Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th Edition
Chapter 14: Overview of the Circulation; Biophysics of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance
Test Bank
1. A 50-year-old woman has a renal blood flow of 1,000 mL/min and hematocrit of 50. Her
arterial pressure is 120 mmHg and her renal venous pressure is 20 mmHg. She also has a
plasma colloid osmotic pressure of 25 mmHg. Which of the following is the total renal
vascular resistance (in mmHg/mL/min) in this woman?
A. 0.10
B. 0.20
C. 0.50
D. 1.00
E. 1.50
2. Under control conditions, flow through a blood vessel is 10 mL/min under a pressure
gradient of 100 mmHg. An increase in which of the following would occur in response to
a twofold increase in the diameter of the vessel and the pressure gradient was maintained
at 100 mmHg?
A. Vascular resistance
B. Hematocrit
C. Vascular conductance
D. Blood viscosity
E. Plasma oncotic pressure
3. A decrease in the diameter of an arteriole would most likely result in which of the
following sets of changes in the microcirculation?
Conductance Blood Flow Resistance
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Test Bank
14-2
4. Which vessel has the highest vascular resistance?
Vessel
Blood Flow (mL/min)
Pressure Gradient (mmHg)
A.
1,000
100
B.
1,200
60
C.
1,400
20
D.
1,600
80
E.
1,800
40
5. Which one the following would tend to cause an increase in blood flow?
A. An increase in hematocrit
B. A decrease in arterial pressure
C. A twofold increase in arteriole diameter
D. A twofold increase in blood viscosity
6. The table below depicts the pressure gradient, radius, and viscosity in various vessels of
the same length. Which vessel has the greatest flow?
Vessel
Pressure Gradient
Radius
Viscosity
A.
100
1
10
B.
50
2
5
C.
25
4
2
D.
10
6
1
7. If the blood flow through the kidney is 1,200 mL/min and the renal artery pressure is 100
mmHg and the renal venous pressure is 0 mmHg, which of the following is the
conductance (in mL/min/mmHg) of the renal vessel?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 8
D. 12
E. 16
8. A 78-year-old woman has a mean arterial pressure of 120 mmHg and a heart rate of 60
bpm. She has a stroke volume of 50 mL, cardiac output of 3,000 mL/min and a right
atrial pressure of 0 mmHg. What is the total peripheral resistance (in mmHg/mL/min) in
this woman?
A. 0.01
B. 0.02
C. 0.04
Test Bank
14-3
D. 0.08
E. 0.10
9. An increase in which one of the following would decrease blood flow across a vessel?
A. Hydrostatic pressure gradient
B. Diameter of vessel
C. Blood viscosity
D. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure