Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1)
Which of the following is not a way that sensory receptors are classified?
1)
A)
sensitivity to a stimulus
B)
type of stimulus detected
C)
structural complexity
D)
location in the body
2)
The cranial nerve with a cervical origin (spinal cord) is the ________.
2)
A)
hypoglossal
B)
accessory
C)
glossopharyngeal
D)
vagus
B
3)
The posterior side of the thigh, leg, and foot is served by the ________ nerve.
3)
A)
obturator
B)
femoral
C)
tibial
D)
common fibular
C
4)
The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves?
4)
A)
pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous
B)
common fibular and tibial
C)
posterior femoral cutaneous and tibial
D)
pudendal and common fibular
B
5)
Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by ________.
5)
A)
proprioceptors
B)
photoreceptors
C)
interoceptors
D)
nociceptors
D
A
6)
Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the ________.
6)
A)
lumbar plexus
B)
thoracic plexus
C)
femoral plexus
D)
sacral plexus
7)
Bell’s palsy is ________.
7)
A)
characterized by partial paralysis of diaphragm muscles
B)
characterized by paralysis of facial muscles
C)
characterized by loss of vision
D)
often caused by inflammation of the trigeminal nerve
8)
The ________ nerve is not a branch of the trigeminal nerve.
8)
A)
mandibular
B)
maxillary
C)
cervical
D)
ophthalmic
9)
Select the correct definition.
9)
A)
Magnitude estimation is the simplest level of sensation.
B)
Pattern recognition allows us to see a familiar face.
C)
Perceptual detection is the ability to detect how much stimulus is applied to the body.
D)
Spatial discrimination allows us to recognize textures.
10)
A reflex that causes muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to muscle tension is called a
________.
10)
A)
flexor reflex
B)
crossed–extensor reflex
C)
plantar reflex
D)
tendon reflex
11)
All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the ________.
11)
A)
pons
B)
reticular formation
C)
medulla
D)
thalamus
12)
If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that
nerve supplies?
12)
A)
a complete loss of sensation and movement
B)
a complete loss of voluntary movement
C)
complete loss of sensation
D)
loss of neither sensation nor movement but only of autonomic control
13)
Which of the following nerves does not arise from the brachial plexus?
13)
A)
phrenic
B)
ulnar
C)
median
D)
radial
14)
Which receptors adapt most slowly?
14)
A)
smell receptors
B)
touch receptors
C)
nociceptors
D)
pressure receptors
15)
Feeling a gentle caress on your arm would likely involve all of the following except ________.
15)
A)
tactile discs
B)
Meissner’s corpuscles
C)
Pacinian corpuscles
D)
hair follicle receptors
16)
Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________.
16)
A)
mixed nerves
B)
efferent nerves
C)
afferent nerves
D)
motor nerves
17)
Which of the following is not an aspect of sensory perception?
17)
A)
magnitude estimation
B)
pattern recognition
C)
spatial discrimination
D)
feature abstraction
E)
visceral identification
E
18)
Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?
18)
A)
axillary
B)
radial
C)
ulnar
D)
median
D
19)
A fall or an improperly delivered gluteal injection could result in ________.
19)
A)
sciatica
B)
neurofibromatosis
C)
phantom limb pain
D)
postpoliomyelitis muscular atrophy
A
20)
The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all except the ________.
20)
A)
glossopharyngeal
B)
trochlear
C)
facial
D)
trigeminal
B
C
21)
Transduction refers to conversion of ________.
21)
A)
stimulus energy into energy of a graded potential
B)
receptor energy to stimulus energy
C)
afferent impulses to efferent impulses
D)
presynaptic nerve impulses to postsynaptic nerve impulses
22)
Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin are ________.
22)
A)
proprioceptors
B)
exteroceptors
C)
mechanoreceptors
D)
interoceptors
23)
Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation?
23)
A)
The stimulus energy must occur within the receptor’s receptive field.
B)
The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential
called a transduction potential.
C)
A generator potential in the associated sensory neuron must reach threshold.
D)
The stimulus energy must match the specificity of the receptor.
24)
Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve?
24)
A)
vestibulocochlear
B)
trigeminal
C)
accessory
D)
abducens
25)
Inborn or intrinsic reflexes are ________.
25)
A)
rapid, predictable, and can be learned responses
B)
autonomic only
C)
involuntary, yet may be modified by learned behavior
D)
always mediated by the brain
26)
The flexor muscles in the anterior arm (biceps brachii and brachialis) are innervated by what
nerve?
26)
A)
ulnar
B)
median
C)
radial
D)
musculocutaneous
27)
Which of the following is not a main level of neural integration in the somatosensory system?
