Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1)
Which of the following is not a cause of bleeding disorders?
1)
A)
a defect in the clotting cascade
B)
vitamin K deficiency
C)
excess secretion of platelet–derived growth factor (PDGF)
D)
thrombocytopenia, a condition of decreased circulating platelets
2)
Which of the following is not a structural characteristic that contributes to erythrocyte gas transport
functions?
2)
A)
produces energy anaerobically
B)
mitotically active
C)
biconcave shape
D)
hemoglobin containing–sack
3)
What is the average normal pH range of blood?
3)
A)
8.35–8.45
B)
7.35–7.45
C)
4.65–4.75
D)
7.75–7.85
4)
James has a hemoglobin measurement of 16 g/100 ml blood. This is ________.
4)
A)
within the normal range
B)
normal only if James is an infant
C)
abnormally low
D)
above normal
5)
The slowest step in the clotting process is ________.
5)
A)
production of fibrin strands
B)
binding fibrin strands
C)
release of PF3
D)
formation of prothrombin activator
6)
Which of the choices below is the parent cell for all formed elements of blood?
6)
A)
normoblast
B)
hemocytoblast
C)
polymorphonuclear cell
D)
megakaryocyte
7)
Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?
7)
A)
an increased number of RBCs
B)
decreased tissue demand for oxygen
C)
moving to a lower altitude
D)
hypoxia of EPO–producing cells
8)
When can erythroblastosis fetalis not possibly happen in the child of an Rh negative mother?
8)
A)
if the child is type O positive
B)
if the father is Rh+
C)
if the father is Rh–
D)
if the child is Rh+
9)
Platelets ________.
9)
A)
have multiple nuclei
B)
have a life span of about 120 days
C)
are the precursors of leukocytes
D)
stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the break
10)
All of the following can be expected with polycythemia except ________.
10)
A)
high blood pressure
B)
increased blood volume
C)
high hematocrit
D)
low blood viscosity
11)
Which blood type is generally called the universal donor?
11)
A)
A
B)
O
C)
B
D)
AB
12)
All of the following conditions impair coagulation except ________.
12)
A)
liver disease
B)
vascular spasm
C)
vitamin K deficiency
D)
severe hypocalcemia
13)
Blood reticulocyte counts provide information regarding ________.
13)
A)
rate of erythrocyte formation
B)
rate of platelet formation
C)
WBC ability to defend the body against disease
D)
clotting ability of the blood
14)
Which of the statements below is an incorrect or false statement?
14)
A)
Blood typing for the Kell, Lewis, and Duffy factors is always done before a blood transfusion.
B)
Unique to the ABO blood group is the presence in the plasma of preformed antibodies.
C)
Transfusion of incompatible blood can be fatal.
D)
When a transfusion reaction occurs, the oxygen–carrying capacity of the transfused blood
cells is disrupted and the clumping of RBCs in small vessels hinders blood flow to tissues
beyond those points.
15)
Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis?
15)
A)
vascular spasm
B)
coagulation
C)
fibrinolysis
D)
platelet plug formation
16)
Which of the following is not a distribution function of blood?
16)
A)
transport of metabolic wastes from cells
B)
transport of hormones to their target organs
C)
delivery of oxygen to body cells
D)
transport of salts to maintain blood volume
D
17)
A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and causing an appearance of large
pale cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of ________.
17)
A)
aplastic anemia
B)
pernicious anemia
C)
sickle–cell anemia
D)
polycythemia
B
18)
Which sequence is correct for the following events?
1. fibrinogen
fibrin
2. clot retraction
3. formation of thromboplastin
4. prothrombin
thrombin
18)
A)
3, 2, 1, 4
B)
3, 4, 1, 2
C)
1, 2, 3, 4
D)
4, 3, 1, 2
B
19)
When neither anti–A serum nor anti–B serum clot on a blood plate with donor blood, the blood is
type ________.
19)
A)
A
B)
AB
C)
B
D)
O
D
C
20)
Which of the following is a protective function of blood?
20)
A)
prevention of blood loss
B)
maintenance of body temperature
C)
maintenance of normal pH in body tissue
D)
maintenance of adequate fluid volume
21)
Which of the following is not a functional characteristic of WBCs?
21)
A)
diapedesis
B)
positive chemotaxis
C)
ameboid motion
D)
granulosis
22)
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production?
22)
A)
brain
B)
pancreas
C)
liver
D)
kidney
23)
Blood is a ________.
23)
A)
homogeneous compound
B)
suspension
C)
heterogeneous compound
D)
colloid
24)
Blood volume restorers include all of the following except ________.
