Art Questions
53) Refer to the figure above (first three rows of the periodic table). If life arose on a planet where
carbon is absent, which element might fill the role of carbon?
A) boron
B) silicon
C) nitrogen
D) aluminum
E) phosphorus
54) Which drawing in the figure above depicts the electron configuration of an element with chemical
properties most similar to Helium (2He)?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
55) Which drawing in the figure above depicts the electron configuration of an atom that can form
covalent bonds with two hydrogen atoms?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
56) Which drawing in the figure above depicts the electron configuration of an atom capable of forming
three covalent bonds with other atoms?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
57) Which drawing in the figure above is of the electron configuration of a sodium 11Na+ ion?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
58) Which drawing in the figure above depicts the most electronegative atom?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
59) Which drawing in the figure above depicts an atom with a valence of 3?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
60) Which drawing in the figure above depicts an atom with a valence of 2?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
61) In the figure above, how many electrons does nitrogen have in its valence shell?
A) 2
B) 5
C) 7
D) 8
E) 14
62) In the figure above, how many unpaired electrons does phosphorus have in its valence shell?
A) 15
B) 2
C) 3
D) 7
E) 5
63) How many neutrons are present in the nucleus of a phosphorus-32 (32P) atom (see the figure
above)?
A) 5
B) 15
C) 16
D) 17
E) 32
64) How many electrons does an atom of sulfur have in its valence shell (see the figure above)?
A) 4
B) 6
C) 8
D) 16
E) 32
65) Based on electron configuration, which of these elements in the figure above would exhibit a
chemical behavior most like that of oxygen?
A) carbon
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) sulfur
E) phosphorus
66) The illustration above shows a representation of formic acid. A formic acid molecule
A) will form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
B) has a tetrahedral configuration of hybrid electron orbitals for the carbon atom.
C) consists of largely nonpolar covalent bonds.
D) is held together by hydrogen bonds.
E) has a tetrahedral shape and will form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
67) What results from the chemical reaction illustrated above?
A) a cation with a net charge of +1
B) a cation with a net charge of -1
C) an anion with a net charge of +1
D) an anion with a net charge of -1
E) a cation with a net charge of +1 and an anion with a net charge of -1
68) What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated above?
A) 1
B) 8
C) 10
D) 11
E) 16
69) What causes the shape of the molecule shown above?
A) the configuration of the 2 p orbitals in the carbon atom
B) the configuration of the 1 s orbital in the carbon atom
C) the configuration of the sp hybrid orbitals of the electrons shared between the carbon and hydrogen
atoms
D) the packing of the carbon and hydrogen atoms in a crystal lattice
E) hydrogen bonding configurations between the carbon and hydrogen atoms
70) In the methane molecule shown in the figure above, bonds have formed that include both the s
orbital valence electrons of the hydrogen atoms and the p orbital valence electrons of the carbon. The
electron orbitals in these bonds are said to be
A) double orbitals.
B) tetrahedral orbitals.
C) complex orbitals.
D) hybrid orbitals.
E) polar orbitals.
21
71) Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form a cation with a charge of +1?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
72) Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form an anion with a charge of –1?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
73) Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form a polar covalent bond?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
74) Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form an ionic bond?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Scenario Question
75) A group of molecular biologists is trying to synthesize a new artificial compound to mimic the
effects of a known hormone that influences sexual behavior. They have turned to you for advice. Which
of the following compounds is most likely to mimic the effects of the hormone?
A) a compound with the same number of carbon atoms as the hormone
B) a compound with the same molecular mass (measured in daltons) as the hormone
C) a compound with the same three-dimensional shape as part of the hormone
D) a compound with the same number of orbital electrons as the hormone
E) a compound with the same number of hydrogen and nitrogen atoms as the hormone
End-of-Chapter Questions
The following questions are from the end-of–chapter “Test Your Understanding” section in Chapter 2 of
the textbook.
76) In the term trace element, the modifier trace means that
A) the element is required in very small amounts.
B) the element can be used as a label to trace atoms through an organism’s metabolism.
C) the element is very rare on Earth.
D) the element enhances health but is not essential for the organism’s long-term survival.
E) the element passes rapidly through the organism.
77) Compared with 31P, the radioactive isotope 32P has
A) a different atomic number.
B) a different charge.
C) one more proton.
D) one more electron.
E) one more neutron.
78) The reactivity of an atom arises from
A) the average distance of the outermost electron shell from the nucleus.
B) the existence of unpaired electrons in the valence shell.
C) the sum of the potential energies of all the electron shells.
D) the potential energy of the valence shell.
E) the energy difference between the s and p orbitals.
79) Which statement is true of all atoms that are anions?
A) The atom has more electrons than protons.
B) The atom has more protons than electrons.
C) The atom has fewer protons than does a neutral atom of the same element.
D) The atom has more neutrons than protons.
E) The net charge is 1-.
80) Which of the following statements correctly describes any chemical reaction that has reached
equilibrium?
A) The concentrations of products and reactants are equal.
B) The reaction is now irreversible.
C) Both forward and reverse reactions have halted.
D) The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
E) No reactants remain.
81) We can represent atoms by listing the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for example,
2p+; 2n0; 2e– for helium. Which of the following represents the 18O isotope of oxygen?
A) 6p+, 8n0, 6e–
B) 8p+, 10n0, 8e–
C) 9p+, 9n0, 9e–
D) 7p+, 2n0, 9e–
E) 10p+, 8n0, 9e–
82) The atomic number of sulfur is 16. Sulfur combines with hydrogen by covalent bonding to form a
compound, hydrogen sulfide. Based on the number of valence electrons in a sulfur atom, predict the
molecular formula of the compound:
A) HS
B) HS2
C) H2S
D) H3S2
E) H4S
83) What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all atoms are accounted for in the
products?
C6H12O6 → ____ C2H6O + ____ CO2
A) 1; 2
B) 3; 1
C) 1; 3
D) 1; 1
E) 2; 2