27)
A)
circuit
B)
segmental
C)
receptor
D)
perceptual
B
28)
Regeneration within the CNS ________.
28)
A)
is more successful than with the PNS
B)
typically allows axonal sprouting of 20 mm
C)
is promoted by growth inhibitors and glial scars
D)
is prevented due to growth–inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes
D
29)
Select the statement that is most correct.
29)
A)
Ganglia are collections of neuron cell bodies in the spinal cord that are associated with
efferent fibers.
B)
The dorsal root ganglion is a motor–only structure.
C)
Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons.
D)
The cell bodies of afferent ganglia are located in the spinal cord.
C
30)
A patient who received a blow to the side of the skull exhibits the following signs and symptoms
on that side of the face: he is unable to close his eye, and the corner of his mouth droops. Which
cranial nerve has been damaged?
30)
A)
hypoglossal
B)
glossopharyngeal
C)
facial
D)
accessory
C
D
31)
Which of the following is the correct simple spinal reflex arc?
31)
A)
receptor, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, effector
B)
receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector
C)
effector, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, receptor
D)
effector, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, receptor
32)
The patellar “knee jerk” reflex is an example of a(n) ________.
32)
A)
stress reflex
B)
crossed–extensor reflex
C)
stretch reflex
D)
extensor thrust reflex
C
33)
Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all except which of the
following?
33)
A)
olfactory
B)
trigeminal
C)
oculomotor
D)
facial
A
34)
Starting at the spinal cord, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are (in order):
34)
A)
roots, divisions, cords, and trunks
B)
divisions, roots, trunks, and cords
C)
trunks, divisions, cords, and roots
D)
roots, trunks, divisions, and cords
D
35)
A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the ________.
35)
A)
ilioinguinal
B)
sciatic
C)
femoral
D)
iliohypogastric
C
B
36)
In a crossed–extensor reflex, if the right arm was grabbed it would flex and the left arm would
________.
36)
A)
extend
B)
adduct
C)
abduct
D)
also flex
37)
A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve?
37)
A)
vagus
B)
accessory
C)
glossopharyngeal
D)
olfactory
D
38)
Striking the “funny bone” is actually stimulation of (or injury to) the ________.
38)
A)
median nerve
B)
ulnar nerve
C)
radial nerve
D)
sciatic nerve
B
39)
After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by ________.
39)
A)
Schwann cells
B)
dendrites
C)
Wallerian cells
D)
Golgi organs
A
A
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Figure 13.3
Using Figure 13.3, match the following:
40)
Supplies each muscle with fibers from more than one nerve.
40)
Figure 13.2
Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc:
41)
Integration center.
41)
42)
Motor neuron.
42)
43)
What is the normal response of the plantar reflex? What is Babinski’s sign and what does it
indicate?
43)
44)
Mr. Smith staggered home after a long night at the local pub. While attempting to navigate
the stairs, he passed out cold and lay all night with his right armpit straddling the staircase
banister. When he awoke the next morning, he had a severe headache, but what bothered
him more was that he had no sensation in his right arm and hand. Explain what caused
this symptom in his arm.
44)
Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:
45)
Damage to this nerve would cause dizziness, nausea, and loss of balance.
45)
Explanation:
Figure 13.2
Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc:
46)
Receptor.
46)
47)
Partial or total loss of smell is known as ________.
47)
48)
The highest level of motor control involves the basal nuclei and the ________.
48)
Figure 13.3
Using Figure 13.3, match the following:
49)
Contain autonomic nerve fibers.
49)
50)
When we hear a strange sound in a room, which aspect of sensory perception is activated?
50)
51)
How does accommodation of muscle spindles figure in the importance of stretch routines
as a warm–up for exercise?
51)
Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:
52)
Damage to this nerve would cause difficulty in speech and swallowing, but no effect on
visceral organs.
52)
53)
Longest cranial nerve.
53)
Explanation:
54)
Information regarding skeletal muscle tension is provided by ________ and muscle length
by ________.
54)
55)
Speculate about the benefit of having the nerve supply of the diaphragm, which is located
in the thoracic–lumbar area of the spinal cord, arise from cervical nerves.
55)
56)
________ is the tingling sensation when blood has been cut off from an area, as when the
foot “goes to sleep.”
56)
57)
How is a receptor potential similar to an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
generated at a synapse?
57)
Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:
58)
Involved in movement of the digestive tract.
58)
59)
The primary receptor for pain stimuli is the ________.
59)
Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:
60)
Damage to this nerve would keep the eye from rotating inferolaterally.
60)
61)
The thickest and longest nerve in the body is the ________ nerve.
61)
62)
What is Wallerian degeneration?
62)
63)
Body movement receptors are called ________.
63)