Chapter 14: The Religious Development of Judaism
Fill in the blank
1. _________ and _________were the leaders of the return to Jerusalem under the reign of
Cyrus the Great.
2. The first chapter of Genesis was derived from _________.
3. After Alexander the Great conquered the Persian Empire, the land of Palestine was controlled
by the __________.
4. Son of Abraham is one name used to refer to _________ during the Roman period.
5. The political agenda of the Zealots was __________?
6. The _________ is the dispersion of the Jews following the destruction of the Temple.
7. According to tradition, during the third century BCE seventy scholars spent seventy days
translating the Hebrew Scriptures into Greek. This collection is called the _________.
8. The only scripture of the Samaritans was a sectarian version of the _________.
9. The Talmud is _________.
10. These two religions, _________ and _________, had a profound impact on the Jewish
peoples at the beginning of the middle ages.
Multiple Choice
11. When the exiled Jews returned to Jerusalem in 538 BCE, what was their first act?
a. They elected a leader.
b. They erected an altar on the site of the ruined Temple.
c. They fell to their knees and gave thanks.
d. They searched for and found the Ark of the Covenant.
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12. How long did it take to build the Second Temple after the Jews were restored to Jerusalem?
a. 1 year
b. 5 years
c. 10 years
d. 15 years
13. According to the oath given before the Water Gate, all tithes would be collected by the
Levites with a __________ in attendance.
a. Aaronite priest
b. Levite priest
c. Temple guard
d. witness
14. During the Restoration period, __________ the Scribe worked to establish a theocratic state
controlled by priests in Jerusalem.
a. Cyrus
b. Ezra
c. Zadok
d. Zechariah
15. Scribes who developed a special talent for preaching came to be known as _________.
a. orators
b. priests
c. rabbis
d. singers
16. Which of the following was NOT a major feast during the Restoration Period?
a. Feast of Booths
b. Passover
c. Rosh Hashanah
d. Yom Kippur
17. Alexander the Great’s attitude toward the Jews could be described as _________.
a. condescending
b. dismissive
c. respectful
d. skeptical
18. Antiochus Epiphanes used force to make the Jews worship which Greek god?
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a. Apollo
b. Dionysus
c. Mercury
d. Zeus
19. ___________ can be credited with saving Palestinian Judaism from the Syrians.
a. Jonathan Maccabee
b. Judah Maccabee
c. Judea Maccabee
d. Simon Maccabee
20. What influence does the Wisdom literature show?
a. Greek ideas
b. Persian ideas
c. Roman ideas
d. Syrian ideas
21. The Jewish belief in Satan likely came from the influence of __________ on Jewish thought.
a. Christianity
b. Islam
c. the Greeks
d. Zoroastrianism
22. In the Hellensitic and Maccabean periods, the most prominent archangel was __________.
a. Gabriel
b. Michael
c. Remiel
d. Saraqiel
23. In the post-exilic period, divisions into parties occurred. To which group did the priest
belong?
a. The Hasidim
b. The Messianists
c. The Pharisees
d. The Sadducees
24. Which Roman emperor was in power during the Jewish rebellion of the first century?
a. Augustus
b. Caesar
c. Claudius
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d. Nero
25. During the Roman period, the Jews’ view of who would be subject to the final judgment
evolved to finally include _________.
a. all human souls
b. children
c. only jews
d. righteous Gentiles
26. What characterized the Essenes of the Roman Period?
a. desire for home rule
b. desire to be disassociated from politics
c. desire to hold political positions in the Roman government
d. desire to overthrow the Roman government
27. The fall of Jerusalem in the Roman period left which of the main parties intact?
a. Essenes
b. Herodians
c. Pharisees
d. Zealots
28. It is believed that this group placed what is now known as the Dead Sea Scrolls in caves near
the Dead Sea.
a. the Essenes
b. the Herodians
c. the Pharisees
d. the Zealots
29. Which of the following is NOT a book included in the Pentateuch?
a. Esther
b. Exodus
c. Genesis
d. Leviticus
30. After the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, the refugees who fled to Babylonia increased the
population there to nearly __________ people.
a. 250,000
b. 500,000
c. 1,000,000
d. 1,500,000
31. What voluminous work is credited to the rabbis of the Babylonian schools?
a. the Gemara
b. the Kethubim
c. the Pentateuch
d. the Torah
32. Antagonism between Christians and Jews intensified after the conversion of the Emperor
_________ in 312 CE.
a. Augustus
b. Constantine
c. Hadrian
d. Tiberius
33. The Jews of Spain and southern Europe who fled to Turkey, Palestine, and Syria when they
were expelled from Spain in 1492 acquired the name _________.
a. Jabneh
b. Karaites
c. Maimonides
d. Sephardim
34. In a kosher household, separate plates must be kept for __________ and __________.
a. dairy, fruit
b. fruit, vegetable
c. meat, dairy
d. meat, grain
35. Zionism refers to __________.
a. a belief in the superiority of Jews
b. a belief in the inferiority of Jews
c. a movement dedicated to the establishment of a Jewish national homeland
d. a movement dedicated to the destruction of Israel