Instructor’s Resource Manual with Test Bank
Chapter 12 Test Bank
Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Today, disorderly conduct crimes are most often referred to as
a.
quality of life crimes.
b.
public crimes.
c.
disorderly crimes.
d.
bad manners.
2. Current disorderly conduct statutes grew out of the common law crime of
a.
breaking the peace.
b.
breach of the peace.
c.
public misconduct.
d.
public disorder.
3. Broken windows theory is concerned with which of the following?
a.
a direct link between disorder and crime
b.
a direct link between prostitution and crime
c.
a direct link between drug-dealing and crime
d.
a direct link between pandering and crime
4. The Model Penal Code disorderly conduct statute requires the mens rea of
a.
negligence.
b.
strict liability.
c.
recklessness or knowledge.
d.
knowledge.
5. At common law, the offenses of unlawful assembly and rout involved ____ or more
persons.
a.
three
b.
four
c.
five
d.
twelve
Chapter 12: Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
6. In a careful and extensive survey of a representative sample of high- and low-crime
neighborhoods in major cities what topped the list of worries among all classes, races,
and ethnic groups, among both men and women?
a.
public drinking
b.
loitering
c.
prostitution
d.
murder
7. Laws targeting poor people’s behavior, and the attitudes behind them, began to change
during
a.
the Great Depression.
b.
World War Two.
c.
the Korean War.
d.
the Civil Rights Protests.
8. What theory suggests that public order crime is serious because it eventually causes
more serious crimes?
a.
abandoned neighborhoods
b.
un-mended fences
c.
anomic communities
d.
broken windows
9. The broken windows theory was originated by
a.
Wilson and Kelling.
b.
Skogan.
c.
Rogers and Hammerstein.
d.
Johnson and Keslo.
10. In what case did the U.S. Supreme Court tighten the constitutional restrictions on
loitering statutes?
a.
Kolender v. Lawson
b.
Mayor of New York v. Miln
c.
Papischristou v. City of Jacksonville
d.
Parker v. Municipal Judge
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11. Courts began striking down vagrancy and loitering laws because they violated what
doctrine?
a.
void for overbreadth
b.
ex post facto law
c.
bill of attainder
d.
void for vagueness
12. The crime of vagrancy refers to
a.
being poor and homeless.
b.
refusing to take suitable work.
c.
poor people roaming around without visible means of support.
d.
people hanging around with no apparent purpose.
13. In what case did the U.S. Court struck down the Jacksonville, Florida, vagrancy
ordinance, which was nearly identical to virtually every other vagrancy law in the
country?
a.
Edwards v. California
b.
Mayor of New York v. Miln
c.
Papischristou v. City of Jacksonville
d.
Parker v. Municipal Judge
14. The crime of loitering refers to
a.
being without any visible means of support or employment.
b.
being homeless.
c.
standing around with no apparent purpose.
d.
harassing others who pass by.
15. Enforcing the laws regulating the behavior of homeless and other street people
generates controversy because
a.
the behavior they seek to regulate is not a major concern.
b.
they seem to target the poorest and weakest members of society in order to
make life more convenient for those who are better off.
c.
the police are not trained for this kind of job.
d.
there are too few homeless and street people to be concerned about.
Chapter 12: Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
16. Panhandling statutes do not apply to
a.
individuals who are begging for money on the street.
b.
individuals who are only begging for food on the street.
c.
individuals on the street who advertise that they will to work for food.
d.
organized charities that solicit donations on the street.
17. Because begging is protected speech, attempts to regulate it must meet the
requirements of which Amendment to the U.S. Constitution?
a.
First
b.
Fourth
c.
Fifth
d.
Sixth
18. First Amendment rights are virtually unrestricted in which of the following areas?
a.
streets
b.
airports
c.
bus stations
d.
subways
19. What is the name of a temporary court order to do or to stop doing something?
a.
a preliminary injunction
b.
a primary injunction
c.
a positive injunction
d.
a permanent injunction
20. Which of the following is not a factor used by courts when testing for the validity of a
time, place, and manner regulation?
a.
the content of the speech
b.
a significant government interest
c.
other channels of expression
d.
the group/person making the speech
21. Which of the following is not an issue addressed by the “Matrix Program?”
a.
vandalism
b.
graffiti
c.
littering
d.
rape
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22. The Constitution does not permit a legislature to set a net large enough to catch
a.
all possible gang members.
b.
all possible prostitutes.
c.
all possible rapists.
d.
all possible offenders.
23. To deal with gang problems, many cities have utilized the civil remedy of an
injunction to abate
a.
public nuisances.
b.
public order crimes.
c.
quality of life crimes.
d.
breaches of the peace.
24. In addition to criminal penalties, cities have also turned to what other remedies to
control gang activity?
a.
interlocutory order
b.
mandate to cease
c.
warrant to stop
d.
civil remedies
25. In Morales v. Chicago, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the city’s anti-gang
ordinance was unconstitutional because it
a.
violated equal protection.
b.
discriminated against blacks.
c.
unreasonably interfered with First Amendment rights.
d.
was void for vagueness.
