (Trp)

205) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Methionine (Met)

B) Phenylalanine (Phe)

C) Proline (Pro)

D) Tryptophan (Trp)

206) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Cysteine (Cys)

B) Serine (Ser)

C) Threonine (Thr)

D) Tyrosine (Tyr)

207) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Cysteine (Cys)

B) Serine (Ser)

C) Threonine (Thr)

D) Tyrosine (Tyr)

208) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Cysteine (Cys)

B) Serine (Ser)

C) Threonine (Thr)

D) Tyrosine (Tyr)

209) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Cysteine (Cys)

B) Serine (Ser)

C) Threonine (Thr)

D) Tyrosine (Tyr)

210) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Asparagine (Asn)

B) Aspartic acid (Asp)

C) Glutamic acid (Glu)

D) Glutamine (Gln)

211) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Asparagine (Asn)

B) Aspartic acid (Asp)

C) Glutamic acid (Glu)

D) Glutamine (Gln)

212) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Asparagine (Asn)

B) Aspartic acid (Asp)

C) Glutamic acid (Glu)

D) Glutamine (Gln)

213) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Asparagine (Asn)

B) Aspartic acid (Asp)

C) Glutamic acid (Glu)

D) Glutamine (Gln)

214) Identify the amino acid shown below.

A) Arganine (Arg)

B) Histidine (His)

C) Lysine (Lys)

D) Valine (Val)