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50)
The ________ division alone adapts the lens of the eye for close vision.
50)
51)
What studies have suggested that the ANS can also be subject to voluntary controls?
51)
52)
In what ways are the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system different?
52)
53)
Mark eats a very big meal in the evening. After the meal his wife would like him to help
clean up, but Mark explains that he is "too tired" and promptly goes to sleep. What seems
to be his problem?
53)
54)
How are the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions anatomically different?
54)
Figure 14.1
Using Figure 14.1, match the following:
55)
Cell body of ANS postganglionic neuron.
55)
56)
Cell body of the somatic neuron.
56)
57)
The only sympathetic preganglionic neuron to go directly to an organ is one branch of the
________ splanchnic nerve.
57)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
58)
Norepinephrine-releasing fibers are called cholinergic fibers.
58)
59)
Autonomic reflex centers occur in the spinal cord, medulla, and midbrain.
59)
60)
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS have the same effect on most body
organ systems.
60)
61)
The blood vessels of the skin are one of the few areas of the body where the vessels are innervated
by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
61)
62)
The adrenal medulla is considered a "misplaced" sympathetic ganglion by some.
62)
63)
All visceral organs receive dural innervation from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic
divisions of the ANS.
63)
64)
Rami communicantes are designated white or grey to indicate whether or not the fibers passing
through them are myelinated.
64)
65)
Autonomic ganglia are motor ganglia only.
65)
66)
The craniosacral division is another name for the parasympathetic division.
66)
67)
The autonomic nervous system may cause activation or inhibition, depending on the division that
is active and the target that is affected.
67)
68)
Splanchnic nerves are mixed motor and sensory nerves.
68)
69)
The autonomic and somatic nervous systems are two separate systems that work totally
independent of each other.
69)
70)
The ANS contains both sensory and motor neurons..
70)
71)
Most splanchnic nerves pass through the abdominal aortic plexus.
71)
72)
The celiac ganglion is primarily associated with the sympathetic division.
72)
73)
Most blood vessels are innervated by the sympathetic division alone.
73)
74)
The ANS stimulates smooth muscles, skeletal muscles and glands, whereas the somatic nervous
system innervates skeletal muscles only.
74)
75)
Most disorders of the autonomic nervous system reflect abnormalities of smooth muscle control.
75)
76)
Because the ANS is a visceral motor system, afferent pathways are of no importance and actually
are rarely found.
76)
77)
Through direct neural stimulation, the sympathetic division promotes many metabolic effects via
hormone release.
77)
78)
The rami communicantes are associated only with the sympathetic division of the ANS.
78)
79)
-adrenergic receptors are the only receptors found on the heart.
79)
80)
Because many of the same cardiac cells are innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic
fibers, the influence of the two divisions on the heart is synergistic.
80)
81)
Acetylcholine is the substance released by the axonal endings of the somatic efferent fibers and by
the parasympathetic nerve fiber endings.
81)
82)
The gray rami communicantes consist of myelinated postganglionic fibers.
82)
83)
Thermoregulatory responses to increased heat are mediated by the sympathetic nervous division.
83)
84)
All splanchnic nerves are sympathetic.
84)
85)
Events recorded in a lie detector examination are controlled by the sympathetic division.
85)
86)
Because parasympathetic fibers never run in spinal nerves, rami communicantes are associated
only with the sympathetic division.
86)
87)
Cranial nerves VII, IX, and X contain postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system.
87)
88)
Albuteral is used by asthma patients to dilate the bronchioles of the lungs and ease breathing.
88)
89)
Alpha-adrenergic effects dominate the direct control of blood pressure.
89)
90)
Cranial nerves III, VII, and IX supply the entire parasympathetic innervation of the head; however,
only the preganglionic fibers lie within these three pairs of cranial nerves.
90)
91)
The structures that specifically exhibit vasomotor tone are mostly under sympathetic control.
91)
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following:
92)
Decreases heart rate.
A)
Parasympathetic
92)
Match the following:
93)
Postganglionic sympathetic to sweat
glands.
94)
Postganglionic parasympathetic.
A)
Acetylcholine (ACh)
93)
Match the following:
95)
Stimulates ciliary muscles of the eye.
96)
Maintenance functions.
A)
Parasympathetic
95)
Match the following:
97)
Most postganglionic sympathetic.
A)
Norepinephrine (NE)
Match the following:
98)
Short preganglionic, long
postganglionic fibers.
A)
Sympathetic
98)
Match the following:
99)
Preganglionic parasympathetic.
A)
Acetylcholine (ACh)
99)
Match the following:
100)
Active after you have eaten a meal.
101)
Increases blood pressure.
102)
Collateral ganglia.
A)
Parasympathetic
B)
Sympathetic
100)
101)
Match the following:
103)
Preganglionic sympathetic.
A)
Acetylcholine (ACh)
103)
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
104)
An elderly patient in a nursing home has recurrent episodes of fainting when he stands. An alert nurse notes
that this occurs only when his room is fairly warm; on cold mornings, he has no difficulty. What is the cause of
the fainting, and how does it relate to the autonomic nervous system and to room temperature?
105)
Describe outcome criteria that can be used to evaluate whether a patient is effectively coping with a stressful
problem.
106)
Mrs. Oberhaus needs surgery to correct a severe case of Raynaud's disease, affecting one of her hands. What
surgical procedure will be performed? After the surgery, will she be more likely to suffer from anhidrosis (lack
of sweating) or hyperhidrosis (profuse sweating) in the affected hand?
107)
Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal) is a beta-adrenergic blocker often used as an antianginal, antiarrhythmic,
and antihypertensive drug. Before giving Inderal to a patient, what should the nurse assess?
108)
Baroceptors in the carotid sinus monitor blood pressure. When the carotid sinus is stretched by blood pressure
or manipulation, a feedback response through the vagus nerve can be blocked by atropine. How would external
stimulation of the carotid artery, such as carotid massage, affect the heart rate?
Answer Key
Testname: C14
19
Answer Key
Testname: C14
Answer Key
Testname: C14
