Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th Edition
Chapter 15: Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems
Test Bank
1. A 65-year-old woman visits her family practitioner for an examination. She has a mean
blood pressure of 95 mmHg and a heart rate of 74 bpm. Further tests by a cardiologist
revealed that the patient has moderate aortic regurgitation. Which one of the set of
changes would be expected in this patient?
Pulse Pressure Stroke Volume Systolic Pressure
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
2. Which one of the following would increase venous hydrostatic pressure in the legs?
A. A decrease in right atrial pressure
B. Pregnancy
C. Movement of leg muscles
D. Hemorrhage
3. Which one of the following parts of the circulation has the highest compliance?
A. Capillaries
B. Venules
C. Veins
D. Aorta
E. Arteries
4. A 60-year-old man visits his family practitioner for his yearly examination. He has a
blood pressure of 180/100 mmHg, a heart rate of 78 bpm, and a pulse pressure of 80
mmHg. His plasma cholesterol level is in the upper 25th percentile. A decrease in which
of the following is the most likely explanation for the high pulse pressure in this patient?
A. Stroke volume
B. Arterial pressure
C. Heart rate
Test Bank
15-2
D. Arterial compliance
E. Total peripheral resistance
5. Which one of the following would tend to decrease pulse pressure?
A. An increase in metabolic rate
B. An increase in stroke volume
C. An increase in arterial compliance
D. An increase in venous return
E. An increase plasma volume
6. A 65-year-old man is suffering from congestive heart failure. He has a cardiac output of
4.0 L/min, arterial pressure of 115/85, and a heart rate of 90 bpm. Further tests by a
cardiologist reveal that the patient has a right atrial pressure of 10 mmHg. An increase in
which of the following would be expected in this patient?
A. plasma colloid osmotic pressure
B. interstitial colloid osmotic pressure
C. arterial pressure
D. cardiac output
E. vena cava hydrostatic pressure
7. Which of the following components of the circulatory system has the largest distribution
of blood volume?
A. Arteries
B. Capillaries
C. Veins
D. Pulmonary circulation
E. Heart
8. A 35-year-old woman visits her family practitioner for an examination. She has a mean
blood pressure of 105 mmHg and a heart rate of 74 bpm. Further tests by a cardiologist
revealed that the patient has moderate aortic valve stenosis. Which one of the set of
changes would be expected in this patient?
Pulse Pressure Stroke Volume Systolic Pressure
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Test Bank
15-3
F.
G.
H.
9. A 36-year-old female cash register attendant visits her physician complaining about the
large surface veins in her legs. Her blood pressure is 125/94 mmHg and she has a heart
rate of 78 bpm. She is 5’3” tall and weighs 125 lbs. As a part of her weight loss program,
she has been jogging two miles each day for the past two months. Which of the following
is the most likely cause of the varicose veins in this woman?
A. Hypertension
B. Obesity
C. Tachycardia
D. Excessive jogging on a hard surface
E. Chronic exposure to excess venous pressures in her legs