Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Chapter 12
Patterns of Inheritance
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The first detailed and quantitative studies on inheritance were carried out by an Austrian
monk named _____.
2. Mendel used the garden ___ plant for his studies on inheritance.
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
3. The phenotypic ratio for the F1 generation that results from a testcross between a
homozygous individual and a heterozygous individual is
4. In modern terminology, Mendel’s heredity “factors” are called
5. The observable expression of the genes present in an organism is called its
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
6. Alternate forms of the same gene are called
7. The Principle of ________ states that the 2 alleles present at each gene locus separate from
one another during gamete formation and remain distinct.
8. Mendel used the ______ to determine whether an individual with the dominant
phenotype was homozygous or heterozygous for that trait.
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
9. A diploid organism that has two identical alleles for a given trait is called _______ for that
trait.
10. An allele for a particular trait that is only expressed in the presence of a second copy of
the same allele is called
Check All That Apply Questions
11. Mendel demonstrated which of the following about inherited traits? Check all that apply.
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
12. Knight followed up on attempts of English farmers to improve varieties of agriculture
with his studies on garden peas. When he crossed two true-breeding varieties, he found all of
13. Mendel chose the garden pea for his work on inheritance for which of the following
reasons? Check all that apply.
Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
14. During his experiments with pea plants, Mendel referred to the trait that was expressed in
the F1 or first filial generation as
15. In Mendel’s experiments on seed color in pea plants, when a dominant yellow seed-
bearing plant was crossed with a recessive green seed-bearing plant, what was the
approximate phenotypic ratio among the F2 generation?
Check All That Apply Questions
16. Mendel’s understanding of the inheritance of traits in peas, expressed in modern language,
included: Check all that apply.
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Multiple Choice Questions
17. Individuals that have 2 alleles for most gene loci are best described as
18. If fertilization involves two gametes that contain different alleles of a given gene, the
resulting offspring is
19. In a heterozygous individual, the allele being expressed is
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
20. An allele that is present but unexpressed is
21. The allelic make up of a cell or individual is referred to as its
22. The observable outward manifestation of the genes of an individual is referred to as its
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
23. What type of cross is used to determine if an individual with the dominant form of a trait
is homozygous or heterozygous?
Check All That Apply Questions
24. Based on his monohybrid crosses, Mendel’s proposed which of the following? Check all
that apply.
Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
25. A cross where we follow the inheritance of 2 pairs of alleles is called
26. Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t = dwarf. If the upper case
letters represent the dominant alleles, what is the phenotype of a plant with the genotype
PpTt?
27. Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t = dwarf. What are the
genotypes of the gametes that are produced by a plant that is heterozygous for both traits?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know? How does it relate to the question?
Consider Possibilities
•
Are other answers plausible?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what approach is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
28. Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t = dwarf. Of the 16 possible
gamete combinations in the dihybrid cross between 2 double heterozygotes, how many would
produce the phenotype white, tall?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about dihybrid crosses? How does it relate to the question?
Consider Possibilities
•
What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
29. Mendel’s Principle of Independent Assortment states that different pairs of
30. The independent assortment of allele pairs is due to
31. If a single gene has 3 or more alternative forms, this is called
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
32. Sometimes, one gene pair will interfere with the expression of a second gene pair in an
interaction called
33. If an individual allele has more than one effect on the phenotype, this is called
34. ABO blood group determination is an example of
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
35. When Mendel crossed purple-flowered pea plants with white-flowered pea plants, he
never got offspring with flowers that had an intermediate color. This was counter to the theory
of
36. Sometimes, when Mendel crossed two pea plants with each other, he obtained a
phenotypic ratio of 3:1 purple-flowered pea plants to white-flowered pea plants. These results
are consistent with which set of parents?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about crosses and phenotype ratios? How does it relate to the
question?
Consider Possibilities
•
What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
more desirable result?
37. Height is a trait that shows continuous variation in humans. In pea plants, on the other
hand, the tall allele is dominant over the short allele and there are no intermediate heights.
What is the best explanation for this difference?
38. An extensive study was conducted on identical twins who were separated at birth. Among
other things, the study showed that the individual from each pair who received better nutrition
during childhood tended to score higher on standardized intelligence tests. This can best be
described as an example of how
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Clarify Question
•
What is the key concept addressed by the question?
•
What type of thinking is required?
•
What key words does the question contain?
Gather Content
•
What do you already know about genotype and phenotype? How does it relate to the
question?
Consider Possibilities
•
What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
39. Irene knows her blood type is A, but William does not know his blood type. However,
William knows that his mother and father both had blood type B. Irene and William’s first
child is a boy with type O blood. Based on this information, William’s blood type could be