24)
A)
albumin
B)
dextran
C)
packed cells
D)
saline solutions
25)
Which of the following is characteristic of all leukocytes?
25)
A)
They are nucleated.
B)
They are the most numerous of the formed elements in blood.
C)
They are phagocytic.
D)
They have cytoplasmic granules.
26)
Which of the following would not be a possible cause of sickling of red blood cells in someone with
sickle–cell anemia?
26)
A)
malaria and travel at high altitude
B)
vigorous exercise
C)
sleeping in a well–ventilated room
D)
travel at high altitude
C
27)
Thromboembolic disorders ________.
27)
A)
include embolus formation, a clot moving within the circulatory system
B)
are caused by vitamin K deficiency
C)
result in uncontrolled bleeding
D)
include thrombus formation, a clot in a broken blood vessel
A
28)
The special type of hemoglobin present in fetal red blood cells is ________.
28)
A)
hemoglobin A
B)
hemoglobin F
C)
hemoglobin B
D)
hemoglobin S
B
29)
The plasma protein that is the major contributor to osmotic pressure is ________.
29)
A)
alpha globulin
B)
fibrinogen
C)
gamma globulin
D)
albumin
D
A
30)
An individual who is blood type AB negative can ________.
30)
A)
receive any blood type in moderate amounts except that with the Rh antigen
B)
donate to types A, B, and AB, but not to type O
C)
donate to all blood types in moderate amounts
D)
receive types A, B, and AB, but not type O
31)
Select the incorrect statement regarding blood cell formation.
31)
A)
Lymphocytes are formed from lymphoblasts.
B)
Platelets are formed from myeloblasts.
C)
Erythrocytes are formed from normoblasts.
D)
Eosinophils are formed from myeloblasts,
32)
Which of the following statements does not describe blood?
32)
A)
Blood varies from bright red to a dark red color.
B)
Blood is denser and more viscous than water.
C)
Blood carriers body cells to injured areas for repair
D)
Blood pH is normally between 7.34 — 7.45.
33)
Fred’s blood was determined to be AB positive. What does this mean?
33)
A)
There are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma.
B)
He can only receive blood from a donor who is AB positive.
C)
Antibodies to A and B are present in the red cells.
D)
His blood lacks Rh factor.
34)
No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in ________.
34)
A)
neutrophils
B)
eosinophils
C)
monocytes
D)
basophils
35)
Which of the following is true about blood plasma?
35)
A)
It is the same as serum but without the clotting proteins.
B)
It contains about 20 dissolved components.
C)
It is about 90% water.
D)
The main protein component is hemoglobin.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Figure 17.2
Using Figure 17.2, match the following:
36)
Universal donor.
36)
37)
Explain why blood is classified as a connective tissue.
37)
Figure 17.1
Using Figure 17.1, match the following:
38)
Most common white blood cell found in whole blood.
38)
39)
How many polypeptide chains make up hemoglobin?
39)
40)
List the most common causes of bleeding disorders.
40)
41)
Why is iron not stored or transported in its free form? In what form(s) is it stored or
transported in blood?
41)
42)
When monocytes migrate into the interstitial spaces, they are called ________.
42)
Figure 17.1
Using Figure 17.1, match the following:
43)
Main bacteria killer during acute infections.
43)
Figure 17.2
Using Figure 17.2, match the following:
44)
Type A.
44)
45)
The term that describes blood disorders in which blood oxygen levels ae inadequate to
support normal metabolism is ________.
45)
46)
What determines whether blood is bright red or a dull, dark red?
46)
47)
List the granulocytes and describe the appearance of their granules in a typical blood
smear.
47)
48)
The rarest leukocyte is the ________.
48)
Figure 17.1
Using Figure 17.1, match the following:
49)
Monocyte.
49)
50)
A(n) ________ is a committed granular leukocyte stem cell that produces neutrophils.
50)
Figure 17.2
Using Figure 17.2, match the following:
51)
Universal recipient.
51)
Figure 17.1
Using Figure 17.1, match the following:
52)
Becomes a macrophage.
52)
Figure 17.2
Using Figure 17.2, match the following:
53)
Type B.
53)
Figure 17.1
Using Figure 17.1, match the following:
54)
Mounts an immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies.
54)
55)
The universal recipient blood type is ________.
55)
56)
Where and how is iron stored in the body?
56)
57)
When are whole blood transfusions routinely given?
57)
58)
List the general factors that limit normal clot growth.
58)
Figure 17.2
Using Figure 17.2, match the following:
59)
Type O.
59)