Test Bank for Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, Eighth Edition
13–78
Ex. 237 (Cont.)
Additional information:
1. The inventory turnover is 4.2 times
2. The return on common stockholders’ equity is 14%. The company had no additional paid-in–
capital.
3. The accounts receivable turnover is 10.2 times.
4. The return on assets is 12.5%.
5. Total assets, Dec. 31, 2016 = $604,750.
Instructions
Compute the following values for 2017.
(a) Cost of goods sold.
(b) Net credit sales.
(c) Net income.
(d) Total assets.
Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–79
Solution 237 (Cont.)
Ex. 238
The financial statements of Elcamino Company appear below:
ELCAMINO COMPANY
Comparative Balance Sheet
December 31,
___________________________________________________________________________
Assets 2017 2016
Cash ………………………………………………………………………………… $ 25,000 $ 40,000
Debt investments ……………………………………………………………….. 20,000 60,000
Accounts receivable (net) …………………………………………………….. 50,000 30,000
Inventory …………………………………………………………………………… 140,000 170,000
Property, plant and equipment (net) ………………………………………. 170,000 200,000
Total assets ………………………………………………………………….. $405,000 $500,000
Test Bank for Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, Eighth Edition
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–80
Ex. 238 (Cont.)
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Accounts payable ……………………………………………………………….. $ 25,000 $ 30,000
Short-term notes payable …………………………………………………….. 40,000 90,000
Bonds payable ……………………………………………………………………. 75,000 160,000
Common stock …………………………………………………………………… 160,000 145,000
Retained earnings ………………………………………………………………. 105,000 75,000
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity ……………………………… $405,000 $500,000
ELCAMINO COMPANY
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2017
Net sales (all on credit) ………………………………………………………… $360,000
Cost of goods sold …………………………..………………………………….. 184,000
Gross profit ………………………………………………………………………… 176,000
Expenses
Interest expense ……………………………………………………………. $11,000
Selling expenses …………………………………………………………… 30,000
Administrative expenses …………………………………………………. 20,000
Total expenses ………………………………………………………… 61,000
Income before income taxes …………………………………………………. 115,000
Income tax expense ……………………………………………………………. 35,000
Net income ………………………………………………………………………… $ 80,000
Additional information:
a. Cash dividends of $50,000 were declared and paid on common stock in 2017.
b. Weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during 2017 was 50,000
shares.
c. Market price of common stock on December 31, 2017, was $16 per share.
d. Net cash provided by operating activities for 2017 was $70,000.
Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–81
Ex. 238 (Cont.)
Instructions
Using the financial statements and additional information, compute the following ratios for the
Lewis Company for 2017. Show all computations.
Computations
1. Current ratio _________.
2. Return on common stockholders’ equity _________.
3. Price-earnings ratio _________.
4. Inventory turnover _________.
5. Accounts receivable turnover _________.
6. Times interest earned _________.
7. Profit margin _________.
8. Days in inventory _________.
9. Payout ratio _________.
10. Return on assets _________.
Test Bank for Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, Eighth Edition
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–82
Solution 238 (Cont.)
Ex. 239
The following ratios have been computed for Southern Company for 2017.
Profit margin ratio 20%
Times interest earned 12 times Current ratio 2.5:1
Accounts receivable turnover 5 times Debt to assets ratio 24%
The 2017 financial statements for Southern Company with missing information follows:
SOUTHERN COMPANY
Comparative Balance Sheet
December 31,
——————————————————————————————————————————
Assets
2017 2016
Cash ……………………………………………………………………………. $ 25,000 $ 35,000
Debt Investments …………………………………………………………… 15,000 15,000
Accounts receivable (net) ……………………………………………….. ? (6) 50,000
Inventory ……………………………………………………………………… ? (7) 50,000
Property, plant, and equipment (net) ………………………………… 200,000 160,000
Total assets ……………………………………………………………. $ ? (8) $310,000
Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
13–83
Ex. 239 (Cont.)
