Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Chapter 17
Biotechnology
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The most recent techniques developed in the biological sciences allow the manipulation of
DNA with the ultimate goal of intervening directly with the _______ fate of organisms.
2. Small circular, extrachromosomal DNA segments are known as _______.
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
3. Enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites are called _____________.
4. Single-stranded complementary tails that are produced by restriction digestion are called
______ ends.
5. Bacterial plasmids and artificial chromosomes are used as ______ to insert foreign DNA
into host cells and create recombinant genomes.
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
6. Gel ________ is a process that separates DNA or protein fragments according to their size,
by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field.
7. The _________ from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used in genetic engineering involving crop plant genes.
8. You want to insert your favorite gene, which has been digested with Ncol endonuclease on
both ends, into a vector. Ncol recognizes the DNA sequence C*CATGG. The vector you want
to use contains many endonuclease recognition sites, but does not include an Ncol site. Which
restriction endonuclease would be the most suitable replacement to digest the vector?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Clarify Question
• What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about restriction enzymes?
Consider Possibilities
•
What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
9. Single-stranded ends generated by the same restriction enzyme are complementary to each
other. They can be joined together,
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10. Two strands of DNA that have been cut by an endonuclease can be sealed together by
a(n)
11. All of the following involve molecular biology techniques except
Check All That Apply Questions
12. Which components are required in plasmids? (check all that apply)
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Multiple Choice Questions
13. Restriction enzymes are
14. An enzyme that has been isolated from retroviruses and is used to generate cDNA is
15. Identify a sequence that is most likely to be recognized by a restriction enzyme.
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about restriction enzymes?
Consider Possibilities
•
What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
16. The most common way to follow bacterial transformation with a plasmid is by
17. You have discovered a very small amount of DNA from an ancient organism that you
want to save and study. What is the very first thing you should do to allow you to study this
DNA in the lab?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about DNA techniques?
Consider Possibilities
•
Consider the different answer options. Which can you rule out?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Check All That Apply Questions
18. A gel electrophoresis is performed, but when the gel imager is used, no bands appear.
The researcher might have forgotten to:
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about gel electrophoresis?
Consider Possibilities
•
Consider the different answer options. Which can you rule out?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Multiple Choice Questions
19. A commercially significant human protein now produced in bacteria is
20. The PCR technique requires a DNA polymerase from an organism that can endure high
heat, such as Thermus aquaticus. What step of the protocol makes the heat-stability most
necessary?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about the PCR technique?
Consider Possibilities
•
Consider the different answer options. Which can you rule out?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
21. Crop plants have been protected from certain insects by the addition of a gene for a
specific insect toxin from the bacterium
22. A key difference between transforming plant cells and human cells is
23. Imagine that a very unusual animal species had the ability to make its own aromatic
amino acids using a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase enzyme similar to
that of plants. What would happen if this animal foraged in a field of glyphosate-resistant
plants?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about herbicide resistance transgenes?
Consider Possibilities
•
Consider the different answer options. Which can you rule out?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
24. An insecticidal protein has been discovered in a bacterium known as
Check All That Apply Questions
25. Which genes were incorporated into the genome of Golden Rice? (check all that apply)
Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
26. A fourth type of restriction enzyme is identified that cleaves at precise locations like a
type II enzyme, but it also occasionally makes mistakes and cuts elsewhere. Would this type
of enzyme be a useful enzyme to use in molecular cloning?
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
best of the possible answers.
•
What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about restriction enzymes?
Consider Possibilities
•
What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
more desirable result?
27. Technique used to amplify a desired piece of DNA.
28. Organisms containing DNA from an outside source are called
Check All That Apply Questions
Chapter 17 – Biotechnology
29. You digest DNA from the frog Xenopus laevis with the enzyme NotI that produces sticky
DNA ends. You can ligate your DNA to:
Multiple Choice Questions
30. BamHI is a Type II restriction enzyme that recognizes the sequence 5′ G*GATCC 3′, and
cuts between the two Gs, leaving a 5′ overhang. If you were to digest DNA with BamHI, what
would be the sequence of the overhanging sticky ends of the two strands?