CHAPTER 14: Consumerism and Ethics
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A ____ is “a person who uses up a commodity; a purchaser of goods or services, a customer” as
opposed to one who produces goods or services (producer or provider).
a.
client
c.
manufacturer
b.
patient
d.
consumer
2. Bachman identified six “mega–trends” that impact the demand-control model. These include ____,
self-help/self-care, individual ownership, portability, transparency (right to know), and consumerism
(empowerment).
a.
personal strength
c.
community responsibility
b.
personal responsibility
d.
community strength
3. As longevity increases, so does the propensity for ____ disease and the need for self- help and
self-care in order to achieve quality of life.
a.
acute
c.
chronic
b.
rare
d.
incurable
4. A report on health information technology use among U.S. men and women aged 18-64 by Cohen &
Stussman (2010) noted that ____ of adults in the U.S. used the Internet to search for health or medical
information.
a.
21%
c.
61%
b.
42%
d.
78%
5. As the pace and stress of patients’ lives increases, rapid accessibility to care and treatment for routine
health concerns becomes a ____ need.
a.
clinical
c.
peripheral
b.
governmental
d.
market
6. ____ Care is a form of medical care delivery that caters to the wealthy and upper middle classes.
a.
Supreme
c.
Concierge
b.
Elite
d.
Elevated
7. ____ refers to the freedom to follow or act according to one’s own will.
a.
Autonomy
c.
Motivation
b.
Responsibility
d.
Ambition
8. ____ pertains to the obligation to do good, prevent or remove harm, and to act in a kind or benevolent
manner.
a.
Justice
c.
Accountability
b.
Malice
d.
Beneficence
9. ____ is the discipline concerned with ethical questions and actions in medicine and biology.
a.
Bioregulation
c.
Bioethics
b.
Biointegrity
d.
Biofeedback
10. The ____ is a branch of the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services that provides leadership
regarding protection of human subjects involved in research activities.
a.
Office for Ethical Conduct in Human Research (OECHR)
b.
Office for Research Subject Safety (ORSS)
c.
Office for Protection of People in Research Projects (OPPRP)
d.
Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP)
COMPLETION
1. ____________________ is defined as “doctrine advocating a continual increase in the consumption of
goods as a basis for a sound economy” or “advocacy of the rights of consumers.”
2. Consumer awareness of service/product quality and cost are key drivers of ____________________ in
health care.
3. ____________________ are tax-exempt financial accounts used to reimburse medical expenses not
covered under existing health plans.
4. ____________________ social networks are a type of social network that links users to common
health or medical themes or areas of interest such as Lou Gehrig’s Disease (PatientsLikeMe) or
genetics (23andMe).
5. Emphasis on the customer as the consumer of services has changed the health care environment
toward a more ____________________, sales-oriented approach to health care service delivery.
6. One form of medicine that caters to the diagnosis and treatment of non-life threatening conditions are
____________________ health care clinics often referred to as minor emergency clinics, doc-in-a box,
urgent care clinics, or convenient care clinics.
7. Consumerism and the increasing demands of consumers as active participants in their health care
decisions may cause controversies between ____________________ decision-making and treatment
options.
8. The principle of____________________ relates to the right or choice of being alone, undisturbed, or
free from public attention or intrusion.
9. ____________________ refers to truth-telling or the quality of truthfulness.
10. In 1973 the American Hospital Association (AMA) approved the use of the____________________
of Rights, prompting health care organizations to specifically define these rights.
MATCHING
Match each item with a statement below:
a.
confidentiality
b.
High Deductible Health Plans (HDHPs)
c.
Institutional Review Boards
d.
HIPAA legislation
e.
Flexible Spending Arrangements (FSAs)
f.
Consumer-driven health plans (CDHPs)
g.
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)
h.
fidelity
i.
nonmaleficence
j.
Patient Safety and Privacy Act (PSQIA)
1. Offers a broad provider network, limited involvement with medical management, higher deductibles
and lower premiums
2. Designed to allow the employee greater choice in their health care thus enabling them to be wise
consumers
3. Administrative entities established by institutions to protect the ethical rights of human subjects who
participate in research conducted under their supervision
4. Specifies regulations for the privacy of personal health information, portability of health insurance,
and organization of the interchange of electronic data for certain financial and administrative
operations
5. Health and medical practices that are not considered to be part of conventional Western medicine or
standard care
6. Relates to the duty to “not inflict harm on others”
7. Created a voluntary reporting system pertaining to data utilized in patient safety and health care quality
concerns
8. Obligation to honor commitments
9. Pertains to the nature of having the expectation of certain privacy and non-disclosure regarding
information relayed to another person
10. Offers tax advantages to assist in offsetting health care expenses