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Accounts payable …………………………..………………………………. $ 15,000 $ 25,000
Short-term notes payable ………………………………………………… 35,000 30,000
Bonds payable ………………………………………………………………. ? (9) 20,000
Common stock ………………………………………………………………. 200,000 200,000
Retained earnings ………………………………………………………….. 47,000 35,000
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity ……………………….. $ ? (10) $310,000
SOUTHERN COMPANY
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2017
——————————————————————————————————————————
Net sales ………………………………………………………………………. $200,000
Cost of goods sold …………………………………………………………. 100,000
Gross profit …………………………..……………………………………….. 100,000
Expenses:
Depreciation expense ………………………………………………… $ ? (5)
Interest expense …………………………..…………………………... 5,000
Selling expenses ………………………………………………………. 10,000
Administrative expenses ……………………………………………. 15,000
Total expenses ……………………………………………………. ? (4)
Income before income taxes ……………………………………………. ? (2)
Income tax expense ………………………………………………….. ? (3)
Net income ……………………………………………………………………. $ ? (1)
Instructions
Use the above ratios and information from the Southern Company financial statements to fill in the
missing information on the financial statements. Follow the sequence indicated. Show
computations that support your answers.
Test Bank for Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, Eighth Edition
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–84
Solution 239 (Cont.)
Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–85
Solution 239 (Cont.)
Ex. 240
B. Jones Corporation has issued common stock only. The company has been successful and has
a gross profit rate of 20%. The information shown below was taken from the company’s financial
statements.
Beginning inventory $ 482,000
Purchases 4,346,000
Ending inventory ?
Average accounts receivable 700,000
Average common stockholders’ equity 3,100,000
Sales revenue (all on credit) 5,600,000
Net income 341,000
Instructions
Compute the following:
(a) Accounts receivable turnover and the average number of days required to collect the
accounts receivable.
(b) The inventory turnover and the average days in inventory.
(c) Return on common stockholders’ equity.
Test Bank for Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, Eighth Edition
13–86
COMPLETION STATEMENTS
241. Discontinued operations refers to the disposal of a __________________ of a business.
242. A change in inventory methods during the year would be classified as a change in
____________________.
Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
13–87
243. ______________ analysis, also called trend analysis, is a technique for evaluating a series
of financial statement data over a period of time.
244. Expressing each item in a financial statement as a percent of a base amount is called
______________ analysis.
245. For analysis of the financial statements, ratios can be classified into three types:
(1)_____________ ratios, (2)_____________ ratios, and (3)______________ ratios.
246. The times interest earned is calculated by dividing ___________________ before
__________________ and __________________ by interest expense.
247. The liquidity ratio, known as the _______________ ratio, has a disadvantage that it uses
year-end balances for current assets and current liabilities.
248. The accounts receivable turnover is calculated by dividing ________________ by average
___________________.
249. If the inventory turnover is 7.3 times, and the average inventory was $600,000, the cost of
goods sold during the year was $______________ and the average days to sell the
inventory was ______________ days.
250. Hobson Corporation had net sales for the year of $300,000 and average total assets of
$200,000. The asset turnover is ____________ times.
251. The ______________ ratio measures the percentage of earnings distributed in the form of
cash dividends.
252. The lower the _______________ to _______________ ratio, the more equity “buffer” is
available to the creditors if the company becomes insolvent.
Test Bank for Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, Eighth Edition
13–88
Answers to Completion Statements
MATCHING
SET A
253. For each of the ratios listed below, indicate by the appropriate code letter, whether it is a
liquidity ratio, a profitability ratio, or a solvency ratio.
