Figure 15.4
Using Figure 15.4, match the following:
98)
Tympanic membrane.
98)
TRUE/FALSE. Write ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if the statement is false.
99)
Contraction of the ciliary muscle causes the lens to bend the light less.
100)
Hair cells in the spiral organ of the ear are never replaced.
100)
101)
Vitamin D needed by the photoreceptor cells is stored by the cells of the retina pigmented layer.
101)
102)
The extrinsic eye muscle motor units contain only 8 to 12 muscle cells and in some cases as few as 2
or 3 muscle cells.
102)
103)
Theoretically, an individual born without a middle ear would be able to hear by bone conduction
with a hearing aid.
103)
104)
Odorants must be volatile to be smelled.
104)
105)
In order for sound to reach the spiral organ (of Corti), the auditory ossicles must vibrate the oval
window and set the endolymph in motion.
105)
106)
The bending of light rays is called reflection.
106)
107)
The structure that allows equalization of the pressure in the middle ear with that outside the body
is the external auditory meatus.
107)
108)
Sound is generally perceived in the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.
108)
109)
The quality of a sound is based on the atmospheric pressure at the time the sound is generated.
109)
110)
Without a functioning crista ampullaris, the semicircular canals would not function.
110)
111)
The function of the lens of the eye is to allow precise focusing of light on the retina.
111)
112)
The mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and is reflected over the anterior surface of the eyeball
is the conjunctiva.
112)
113)
Static equilibrium involves linear acceleration as well as changes in head rotation.
113)
114)
The fluid contained within the membranous labyrinth is called perilymph.
114)
115)
Ciliary muscles are a type of skeletal muscle.
115)
116)
The photoreceptor cells are sensitive to damage from light.
116)
117)
The optic disc is the location where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball.
117)
118)
When we move from darkness to bright light, retinal sensitivity is lost, but visual acuity is gained.
118)
119)
Light passes through the entire thickness of the neural layer of the retina to excite the
photoreceptors.
119)
120)
The anterior chamber of the eye is filled with vitreous humor.
120)
121)
Sour taste receptors are stimulated by hydrogen ions of acidic food substances.
121)
122)
The neural layer of the retina prevents excessive scattering of light within the eye.
122)
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following:
123)
Loss of hearing resulting from
prolonged exposure to high–intensity
sounds.
124)
A possible side effect of medications
such as aspirin.
A)
Tinnitus
B)
Sensorineural deafness
123)
124)
Match the following:
125)
Chemically sensitive cilia are found in
this structure.
A)
Olfactory epithelium
125)
Match the following:
126)
Can result from impacted cerumen.
127)
One of the most common results of
otitis media.
A)
Conduction deafness
126)
127)
Match the following:
128)
A condition often leading to blindness
due to increased intraocular pressure.
A)
Glaucoma
128)
Match the following:
129)
Hair cells receptive to changes in
dynamic equilibrium are found in this
structure.
A)
Crista ampullaris
129)
Match the following:
130)
Can result from the fusion of the
auditory ossicles.
A)
Conduction deafness
130)
Match the following:
131)
Hair cells receptive to changes in static
equilibrium are found in this
structure.
A)
Macula
131)
Match the following:
132)
Connects the middle ear with the
nasopharynx.
A)
Pharyngotympanic tube
132)
Match the following:
133)
The central part of the bony labyrinth.
A)
Vestibule
133)
Match the following:
134)
Ear stones.
A)
Otoliths
134)
Match the following:
135)
Chemically sensitive microvilli found
in this structure.
A)
Taste buds
135)
Match the following:
136)
Separates external acoustic meatus
from the middle ear.
A)
Tympanic membrane
136)
Match the following:
137)
Helps maintain the intraocular
pressure; located in the anterior part of
the eye.
A)
Aqueous humor
137)
Match the following:
138)
Contains utricle and saccule.
138)
A)
Vestibule
Match the following:
139)
Houses the spiral organ (of Corti.)
A)
Cochlear duct
139)
Match the following:
140)
The structure most responsible for
focusing light rays that enter the eye.
A)
Lens
140)
Match the following:
141)
A condition that can result from a
deficiency of vitamin A.
142)
An inflammation of the lining of the
middle ear.
A)
Otitis media
141)
142)
Match the following:
143)
The receptor organ for hearing.
A)
Spiral organ (of Corti)
143)
Match the following:
144)
Area of greatest visual acuity.
A)
Fovea centralis
Match the following:
145)
A condition of deafness that may
result from otosclerosis.
A)
Conduction deafness
145)
Match the following:
146)
A membrane that transmits sound
vibrations to the auditory ossicles.
A)
Tympanic membrane
146)
Match the following:
147)
The sensory layer of the eye.
147)
A)
Retina
Match the following:
148)
Detects linear acceleration.
148)
A)
Vestibule
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
149)
Ling, a 75–year–old grandmother, complained that her vision was becoming obscured. Upon examination by an
ophthalmologist she was told she had cataracts. What are they, how do they occur, and how are they treated?
150)
A nurse is administering Pilocarpine eye drops. The nurse instructs the patient to press on the nasolacrimal duct
for 30 seconds because the medication can have some systemic side effects, such as affecting the heart rate.
Explain the rationale for pressing on the nasolacrimal duct.
151)
Baby Susie’s pediatrician notices that one of her eyes rotates outward and that she does not appear to be using it
for vision. What is her condition and what does the pediatrician recommend?
144)
152)
Roger went for his yearly eye examination and was informed that his intraocular pressure was slightly elevated
(at 22 mm Hg). The physician expressed concern over this condition and noted that if the condition got worse,
eye drops would be merited. What is wrong with Roger’s eyes, and what are the possible consequences of this
condition? Explain the function of eye drops used for therapy.
153)
A 60–year–old woman is experiencing vertigo. She ignores the symptoms initially, but now her attacks are
accompanied by severe nausea and vomiting. Following an attack, she hears a roaring in her ears that causes
temporary deafness for some time after. What do you think her problem is, and what is its suspected cause?
Answer Key
Testname: C15
Answer Key
Testname: C15
Answer Key
Testname: C15
42
Answer Key
Testname: C15
43