True / False
1. Forensic evidence, such as fingerprints, handwriting, and bite mark analysis have been determined to be reliable
through scientific testing.
a. True
b. False
2. Illegally downloading music from the Internet is a federal crime in the United States.
a. True
b. False
3. Most cyber crime is committed by offenders located in the United States.
a. True
b. False
4. Most incidents of cyber attacks against businesses are reported to law enforcement authorities.
a. True
b. False
5. According to the Supreme Court, some statutes outlawing online pornography actually violate the right to free speech.
a. True
b. False
6. The government of North Korea was accused of creating fake U.S. currency in order to create instability in the
American economy.
a. True
b. False
7. Polygraph evidence is admissible as evidence in criminal courts.
a. True
b. False
8. Police have been collecting fingerprint information from offenders for nearly 100 years.
a. True
b. False
9. The invention of a new device (or development of a new technology) will automatically benefit actors in the criminal
justice system.
a. True
b. False
10. Technological advances have resulted in the ability of all police departments to determine the exact location of cell
phones that have dialed 911.
a. True
b. False
11. Technology, such as the “smart cars” used to patrol in Los Angeles, is cost effective and provides inexpensive
methods of increasing efficiency by police.
a. True
b. False
12. The FBI fingerprint database includes fingerprints of both criminals and noncriminals, such as people who work for
the federal government.
a. True
b. False
13. The most frequent type of data analyzed by forensic crime laboratories is DNA evidence.
a. True
b. False
14. Several states have begun collecting DNA samples from individuals arrested, but not yet convicted, of committing a
criminal act.
a. True
b. False
15. Criminal offenders can sometimes be identified through the DNA of family members if their own DNA is not
available for testing.
a. True
b. False
16. One of the benefits of DNA analysis is that it is inexpensive and results can be generated very quickly.
a. True
b. False
17. Over 200 people have been freed from prison after DNA testing proved they were actually innocent of the crimes for
which they were convicted.
a. True
b. False
18. Surveillance cameras that monitor and ticket people who run red lights are potentially in conflict with citizens’ civil
liberties.
a. True
b. False
19. Facial recognition software can quickly identify criminal suspects in crowded areas.
a. True
b. False
20. There have been no recorded deaths resulting from the use of rubber bullets by police.
a. True
b. False
21. Less-lethal weapons may cause officers to act too quickly when an incident might be handled without force.
a. True
b. False
22. Several hundred people in the United States have died from injuries inflicted by Tasers.
a. True
b. False
23. Public defenders have easy access to video technology that allows them to recreate a crime scene with computer-
generated images.
a. True
b. False
24. Jurors who conduct their own Internet investigations can cause mistrials.
a. True
b. False
25. More money is spent every year on technologically based training and education for prisoners than on security.
a. True
b. False
26. According to this chapter, the news media becomes an element in the interaction, competition, and conflict
between human beings who have opposing objectives.
a. True
b. False
27. New devices designed specifically to protect property or to assist police will generate adaptive behavior by
would-be lawbreakers.
a. True
b. False
28. The FBI’s National Computer Crime Squad investigates all types of crime.
a. True
b. False
Multiple Choice
29. Which of the following statements about the use of new technology in policing is TRUE?
a. Only a few departments can afford new technology.
b. Police departments stand to gain very little from the use of new technology.
c. New technology may raise issues regarding constitutional rights.
d. Police rarely use new technology.
e. None of these; all of the statements given are false.
30. The first man condemned to execution by electric chair was:
a. William Musafina.
b. William Kemmler.
c. William Douglas.
d. William Saine.
e. William Griffen.
31. In the case of In re Kemmler (1890), the Supreme Court decided that:
a. the death penalty was cruel and unusual.
b. the government could not use heat-sensing technology to search a home.
c. police used excessive force when using pepper spray against Kemmler.
d. the use of the electric chair was a humane method of extinguishing life.
e. Kemmler was required to provide a DNA sample at arrest.