Code:
L = Liquidity ratio
P = Profitability ratio
S = Solvency ratio
____ 1. Price-earnings ratio
____ 2. Return on assets
____ 3. Accounts receivable turnover
____ 4. Earnings per share
____ 5. Payout ratio
____ 6. Working capital
____ 7. Current ratio
____ 8. Debt to assets ratio
____ 9. Free cash flow
____ 10. Inventory turnover
Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–89
SET B
254. Match the ratios with their formulas by entering the appropriate letter in the space provided.
A. Current ratio F. Times interest earned
B. Price-earnings ratio G. Inventory turnover
C. Profit margin H. Average collection period
D. Asset turnover I. Days in inventory
E. Earnings per share J. Payout ratio
____ 1.
Cost of goods sold
Average inventory
____ 2.
Net income
Net sales
____ 3.
Cash dividends declared on common stock
Net income
____ 4.
Net sales
Average total assets
____ 5.
Current assets
Current liabilities
____ 6.
365 days
Accounts receivable turnover
____ 7.
Net income − preferred dividends
Average common shares outstanding
____ 8.
365 days
Inventory turnover
____ 9.
Income before income taxes and interest expense
Interest expense
____ 10.
Market price per share
Earnings per share
Test Bank for Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, Eighth Edition
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–90
SHORT-ANSWER ESSAY QUESTIONS
S-A E 255
Explain sustainable income. What relationship does this concept have to the treatment of irregular
items on the income statement?
S-A E 256
Tim Forsyth, the CEO of Magical Products, is a successful entrepreneur and his focus is his
products, not his accounting system. He asks you to explain to him, in a memo, the bases of
comparison for ratio analysis.
Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–91
S-A E 257
Horizontal and vertical analyses are analytical tools frequently used to analyze financial
statements. What type of information or insights can be obtained by using these two techniques?
Explain how the output of horizontal analysis and vertical analysis can be compared to industry
averages and/or competitive companies.
S-A E 258
What does each type of ratio measure?
(a) Liquidity ratios.
(b) Solvency ratios.
(c) Profitability ratios.
S-A E 259
Identify and explain factors that affect quality of earnings.
Test Bank for Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, Eighth Edition
FOR INSTRUCTOR USE ONLY
13–92
S-A E 260 (Communication)
Zip Delivery specializes in the overnight transportation of medical equipment and laboratory
specimens. The company has selected the following information from its most recent annual
report to be the subject of an immediate press release.
• The financial statements are being released.
• Net income this year was $3.1 million. Last year’s net income had been $2.8 million.
• The current ratio has changed to 2:1 from last year’s 1.6:1.
• The debt to assets ratio has changed to 4:6 from last year’s 3:6.
• The company expanded its truck fleet substantially by purchasing ten new delivery vans.
• The company already had twelve delivery vans. The company is now the largest medical
courier in the mid-Atlantic region.
Required:
Prepare a brief press release incorporating the above information. Include all information. Think
carefully which information (if any) is good news for the company, and which (if any) is bad news.
Financial Analysis: The Big Picture
13–93
IFRS QUESTIONS
1. Under IFRS, there is no classification for
a. changes in accounting estimates.
b. changes in accounting principles.
c. discontinued operations.
d. extraordinary items.
2. The accounting for each of the following is the same under IFRS and GAAP except for
a. extraordinary items.
b. discontinued operations.
c. changes in accounting principles.
d. changes in accounting estimates.
3. Distinguishing normal levels of income from irregular items is of interest for the
FASB IASB
a. no no
b. no yes
c. yes no
d. yes yes
4. All revenue and expense items are considered ordinary in nature under
a. both IFRS and GAAP.
b. GAAP.
c. IFRS.
d. neither IFRS or GAAP.
5. Under IFRS, the statement of comprehensive income can be prepared under
a. the one-statement approach only.
b. the two-statement approach only.
c. either the one-statement approach or the two-statement approach.
d. either the two-statement approach or the stockholders’ equity statement approach.
6. Under IFRS, the components of other comprehensive income can be reported in each of the
following ways except
a. the one-statement approach.
b. the two-statement approach.
c. the statement of stockholders’ equity approach.
d. All of the above are acceptable.