d. all of the above.
e. none of the above.
111. Psyching yourself up before a soccer game is an example of
a. positive prediction.
b. a self-imposed prophecy.
c. other-imposed prophecy.
d. anxiety reduction.
e. none of the above.
112. Which of the following does not characterize identity management?
a. Identity management is collaborative.
b. We construct multiple identities.
c. Collaboration in identity management doesn’t mean the same thing as agreement.
d. Identity management is always deliberate.
e. Not all behavior is aimed at making impressions.
113. Popular TV shows featuring makeovers suggest to us that our appearance must be improved, which
can lead us to feel worse about ourselves. This idea best relates to
a. reflected appraisal.
b. social comparison.
c. self-fulfilling prophecy.
d. identity management.
e. presenting self.
114. Chandra looking at many different Facebook profiles and then feeling better about herself is an
example of
a. reflected appraisal.
b. social comparison.
c. self-fulfilling prophecy.
d. identity management.
e. presenting self.
115. The ability to manage identities in different settings and cultures is a feature of
a. high self-esteem.
b. too much self-disclosure.
c. social exchange theory.
d. communication competence.
e. equivocation.
116. Googling your own name to see what comes up might inspire you to manage your public identity
by engaging in
a. self-disclosure.
b. lying.
c. reputation management.
d. catharsis.
e. cognitive conservatism.
117. The popular term known as “TMI” best relates to which of these guidelines for self-disclosure?
a. Is the other person important to you?
b. Are the amount and type of disclosure appropriate?
c. Is the self-disclosure reciprocated?
d. Do you have a moral obligation to disclose?
e. none of the above
118. In the “Talking with Little Girls” reading, Lisa Bloom writes about
a. how important it is to compliment a little girl’s appearance.
b. how we should consider sending messages to little girls that we value their brains .
c. how saying “How cute you are” to a little girl when you first see her teaches her that looks are
more important than anything.
d. both b and c.
e. all of the above.
119. Which of the following statements summarizes Lexie Lopez-Mayo’s thoughts in the “Looking at
Diversity” reading?
a. Culture plays a role in self-disclosure and communication.
b. Gender plays a role in self-disclosure and communication.
c. Personality plays a role in self-disclosure and communication.
d. All of the above are true statements.
e. None of the above are true statements.
120. Quadrants of the Johari Window are
a. open, narrow, blind, unknown.
b. open, hidden, blind, unknown.
c. broad, narrow, blind, unknown.
d. open, hidden, neutral, unknown.
e. open, closed, neutral, unknown.
121. Which of the following best fits the definition of self-disclosure?
a. telling your romantic partner about your feelings toward him/her
b. telling your college teacher about past grades
c. telling your mother your weight
d. telling your family physician about your health
e. telling anyone anything about you
122. Privacy management means
a. the choices we make to reveal or conceal information about ourselves.
b. weighing the pros and cons of self-disclosing.
c. making a conscious and deliberate decision to self-disclose.
d. all of the above.
e. none of the above.
123. In the Chapter Nine “Communication Transcript,” Ramon discloses to his boss, Julie. Which of the
following guidelines for self-disclosure did Ramon seem to ignore as he talked with her?
a. Ask yourself if the risk of disclosure is reasonable.
b. Determine if the self-disclosure is relevant to the situation at hand.
c. Decide if the other person is important to you.
d. Select the appropriate amount and type of self-disclosure.
e. Ramon ignored all of the guidelines.
124. According to your text, all of the following are reasons people choose to be somewhat deceitful in
relationships except
a. to guide social interaction.
b. to empower others.
c. to save face.
d. to avoid conflict.
e. to manage resources.
125. You’ve just delivered a speech to your classmates which none of them liked very much. According
to your text, which of the following is the response you are most likely to hear when you ask them
how you did?
a. “You did a great job.”
b. “I’m nervous about my speech tomorrow.”
c. “I don’t think it was a very good speech.”
d. “You made some interesting points.”
e. None of these answers are correct.
126. The Johari Window is an important device to help explore the role
a. coding plays in communication.
b. interpretation plays in clarifying understanding.
c. feedback plays in negative relationships.
d. self-disclosure plays in communication.
e. affection needs play in strong relationships.
127. According to the text, which of the following is good advice about self-disclosure?
a. Wait for the other person to open up before you do.
b. The more self-disclosure, the better.
c. Self-disclosure is most productive when delivered in a constructive manner.
d. Most relationships are characterized by almost constant amounts of self-disclosure.
e. It’s best to accompany each piece of negative self-disclosure with a compliment to soften any
hurt.
128. The social penetration model by Altman and Taylor
a. shows ways in which a relationship can be more or less intimate.
b. suggests how relationships can operate on superficial or more personal levels.
c. defines a relationship in terms of its breadth and depth.
d. helps identify why certain relationships are strong or weak.
e. All of these answers are correct.
129. To qualify as self-disclosure, a statement must
a. involve feelings.
b. be deliberate, significant, and not otherwise known.
c. be reciprocated by the same type of statement from a partner.
d. involve intimate information.
e. be shared privately.