26. In medieval times, who had power to try and punish crimes against morals?
a.
government
b.
king
c.
church
d.
monarch
Chapter 12: Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
27. The term “victimless crime” usually only applies to the conduct of
a.
minors.
b.
adults.
c.
gang members.
d.
minorities.
28. Which of the following is not an example of a “victimless crime”?
a.
loitering
b.
substance abuse
c.
embezzlement
d.
assisted suicide
29. States can control the time, place and manner, but can not control the content of
a.
panhandling.
b.
prostitution.
c.
loitering.
d.
solicitation.
30. The debate between Mill and Stephen concerns the relationship between
a.
society and government.
b.
morality and law.
c.
the haves and have-nots.
d.
civil and criminal law.
31. Currently prostitution means all contacts and penetrations as long as they’re done with
the intent to
a.
gratify sexual appetite.
b.
end in the sex act.
c.
end in sex between a man and a woman.
d.
end in sex between persons of the same sex.
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32. What type of crimes are a hot-button issue between those who believe that criminal
law should enforce morality and those who believe the nonviolent behavior of
competent adults is none of the law’s business?
a.
“victimless” crimes against public decency
b.
sex crimes
c.
aggravated assault crimes
d.
homicides
33. What are disorderly conduct crimes aimed at?
a.
sexual intercourse
b.
serious crime
c.
sex crime
d.
bad manners
34. Which of the following would be guilty of the crime of promoting or soliciting
prostitution?
a.
pimp
b.
libertine
c.
nymphomaniac
d.
Luddite
35. In most states, prostitution and promoting prostitution are
a.
felonies.
b.
misdemeanors.
c.
not considered crimes.
d.
crimes that are not generally enforced by authorities.
TRUE/FALSE
1. The broken windows theory was originally proposed by Wilson and Mill.
a. true
b. false
Chapter 12: Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
2. Throughout most of our history, “bad manners” crimes have been called crimes
against public order.
a. true
b. false
3. Vagrancy means to remain in one place with no apparent purpose.
a. true
b. false
4. In the past, states had traditional laws prohibiting loitering and vagrancy.
a. true
b. false
5. According to the text, past research reports have recommended that prostitution be
decriminalized.
a. true
b. false
6. The term “panhandling” means “begging.”
a. true
b. false
7. Nonviolent sex offenses cover a broad spectrum.
a. true
b. false
8. Expressive conduct is protected by the First Amendment.
a. true
b. false
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9. Commercial speech is protected by the First Amendment.
a. true
b. false
10. Although it’s a crime to buy and sell sex it is not a crime to solicit prostitution.
a. true
b. false
11. The “broken windows” theory claims “quality of life” crimes are linked to serious
crime.
a. true
b. false
12. To be constitutional, time, place and manner regulations must be based on the content
of the speech.
a. true
b. false
13. Order and liberty are goals that can be inconsistent.
a. true
b. false
14. Disorderly conduct crimes are offenses against public order and morals.
a. true
b. false
15. A preliminary injunction is a final or permanent court order designed to freeze the
status quo.
a. true
b. false
Chapter 12: Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
16. Under the Model Penal Code, fighting in public qualifies as actus reus for disorderly
conduct.
a. true
b. false
17. Most people are more worried about bad public manners than they are about serious
crimes.
a. true
b. false
18. The U.S. Supreme Court has never struck down a vagrancy or loitering law.
a. true
b. false
19. The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that “ordered liberty” is a fundamental requirement
of the Constitution.
a. true
b. false
20. The list of quality-of-life offenses includes public drinking and drunkenness.
a. true
b. false
COMPLETION
1. Quality of life crimes underscore the tension between and order in a
constitutional democracy.
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2. Loitering and vagrancy laws were frequently found unconstitutional under the void-
for-____________ doctrine.
3. In forums—airports, bus stations, railroad stations, subways, and
shopping malls—the government has broad power to restrict and even prohibit
solicitation.
4. _______________ can beg honestly or on streets and in parks.
5. Civil gang (CGI) are a growing gang suppression strategy.
6. The term victimless crimes applies only to .
7. Panhandling is protected ____________ speech.
8. Under the First Amendment, for a regulation to be considered valid, time, place, and
manner restrictions must serve ____________ government interests.
Chapter 12: Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
9. A panhandling that prohibits “aggressive panhandling” leaves
panhandlers free to beg peaceably.
10. Broken ____________ theory suggests that tolerance of minor offenses can lead to
more serious crimes.
ESSAY
1. What types of criminal and civil laws have been used to try to deal with gang
problems?
Instructor’s Resource Manual with Test Bank
2. Discuss the broken windows theory and provide examples. What has the research
shown about the validity of the theory?
3. Discuss the controversy surrounding the laws regulating the behavior of homeless and
other street people. What is the argument in support of these laws and what is the
argument against these laws?
4. What are victimless crimes, and why are they controversial? Be sure to provide
examples.
Chapter 12: Crimes Against Public Order and Morals
5. Discuss the issues surrounding panhandling legislation. Be sure to discuss the tension
between order and liberty in creating laws regarding behavior such as panhandling.