Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Clarify Question
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What is the key concept addressed by the question?
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What type of thinking is required?
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What key words does the question contain?
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What do you already know about blood type alleles? How does it relate to the question?
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What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
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Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
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Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
40. A person who has lost a large amount of blood but is still alive is found in a wrecked
automobile under a highway bridge. Several people are helping the paramedics load the
victim into the ambulance. After the ambulance has departed for the hospital, you overhear
the following conversation from the persons who helped the paramedics. “I am certain that
when that guy gets to the hospital, they will transfuse him with any blood that they have in the
blood bank since he has lost so much blood.” The other person says, “Yeah, I bet you’re
right!” Having had a biology course, you know which blood could be safely given to anyone.
Select it below.
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
41. A diploid individual carrying two identical alleles at a given gene locus is called
42. The ______ of an organism refers to the alleles that are present.
43. The observable expression of the genes present is called
44. A diploid individual carrying two different alleles at a given gene locus is called
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
45. A male fruit fly has the genotype PpYYrrTt. In terms of these 4 allele pairs, how many
different types of gametes can he form?
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What do you already know about alleles and gametes? How does it relate to the question?
Consider Possibilities
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
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What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Choose Answer
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Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
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Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
A secretor (allele seS) is a person who secretes their blood type antigens into body fluids
such as saliva. By comparison, a non-secretor (allele seNS) does not. A person’s status as a
secretor or non-secretor is independent of blood type. Consider the following inheritance
pattern of this trait:
46. The most-likely explanation for this inheritance pattern is that the secretor trait is
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Clarify Question
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What type of thinking is required?
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What key words does the question contain?
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What do you already know about allele dominance relationships?
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So which dominance relationship best matches the data?
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Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
47. The genotypic ratio produced in the last cross is most likely
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
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What do you already know about this type of cross?
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Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
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Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
48. In white tigers, the absence of fur pigmentation is caused by a recessive allele that also
causes the tigers to be cross-eyed. If two tigers heterozygous for this allele mate, what do you
expect to see among the offspring?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
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parents in this cross are heterozygous – they carry two different alleles.
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What do you already know about monohybrid crosses?
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Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
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Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
49. If you crossed flies heterozygous for the Cy allele, what phenotypes would you find in the
adult F1 generation?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
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What do you already know about dominant and recessive alleles?
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What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
50. Let Y = yellow and y = green, and R = round and r = wrinkled. You cross YYRR peas
with yyrr peas. All of the F1 individuals are yellow and round with a genotype of YyRr. You
then perform an F2 cross and get the expected 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio. What proportion of
the F2 plants are expected to be heterozygous for both traits?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
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What type of thinking is required?
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What do you already know about dihybrid crosses?
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•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
51. Let R = red pigment and r = no pigment. In carnations, RR offspring make a lot of red
pigment, rr offspring make no pigment and Rr offspring make a small amount of red pigment,
thus appearing pink. Pink carnations are therefore an example of
52. A Punnett square is generally used to
53. As a genetic counselor, you are constructing a human pedigree for a particular disease.
You note that every generation shows the trait, suggesting that the trait is
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
54. Achondroplasia is a common form of dwarfism caused by an autosomal dominant
mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene. Two copies of the mutant
gene are invariably fatal before or shortly after birth. If a person with achondroplasia marries
a person of normal height, what is the probability that both their first child and second child
will have achondroplasia?
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
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being affected.
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What do you already know about phenotype ratios from crosses?
Consider Possibilities
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What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
o Punnett squares are a useful way to determine both genotype and phenotype ratios.
Choose Answer
•
Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
Chapter 12 – Patterns of Inheritance
•
Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
55. Mendel performed reciprocal crosses in which he used pollen from a white-flowered
plant to fertilize a purple-flowered plant and pollen from a purple-flowered plant to fertilize a
white-flowered plant. What did these reciprocal crosses demonstrate?
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