130. The process of deliberately revealing information about oneself that is significant and would not
normally be known by others is
a. social penetration.
b. equivocation.
c. self-disclosure.
d. intimacy.
e. reciprocity.
131. According to the Altman and Taylor model, the dimension of self-disclosure where information
shared moves from being impersonal to more personal is called
a. breadth.
b. social penetration.
c. variety.
d. depth.
e. equivocation.
132. What makes the disclosure in some messages deeper than others?
a. Some revelations are more significant than others.
b. Communicators have reached the level of sharing feelings.
c. Some revelations are considered very private.
d. None of these answers are correct are reasons.
e. All of these answer are correct are reasons.
133. Saying “I love my family” versus “I love you” exemplifies that some disclosures are deeper than
others in terms of
a. being personal.
b. significance.
c. how private they are.
d. reciprocity.
e. believability.
134. When deciding how much to disclose, you should consider
a. if the other person is important to you.
b. whether the amount and type of disclosure is appropriate.
c. whether you have a moral obligation to do so.
d. whether the risk is reasonable.
e. All are factors to consider.
135. Saying to a friend, “I’ve always thought you weren’t too bright,” might show you didn’t consider
what guideline for self-disclosure?
a. Is the other person important to you?
b. Will the effect of the disclosure be constructive?
c. Is the amount of disclosure appropriate?
d. Is the type of disclosure appropriate?
e. Do you have a moral obligation to disclose?
136. Of the following, what is not considered a benefit of self-disclosure?
a. self-validation
b. catharsis
c. self-clarification
d. reciprocity
e. increased likeability
137. Of the following, what is not considered a risk of self-disclosure?
a. loss of influence
b. negative impression
c. decrease in number of relationships
d. fear of disapproval
e. decrease in relational satisfaction
138. All of the following are alternatives to self-disclosure except
a. lying
b. silence
c. reciprocity
d. equivocation
e. hinting
139. A benevolent lie
a. is considered nonmalicious.
b. is never appropriate for someone who has morals.
c. will generally hurt another.
d. will only be considered helpful in extreme situations.
e. None of these answers are correct are true.
140. In one study of 130 subjects who kept track of the truthfulness of their everyday, conversational
statements,
a. 25 percent of these statements proved to be totally honest.
b. 38.5 percent of these statements proved to be totally honest.
c. 55.5 percent of these statements proved to be totally honest.
d. 66 percent of these statements proved to be totally honest.
e. 75 percent of these statements proved to be totally honest.
141. One experiment determined that the average lie rate was
a. 3 fibs for every 10 minutes of conversation.
b. 5 fibs for every 10 minutes of conversation.
c. 7 fibs for every 10 minutes of conversation.
d. 1 fib for every 5 minutes of conversation.
e. 10 fibs for every 15 minutes of conversation.
142. When Kathy told Abraham, “I’m just not ready for a serious relationship right now,” instead of
saying, “I’m not attracted to you,” she was
a. lying.
b. equivocating.
c. hinting.
d. placating.
e. self-disclosing.
143. Equivocating can be advantageous because it
a. can save face for both the sender and receiver.
b. provides an alternative to lying.
c. spares the receiver from embarrassment.
d. spares the teller from feeling guilty.
e. All of these answers are correct or true.
144. If someone says, “I really have to go. I should be studying for a test tomorrow,” he/she would be
lying in order to
a. acquire resources.
b. protect resources.
c. avoid interaction with another.
d. avoid tension.
e. show they’re in control of a situation.
145. Of the following, what is not considered an effect of lying?
a. Once lied to, you may need to redefine previous messages from the liar.
b. Deception is more acceptable depending on the liar’s motives.
c. A lie will be considered a transgression if it is exploitive.
d. The importance of the information lied about is a key factor in provoking a relational crisis.
e. All of these answers can be effects.
146. According to your text, hinting
a. is less direct than an equivocal statement.
b. aims to get a desired response from others.
c. is not considered an alternative to lying.
d. is not considered face-saving.
e. doesn’t depend on the other’s ability to pick up the unexpressed message.
147. “I’m pretty sure that smoking isn’t permitted here,” is an example of
a. lying.
b. equivocating.
c. hinting.
d. self-disclosure.
e. social penetration.
148. INSTRUCTIONS: Match each description below with the most accurate term.
a. reflected appraisal
b. significant other
c. cognitive conservatism
d. presenting self
e. perceived self
The private self you honestly believe you are.
149. INSTRUCTIONS: Match each description below with the most accurate term.
a. reflected appraisal
b. significant other
c. cognitive conservatism
d. presenting self
e. perceived self
The tendency to cling to an existing self-concept.
150. INSTRUCTIONS: Match each description below with the most accurate term.
a. reflected appraisal
b. significant other
c. cognitive conservatism
d. presenting self
e. perceived self
A person whose opinion we especially value.
151. INSTRUCTIONS: Match each description below with the most accurate term.
a. reflected appraisal
b. significant other
c. cognitive conservatism
d. presenting self
e. perceived self
Process of judging ourselves by the s of others.
152. INSTRUCTIONS: Match each description below with the most accurate term.
a. reflected appraisal
b. significant other
c. cognitive conservatism
d. presenting self
e. perceived self
The “face” you show to others.
153. INSTRUCTIONS: Match the statement below with the term it best describes.
a. definition of self-disclosure
b. significant self-disclosure
c. Johari Window
d. social penetration
e. deliberate self-disclosure
Model to explore the role that self-disclosure plays in interpersonal communication.
154. INSTRUCTIONS: Match the statement below with the term it best describes.
a. definition of self-disclosure
b. significant self-disclosure
c. Johari Window
d. social penetration
e. deliberate self-disclosure
Model to examine breadth and depth of self-disclosure.
155. INSTRUCTIONS: Match the statement below with the term it best describes.
a. definition of self-disclosure
b. significant self-disclosure
c. Johari Window
d. social penetration
e. deliberate self-disclosure
Sharing a secret that you’ve never told anyone.
156. INSTRUCTIONS: Match the statement below with the term it best describes.
a. definition of self-disclosure
b. significant self-disclosure
c. Johari Window
d. social penetration
e. deliberate self-disclosure
Deliberately revealing significant personal information that would not normally be known by others.
157. INSTRUCTIONS: Match the statement below with the term it best describes.
a. definition of self-disclosure
b. significant self-disclosure
c. Johari Window
d. social penetration
e. deliberate self-disclosure
Setting up a special lunch date in order to reveal your feelings to your romantic partner.
158. Your textbook authors give some suggestions about how to embrace a more positive self-image.
Think about some aspects of your self-concept you would like to change. Next, for each, explain
whether (1) you have a realistic perception of yourself in this area, 2) you have realistic
expectations of yourself in this area, 3) you are or aren’t willing to do what it takes to change, 4)
you have enough information and know-how to carry out the change.
159. Describe two people for whom you are a significant other. Describe your communication behavior
with each of them, giving examples of how (a) you deliver “booster” and “buster” messages to each
of them; (b) you create self-fulfilling prophecies that work for and against each of them; and (c)
they allow your communication with them to affect their behavior.
160. Describe a recent self-fulfilling prophecy which you have imposed upon yourself that affects your
communication. In what cases have you imposed it? What have the results been? How realistic was
the prophecy? Does answering these questions change how you’ll talk to yourself in the future?
How? Next, describe a self-fulfilling prophecy you have imposed upon another person. How did
you communicate it (i.e., what messages did you send, and what channels did you use)? What effect
did your prophecy have upon your partner? Does answering this question affect how you’ll
communicate with the other person in the future? How?
161. Explain how you managed impressions with others in a recent important event in your life. Cite the
reasons why you managed impressions and then evaluate the way you presented yourself.
162. Describe how you have managed your manner, appearance, and setting to create desired
impressions in two different specific instances.
163. Exlain the concept of reflected appraisal. Choose two people in your life who have contributed to
how you view yourself and how their communication contributed to who you are today.
164. Explain the characteristic, “The self–concept is subjective.” Discuss the reasons why a distorted
self-concept can occur. Using personal examples, also discuss how your self-concept has been
affected by distortion.
165. Explain the relationship between self-concept, self-esteem, and communication.
166. Discuss how communication played a role in shaping who you are today. Then, discuss how who
you are today affects your communication with others. Give examples.
167. Does the technology of mediated communication limit or enhance opportunities for impression
management? Explain and support your answer.
168. Explain several ways that mass media and technology contribute to the shaping of our self-concept.
169. Referring to the reasons for deceit explained in your chapter, analyze a current relationship you are
in according to the degrees of truthfulness and deceit. Are you satisfied with the level of honesty?
Explain your answer.
170. Using the social penetration model in your text, describe the breadth and depth of one important
interpersonal relationship you have. Explain why you are satisfied/unsatisfied with this relationship.
171. Draw a Johari Window describing your relationship with an important person in your life.
Comment on which parts of yourself you keep in the “hidden” area, and explain your reasons for
doing so. Describe the benefits and costs of not disclosing these parts of your personality. Next,
look at the size of the “blind” area model. Is the blind area large or small because of the amount of
feedback you get from the other person, or because of the way you react to the feedback you do
get? How would a window describing your partner’s relationship with a mutual friend look similar
to yours? Different? Explain. Are you satisfied with the kind of relationship your windows
describe? If not, what could you do to change it?
172. Your text described several reasons people tell lies. Provide examples of lies you have told or have
been told to you that illustrate three of the different reasons for lying. Discuss whether or not each
of these lies was a “benevolent lie” or not and why.
173. Discuss the various benefits and risks of self-disclosure. Provide examples from your own life
where you have experienced both the benefits and risks.
174. Explain how the tendency of disinhibition (from Chapter 1) relates to the risks of self-disclosure.
Discuss how disinhibition may impact opportunities for impression management.
175. For each of the four examples under the heading “Alternatives to Self–Disclosure” on pp. 66-67,
describe how you would choose to respond. Identify your interpersonal goal for each situation, and
then explain why your choice is appropriate.