Chapter 2
Application Layer
True-False Questions
The following are possible True/False questions for tests. The statement is given and the answer
is provided. The level of difficulty (easy, medium, hard), the reference section relevant to the
topic, and learning objective are also furnished.
1.
An application architecture is the way in which the functions of the application layer are
performed solely by the clients in the network.
2.
The four general functions of any application program are: data storage, data access logic,
application logic and presentation logic.
3.
A server farm is a group of computers that are linked together so they act as a one computer.
4.
Host-based and client-based networks are similar in that the client computer performs most
of the work.
5.
The earliest data communications networks were client-server networks.
6.
As the demand for more and more network applications grow; host-based computing
becomes the best solution.
7.
One major drawback to a client-server network lies in the fact that client-server networks
enable software and hardware from different vendors to be used together.Your typical web
browsing scenario where a person using a web browser accesses a web page from a server on
the Internet is a good example of a client-server application architecture.
8.
In a client-server network, the presentation logic is the responsibility of the client computer.
9.
The two functions of middleware are to: 1) provide a standard way of communicating that
can translate between software from different vendors, and 2) manage the message transfer
between clients and servers so that clients do not need to ‘know’ which server contains the
application’s data.
10.
Middleware is the software that sits between the application software on the client and the
application software on the server.
11.
In the three-tier architecture, the software on the client computer is responsible for the
presentation logic, an application server is responsible for the application logic and a separate
database server is responsible for the data access logic and data storage.
12.
A “thin client” approach places most of the application logic on the client.
13.
The application architecture called the distributed computing model uses the “thick” client
approach.
14.
Scalability refers to the ability to increase or decrease the capacity of the computing
infrastructure in response to changing capacity needs.
15.
To use the Web, each client computer requires a data link layer software package called a
Web browser.
16.
The standard protocol for communication between a Web browser and a Web server is the
web protocol.
17.
The World Wide Web was conceived at University of Utah as part of the development of the
Internet.
18.
A request header for an HTTP request starts with a command, such as GET, and ends with
the HTTP version number that the browser understands.
19.
All three parts (request line, request header, request body) of an HTTP request from a web
browser to a web server are required when a request is made.
Answer: False
20.
The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the least commonly used e-mail standard.
21.
The two-tier e-mail architecture does not require any application software on the client
computer.
22.
Using the POP standard for client to server e-mail communication, the e-mail messages
remain on the server computer.
23.
Web-based e-mail like Hotmail is an example of three-tier client-server architecture that
provides access to e-mail messages.
24.
The fundamental problem in client-based networks is that all data on the server must travel to
the client for processing
25.
Cloud-hosted virtual desktops are now available through a service called DaaS allowing
users to access the same client computer (virtual desktop) from any computer and any
location.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
The following are possible multiple-choice questions for tests. The question is posed and the
answer is provided under the choices. The level of difficulty (easy, medium, hard), the reference
section relevant to the topic, and learning objective are also furnished.
1.
A(n) __________ is the way in which the functions of the application layer software are
spread among the clients and servers in the network.
a. anonymous FTP
b. data access logic
c. fat client
d. application architecture
e. response status architecture
2.
A ________ is a very large general-purpose computer that is capable of performing very
many functions as if these are done simultaneously, and storing extremely large amounts
of data.
a. workstation
b. transaction terminal
c. cluster
d. mainframe
e. personal computer
3.
A ________ is a group of computers linked together so that they act as one computer.
a. workstation
b. transaction terminal
c. server farm
d. network computer
e. transaction terminal
4.
With the two-tier client-server architecture, the server is responsible for the ________ logic.
a. application
b. presentation
c. data access
d. session
e. physical
5.
Which of the following is not a general function by any application program?
a. data storage
b. data access logic
c. application logic
d. presentation logic
e. application access storage
6.
_________ is an application program function that deals with storing and retrieving data.
a. data storage
b. data access logic
c. application logic
d. presentation logic
e. application access storage
7.
An application program function is __________, or the processing required to access data.
a. data storage
b. data access logic
c. application logic
d. presentation logic
e. application access storage
8.
______________, or the algorithms or business logic programmed into the application, can
be simple or complex depending on the application.
a. data storage
b. data access logic
c. application logic
d. presentation logic
e. application access storage
9.
________ is the presentation of information to the user and the acceptance of the user’s
commands.
a. data storage
b. data access logic
c. application logic
d. presentation logic
e. application access storage
10.
One underlying problem with a host-based network is that:
a. there are economies of scale because all computer resources are centralized
b. the server can get overloaded since it must process all messages
c. the architecture is relatively simple and works well
d. the server is the one point of control which simplifies security
e. clients (terminals) do not require sophisticated hardware/software because they do
not perform most of the work in this type of architecture
11.
With a client-based network, one fundamental problem is that:
a. the clients each must store all the data
b. the server does not have any data storage capability
c. the host or server must perform presentation logic, application logic, and data access
logic at the same time
d. all data on the server must travel to the client for processing
e. the clients must perform the data storage logic
12.
With the two-tier client-server architecture, the client is responsible for the ________ logic.
a. session
b. presentation
c. data access
d. data storage
e. networking
13.
Client-server architectures:
a. cannot connect computers that use different hardware
b. are one of the least used network architectures today
c. can use middleware to provide a standard way of communicating between software
from more than one vendor
d. assign the responsibility for the presentation logic to the server
e. were the earliest type of network architectures
14.
How are the application architecture functions split up in a client-server network?
a. the presentation logic and data storage are on the client, while the data access logic is
on the server
b. the data storage, data access, and presentation logic are on the client
c. the presentation logic is on the client, while the data storage and data access logic are
on the server
d. the data storage and data access logic are on the client, while the presentation logic
are on the server
e. the presentation logic and data access logic are on the client, and the data storage is
on the server
15.
In a client-server network, _________ gets software from different vendors to work together.
a. a front-end processor
b. serverware
c. middleware
d. centerware
e. programmer
16.
____________ is not an important middleware standard.
a. CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture
b. Distributed Computed Environment (DCE)
c. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
d. Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)
e. none of the above is an appropriate answer
17.
A(n) _________-tiered architecture uses only two sets of computers: one set of clients and
one set of servers.
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. five
e. n
18.
In the three tier architecture, the software on the client computer is responsible for the
____________.
a. presentation logic
b. application logic
c. data access logic
d. data storage
e. application storage
19.
An N-tiered architecture:
a. is generally more “scalable” than a three-tiered architecture
b. is generally less “scalable” than a three-tiered architecture
c. uses only two sets of computers in which the clients are responsible for the
application and presentation logic, and the servers are responsible for the data
d. uses exactly three sets of computers in which the client is responsible for
presentation, one set of servers is responsible for data access logic and data storage,
and application logic is spread across two or more different sets of servers
e. puts less load on a network than a two-tiered architecture because there tends to be
less communication among the servers
20.
One disadvantage of the ____________ architecture is that places a greater load on the
network.
a. two-tier
b. three tier
c. one-tier
d. n-tier
e. layered
21.
A “thin client” architecture approach:
a. always is a two-tier network architecture
b. always is an n-tiered architecture
c. places all or almost all of the application logic on the client
d. places all or almost all of the application logic on the server
e. refers to the size of the cable connecting the clients to the network