32. Prior to the invention of the electric chair, the method of execution most often used in the United States was:
a. lethal injection.
b. firing squad.
c. hanging.
d. guillotine.
e. stoning.
33. This type of crime involves the use of computers and the Internet to commit acts against people, property, public
order, or morality.
a. victimless crime
b. network crime
c. cyber crime
d. juvenile crime
e. computer crime
34. The theft of social security numbers, credit card numbers, and other information in order to secure items while posing
as someone else is called:
a. cyber crime.
b. identify theft.
c. forgery.
d. obstruction.
e. uttering.
35. Which of the following falls into the category of cyber crime?
a. using a computer to steal someone’s identity
b. hacking into a bank computer to withdraw money from someone else’s account
c. soliciting minors online for sex
d. spamming Internet email accounts for false donations.
e. all of these
36. Which socioeconomic group is often hit hard by identify theft?
a. poor
b. disadvantaged
c. lower middle class
d. affluent
e. tax exempt
37. The most common form of identity theft is:
a. credit card fraud.
b. bank account fraud.
c. tax refund fraud.
d. mortgage fraud.
e. loans fraud.
38. Credit card fraud cost online merchants close to how many dollars a year?
a. 1 million
b. 10 million
c. 30 million
d. 60 million
e. 1 billion
39. The FBI’s CAT initiative stands for:
a. Counsel at Transition
b. Criminals and Technology
c. Cyber Action Team
d. Crime and Terrorism
e. Creative Assessment of Targets
40. In 1996, the United States had to redesign American currency to combat:
a. bank robbery.
b. money laundering.
c. counterfeiting.
d. cyber crime.
e. embezzlement.
41. Complaints received by IC3 from the public are related to:
a. homicide.
b. bank robbery.
c. errors made in DNA analysis.
d. counterfeiting.
e. cyber crime.
42. Which of the following is NOT a method used by the U.S. government to avoid monetary counterfeiting?
a. a security thread embedded in the paper
b. ridges in the paper that allow one to “feel” the amount of the bill with one’s fingers
c. a watermark including the portrait of the figure on the bill
d. microprinting that is hard to imitate
e. optically variable ink
43. Because of large profits, organized crime groups have been involved in the counterfeiting of ___________ drugs.
a. illegal
b. prescription
c. hospital
d. over-the-counter
e. banned
44. In 2008, 19 Americans died as a result of taking counterfeit heparin that had been imported from:
a. North Korea.
b. China.
c. Iran.
d. Thailand.
e. Canada.
45. This organization is responsible for controlling counterfeit drugs.
a. FCC
b. FBI
c. FIC
d. FDA
e. FFF
46. Impressions of the unique pattern of ridges on the fingertip that are left behind on objects are called:
a. latent fingerprints.
b. latent impressions.
c. residual fingerprints.
d. tell-tale signs.
e. CSI techniques.
47. The 311 number has been set aside by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for:
a. emergency use.
b. interagency communication.
c. cell phone use.
d. nonemergency use.
e. fire alerts.
48. Cell phones can be traced for location purposes when calling which number?
a. 311
b. 411
c. 611
d. 911
e. any number may be used
49. In Lansing, Michigan, police officers can search for warrants on citizens by simply:
a. swiping their driver’s license.
b. testing a sample of their saliva.
c. scanning their fingerprints.
d. running their facial recognition program.
e. taking their picture.
50. What percentage of departments have patrol cars that have in-vehicle computers?
a. 50
b. 60
c. 70
d. 80
e. 90
51. The inclusion of _________________ in officer patrol cars has increased the numbers of arrests made by police.
a. pepper spray
b. radios
c. cell phones
d. computers
e. handcuffs
52. GIS technology is used to:
a. map crime to identify “hot spots.”
b. test whether suspects are telling the truth.
c. reduce the likelihood of injury from weapons.
d. limit the number of lawsuits brought against the police.
e. sort and prioritize incoming 911 calls.
