Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th Edition
Chapter 22: Cardiac Failure
Test Bank
1. A 70-year-old woman has had difficulty in breathing. She has been diagnosed with acute
pulmonary edema. Which of the following therapies is most beneficial?
A. Place tourniquets on all four limbs
B. Infuse red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma
C. Infuse saline
D. Infuse dobutamine
E. Infuse norepinephrine
2. Which of the following normally causes renal sodium retention during compensated heart
failure?
A. Increased angiotensin II formation
B. Increased atrial natriuretic factor release
C. Sympathetic vasodilation of the afferent arterioles
D. Increased glomerular filtration rate
E. Increased ADH formation
3. Which of the following is normally associated with the chronic stages of compensated
heart failure? Assume the patient is resting.
A. Dyspnea
B. Decreased right atrial pressure
C. Decreased heart rate
D. Sweating
E. Increased mean systemic filling pressure
4. Which of the following normally occur in unilateral right heart failure?
A. Increased mean pulmonary filling pressure
B. Increased left atrial pressure
C. Peripheral edema
D. Pulmonary edema
E. Increased pulmonary artery pressure
Test Bank
22-2
5. Which of the following is normally associated with the chronic stages of compensated
heart failure? Assume the patient is resting.
A. Decreased mean systemic filling pressure
B. Increased right atrial pressure
C. Increased heart rate
D. Sweating
E. Dyspnea
6. Which of the following normally causes either renal sodium or water retention during
compensated heart failure?
A. Decreased angiotensin II formation
B. Decreased aldosterone formation
C. Sympathetic vasodilation of the afferent arterioles
D. Increased glomerular filtration rate
E. Increased ADH formation
7. Which of the following would normally be the most beneficial for a patient with acute
pulmonary edema?
A. Place tourniquets on all four limbs
B. Infuse dobutamine
C. Infuse saline
D. Infuse norepinephrine
E. Infuse whole blood
8. A 60-year-old man had a heart attack two days ago, and his blood pressure has continued
to decrease. He is now in cardiogenic shock. Which of the following therapies is most
beneficial?
A. Place tourniquets on all four limbs
B. Give a sympathetic inhibitor
C. Give furosemide
D. Give a blood volume expander
E. Increase dietary sodium
9. Which of the following often occur in decompensated heart failure?
A. Edema of the heart muscle
B. Increased norepinephrine in cardiac sympathetic nerves
C. Increased calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of cardiac muscle cells
D. Decreased right atrial pressure
Test Bank
22-3
E. Increased arterial pressure
10. Which of the following is normally associated with the chronic stages of compensated
heart failure? Assume the patient is resting.
A. Dyspnea
B. Decreased right atrial pressure
C. Decreased heart rate
D. Sweating
E. Increased mean systemic filling pressure