TRUE/FALSE
1. Stewardship is based on an idea that nature exists for all species alike and our success depends on how
well we manage the Earth and nature.
2. Blind technological optimism could be a trait of someone with a planetary management worldview.
3. The majority of neoclassical economists adopt a lifestyle of voluntary simplicity.
4. The cap-and-trade approach to pollution reduction means a permit holder not using its entire allocation
can save credits for future expansion.
5. Exaggeration has been a problem for the con side of environmental arguments, but never the pro side.
6. Biosphere II would have been a successful and valuable experiment if the enclosure had not been
invaded by an ant species.
7. One of the first goals for someone who seeks environmental literacy is to develop a respect or
reverence for all life.
8. The Sustainability Dozen is a list of the worst polluting compounds used on the planet today.
9. Technological advances can always be relied upon to provide solutions to our environmental
problems.
10. Natural capital refers to the physical and mental talents of humans.
11. Environmental economists take a middle of the road stance in the debate about economic growth being
sustainable.
12. The genuine progress indicator, or GPI, takes into account the harmful environmental and social costs
of all transactions.
13. Ecotaxes would tax pollution.
14. The CEO of a large carpet company has switched to leasing rather than selling carpets. This action
supports the idea of a service-flow economy.
15. A potential budget for funding total earth restoration and solving social problems is less than half the
annual U.S. military budget per year.
16. While improving environmental quality and striving for environmental sustainability is worthwhile
and admirable, it is not viable in the job market or financial investment world.
17. The humility principle advises us to be humble in the face of natural systems.
COMPLETION
1. A(n)____________________ worldview assumes that humans are dominant over all other species and
should therefore make environmental decisions based on that dominance.
2. The goods and services produced by the Earth’s natural processes that support all life are called
____________________.
3. The practice of including the estimated harmful environmental and health costs of resource use in the
market price of goods and services is called ____________________.
4. In recent years, most major U.S. federal environmental laws and regulations have been
____________________.
5. Machines, equipment, and factories are examples of ____________________ made from natural
resources.
6. Taxes that discourage pollution are called ____________________.
7. According to the environmental wisdom world view, humans are ____________________ the
community of life, and not separate from it.
8. Understanding and evaluating our environmental worldviews should be a(n) ____________________
process.
9. Using the forces of the marketplace to encourage businesses to reduce pollution and resource waste is
called ____________________.
10. Since 1992, ____________________ company has been leasing most of its copying machines as part
of its mission to provide document services rather than to sell photocopiers.
11. By 2009, the five countries that had met their Millennium Development Goals were
____________________, ____________________, ____________________,
____________________, and ____________________.
12. Muhammad Yunus and his Grameen Bank received the Nobel Peace Prize for pioneering the use of
____________________ to assist millions of people in lifting themselves out of poverty.
13. A guiding principle for environmental sustainability that advises us not to make decisions that cannot
be reversed later if the decision turns out to be wrong is the ____________________.
14. Sport hunting and mining are not allowed in national parks, but they are allowed in
____________________.
15. In 1969, the first law addressing environmental concerns was passed in the United States. This law is
the ____________________.
16. Ecological and climate change ____________________ are irreversible and should never be crossed.
MATCHING
Match the options below with this list. Use each response once, being careful to select the best choice.
a.
protects waterfowl
f.
hunting allowed
b.
CEO of eco-industrial company
g.
Clean Air Act passed
c.
Green Seal
h.
Clean Water Act passed
d.
Superfund passed
i.
limits pollution
e.
oil extraction permitted
j.
no oil extraction
1. national recreation areas
2. 1972
3. 1970
4. national parks
5. resource use permit
6. 1980
7. Ray Anderson
8. national resource lands
9. eco-labeling
10. national wildlife refuge
SHORT ANSWER
1. Assume that you are an elected official and a decision-maker in your local community. You are
responsible for allocating funding among several groups requesting funds from one particular account
that contains $10 million. The groups requesting this money are a local food bank that feeds homeless
people, the local parks department that wishes to create a greenbelt along a river that runs through
downtown, a conservation group that wishes to restore a section of the river, an elementary school that
wishes to start installing computers in some of its classrooms, a low-cost health clinic that provides
family planning information, and the local public works department wishing to establish a “tool
library” for home mechanics.
How will you allocate this $10 million, and in what way will your allocation plan help us to bring
about a sustainability revolution?
2. Is your campus a green campus (yes or no)? If it is a green campus, explain how. If it is not, explain
some things that could be done on your campus to convert it to being green.
3. You have decided to write a letter to your U.S. Senator and request support for a particular
environmental issue that is coming before the Senate that you feel is beneficial. What guidelines from
this chapter might you use as you prepare your letter, which you hope will foster cooperation from
your elected official?
4. Explain how a common trap called paralysis by analysis can prevent us from moving beyond blame
and guilt so we can effectively address environmental challenges. Draw in ideas from this chapter and
previous chapters to support your answer.
5. Consider the Core Case Study from this chapter about the changes made in the city of Chattanooga,
Tennessee. Now, think about the city or town that you live in today. Is a similar transition something
that is needed in your home town or city? If it is needed, think carefully about three major changes that
should take place, and list them. For example, is it the transportation system, a particular industry, the
local governing body? Then, under each potential change, make a brief statement about what processes
will make this change occur. Is it city government, private citizens, public agencies, environmental
groups?
If you feel your hometown or city has already addressed its environmental issues and is moving
toward a sustainable place to live, briefly explain why.
ESSAY
1. List seven things you can do to influence environmental policy.
2. What are the four principles that conservation biologists, environmental ecologists, and some free–
market economists believe should govern use of public lands?
ANS:
3. Sustainable living, or green living, is now widely covered in the popular press and media. Do you
think this general coverage addresses the issue of environmental literacy? Why or why not? Provide
specific examples as part of your answer.
4. What lifestyle choice does Gandhi’s principle of enoughness address and how does it help the
environment?