53. New technology allows law enforcement to detect these by using sensors strategically placed throughout various
neighborhoods.
a. robberies
b. gunshots
c. assaults
d. car accidents
e. terrorist cells
54. The use of computers inside patrol cars has improved which of the following?
a. higher expectations of police efficiency
b. improved efficiency
c. improved electronic communication
d. less handwriting
e. all of these
55. The inclusion of this on police cars can increase the number of license plates checked by about 80 times the number
that can be checked by a police officer.
a. a radar detector
b. a GPS tracking device
c. a camera-computer system
d. a dash camera
e. a laptop computer
56. The federal government uses a fingerprint data system called:
a. CODIS.
b. GIS.
c. IAFIS.
d. NIJ.
e. NCVS.
57. A scientific technique that identifies people through their distinctive gene patterns is:
a. DNA analysis.
b. fingerprint analysis.
c. toxicology analysis.
d. blood splatter analysis.
e. hair/fiber analysis.
58. The database containing DNA samples used by law enforcement is:
a. CODIS.
b. GIS.
c. IAFIS.
d. NIJ.
e. NCVS.
59. The “spit and acquit” program was developed by:
a. a judge trying to find defendants guilty.
b. a defense attorney trying to prove his clients’ innocence.
c. a prosecutor attempting to expand DNA collection.
d. a forensic scientist testing a new lab technique.
e. a police officer working on a new weapons technology.
60. One of the biggest issues with DNA testing involves too few:
a. officers.
b. labs.
c. analysts.
d. courts.
e. prisons.
61. Which of the following statements is TRUE about forensic evidence?
a. It can identify offenders accurately, even when mishandled by technicians.
b. Bite marks have been scientifically validated as reliable.
c. As DNA evidence ages it becomes more difficult to use it to identify individuals.
d. Ten inmates on death row have been proved to be wrongly incarcerated after DNA evidence was tested.
e. The Supreme Court has ruled that individuals have the right to access the original evidence from their cases for
DNA analysis.
62. In the case of Kyllo v. United States, police used a thermal imaging camera to determine if suspects living in a house
were:
a. growing marijuana.
b. forging currency.
c. stealing identities.
d. downloading child pornography.
e. planning terrorist activities.
63. This particular Act approves the use of “roving” surveillance aimed at particular individuals.
a. U.S. Surveillance Act
b. U.S. Patriot Act
c. U.S. Terrorist Act
d. U.S. Informer Act
e. U.S. Protector Act
64. Which of the following statements about weapons technology is TRUE?
a. It is impossible to subdue a determined suspect with less-lethal weapons.
b. The trend toward adoption of less-lethal weapons by police departments has been prompted by lawsuits brought
in cases where officers killed or injured suspects.
c. Some less-lethal weapons may be more harmful than initially thought.
d. The statements in (b) and (c) are both true.
e. None of these; all of the statements given are false.
65. Which of the following is considered a form of new weapons technology?
a. a Taser
b. a handgun
c. pepper spray
d. martial arts
e. a nightstick
66. Courts use ________________ to assist in processing cases.
a. DNA
b. less lethal weapons
c. electronic monitoring
d. bar code scanning
e. electronic file management
67. According to Cole and Smith, why have judges banned cell phones from jury members during trials?
a. Excessive ringing was disturbing the trials.
b. Jurors were not paying close enough attention to the trial.
c. To keep jurors from doing their own research on the case.
d. Jurors in some cases were taking pictures of defendants.
e. The judge is not allowed to have a phone in court, so no one else can have a phone.
68. Which of the following is an example of “soft” technology for crime prevention and control?
a. gunshot location devices
b. metal detectors
c. GPS systems for monitoring offenders
d. amber alerts
e. new weapons for police officers
69. ________ becomes an element in the interaction, competition, and conflict between human beings who have
opposing objectives.
a. Education
b. Criminal intent
c. Technology
d. Money
e. Government