Chapter 17 Which of the following is a section of mRNA produced

Introduction to General, Organic & Biological Chemistry, 12e (Timberlake)

Chapter 17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

17.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

1) A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base and a sugar.

A) nucleoside

B) base pair

C) nucleotide

D) complementary base

E) pyrimidine

2) A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

A) nucleoside

B) base pair

C) nucleotide

D) complementary base

E) purine

3) Which of the following cannot be found in a nucleotide of RNA?

A) purine

B) pyrimidine

C) phosphate

D) ribose

E) deoxyribose

4) Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA?

A) thymine

B) uracil

C) guanine

D) cytosine

E) deoxyribose

5) Which of the following will not be found in DNA?

A) adenine

B) thymine

C) guanine

D) cytosine

E) ribose

6) Which of the following can be found in DNA?

A) ribose

B) GMP

C) uracil

D) deoxyadenosine

E) FMN

7) The interactions that link the nucleotides in a nucleic acid are

A) ionic bonds

B) peptide bonds

C) hydrogen bonds

D) hydrophobic bonds

E) phosphodiester bonds

8) The nucleotides in the backbone of DNA are held together by ________ bonds.

A) hydrogen

B) peptide

C) phosphodiester

D) glycosidic

E) ionic

9) The unique sequence of bases in a nucleic acid is called the ________ structure.

A) ionic

B) primary

C) secondary

D) tertiary

E) quaternary

10) The base sequence of the strand of DNA complementary to the segment

-T G G C A A C- is:

A) -T G G C A A C-

B) -A C C G T T G-

C) -A C C G U U G-

D) -U C C G T T G-

E) -A C G C T U G-

11) The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are ________.

A) ionic bonds

B) peptide bonds

C) hydrogen bonds

D) hydrophobic interactions

E) ester bonds

12) The two new DNA molecules formed in replication ________.

A) are different from the original DNA

B) both contain only two new daughter DNA strands

C) both contain only the parent DNA strands

D) contain one parent and one daughter strand

E) are identical, with one containing both parent strands, and the other containing both daughter

strands

13) What is the process in which the DNA double helix unfolds, and each strand serves as a

template for the synthesis of a new strand?

A) transcription

B) complementation

C) translation

D) replication

E) restriction

14) When DNA replicates, a guanine forms a base pair with ________.

A) uracil

B) adenine

C) guanine

D) thymine

E) cytosine

15) The two strands of the double helix of DNA are held together by ________.

A) hydrogen bonds

B) covalent bonds

C) dipole-dipole interactions

D) ionic bonds

E) sugar-to-phosphate bonds

16) In the synthesis of mRNA, an adenine in the DNA pairs with ________.

A) uracil

B) adenine

C) guanine

D) thymine

E) cytosine

17) Which of the following types of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA in the

nucleus to the ribosomes?

A) mRNA

B) histone RNA

C) rRNA

D) tRNA

E) sRNA

18) The base sequence of the DNA template strand is -T G C A A C-. What is the corresponding

mRNA?

A) -T G C A A C-

B) -A C G U U G-

C) –A C C U U G-

D) -U C G T T G-

E) -U C G T T C-

19) In transcription, ________.

A) the mRNA produced is identical to the parent DNA

B) a double helix containing one parent strand and one daughter strand is produced

C) uracil pairs with thymine

D) both strands of the DNA are copied

E) the mRNA produced is complementary to one strand of the DNA

20) Which of the following is a section of mRNA produced from the DNA template below?

-A T A G C T A-

A) -A T A G C T A-

B) -A U A G C U A-

C) -U A U C G A U-

D) -U U U G C U U-

E) -T A T C G A T-

21) Which one of the following base pairs is found in DNA?

A) adenine-thymine

B) adenine-guanine

C) cytosine-thymine

D) adenine-uracil

E) guanine-uracil

22) A DNA template having the base sequence -A G A T G A- would produce a mRNA with a

base sequence of ________.

A) -A G A T G A-

B) -U C U A C U-

C) -T C T U C T-

D) -T C T A C A-

E) -A C A U C A-

23) Codons are base pair sequences that ________.

A) signal the start of DNA synthesis

B) signal the end of DNA synthesis

C) code for amino acids

D) signal the start of RNA synthesis

E) code for one or more bases in mRNA

24) When mRNA is synthesized using the information from DNA, the process is called

________.

A) transportation

B) transposition

C) transcription

D) translation

E) transliteration

25) The codon is found on ________, and the anticodon is found on ________.

A) mRNA, tRNA

B) tRNA, mRNA

C) rRNA, tRNA

D) ribosomes, tRNA

E) mRNA, rRNA

26) The anticodon is ________.

A) identical to the codon on DNA

B) complementary to the codon on DNA

C) identical to the codon on mRNA

D) complementary to the codon on mRNA

E) complementary to the codon on tRNA

27) During protein synthesis, the codon for an amino acid is found on ________.

A) DNA

B) rRNA

C) tRNA

D) mRNA

E) sRNA

28) The anticodon of UAG is ________.

A) ATC

B) UAG

C) AAC

D) AUC

E) GAU

29) The codon UGA codes for ________.

A) Phe

B) Tyr

C) Start

D) Met

E) Stop

30) Translation is the process whereby ________.

A) DNA is synthesized from DNA

B) DNA is synthesized from mRNA

C) protein is synthesized from DNA

D) protein is synthesized from mRNA

E) mRNA is synthesized from DNA

31) What tripepetide is coded for by the following mRNA sequence? -UUU AGA CCA-

A) Phe-Pro-Arg

B) Pro-Arg-Phe

C) Phe-Arg-Pro

D) Leu-Pro-Arg

E) Phe-Thr-Pro

32) Mutations are the result of ________.

A) alterations in the phosphate of the DNA backbone

B) exposure to water in utero

C) physical trauma in the mother’s childhood

D) alterations in the sugar component of the DNA backbone

E) alterations in the DNA base sequence

33) The result of a defective enzyme caused by a mutation in the DNA nucleotide sequence is

________.

A) a genetic disease

B) AIDS

C) HIV

D) recombinant DNA

E) translocation

34) When a mutation occurs by elimination of one base in a DNA sequence, this mutation is

called a ________.

A) frameshift mutation

B) insertion mutation

C) substitution mutation

D) translocation mutation

E) viral mutation

35) A mutation which occurs when one base in a DNA sequence replaces another, is called a

________.

A) frameshift mutation

B) insertion mutation

C) substitution mutation

D) translocation mutation

E) viral mutation

36) Small living particles, with 3 to 200 genes, that cannot replicate without a host cell are called

________.

A) recombinant DNAs

B) viruses

C) bacteria

D) tumors

E) plasmids

37) A virus that contains RNA as its genetic material is a ________.

A) genetically engineered virus

B) bacteria

C) recombinant DNA

D) retrovirus

E) vaccine

38) Protease inhibitors, which are effective anti-HIV drugs, ________.

A) are nucleoside analogs

B) prevent reverse transcription

C) prevent synthesis of viral proteins

D) prevent mRNA synthesis

E) prevent activation of tRNA

1) Adenine is a purine.

2) Uracil is a pyrimidine.

3) A nucleotide consists of only a base and a sugar.

4) One of the differences between DNA and RNA is the sugar it contains.

5) The unique sequence of bases in a nucleic acid is the secondary structure.

6) Nucleotides are linked by phosphodiester bonds.

7) The sequence of bases in a nucleic acid is the secondary structure.

8) The DNA complement of the sequence -G C C A T- is -G C C A T-.

9) DNA is a protein.

10) In the DNA double helix, a purine can only pair with a pyrimidine.

11) mRNA codons contain three “letters.”

12) The stop codon terminates protein synthesis.

13) Messenger RNA carries protein synthesis information from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

14) The codon UUU codes for phenylalanine.

15) The codon AGA codes for serine.

16) The process of translocation involves the synthesis of mRNA.

17) The start codon is AUG.

18) Down syndrome is an acquired disease, not a genetic disease.

19) AZT is a drug used in the treatment of cancer.

20) A retrovirus uses DNA as its genetic material.

17.3 Matching Questions

Match the following.

A) tRNA

B) mRNA

C) rRNA

D) DNA

1) picks up the specific amino acids for protein synthesis

Page Ref: 17.4

Learning Obj.: 17.4