Chapter 12 Teaching Students with Speech and Language
Disorders
12.1 Multiple Choice
1. A communication difference is considered a disability in which of the following situations?
A) when a student’s language is culturally different
B) when the transmission or perception of messages is faulty
C) when the student speaks a language different from that of the dominant culture
D) All of the above are cultural differences that suggest a disability.
2. ________ communication techniques do not require any physical object or device to enable the individual to
communicate (e.g., speech, manual signs or gestures, facial communication).
A) Assistive
B) Aided
C) Unaided
D) all of the above
3. ________ communication techniques require a physical object or device to enable the individual to
communicate (e.g., charts, communication boards).
A) Assistive
B) Aided
C) Unaided
D) none of the above
4. Because many other students have conditions other than a primary disability of speech/language impairment, the total
percentage of students served by speech-language pathologists is about ________.
A) 3%
B) 5%
C) 8%
D) 10%
5. ________ refers to the content of language and relates to the meaning of words and word combinations.
A) Semantics
B) Morphology
C) Pragmatics
D) Phonology
6. Speech disorders include disorders of all of the following except
A) voice disorders.
B) language disorders.
C) fluency disorders.
D) articulation and phonological disorders.
7. ________ is a variation of a symbol system used by a group of individuals that reflects, and is determined by,
shared regional, social, or cultural/ethnic factors.
A) Cultural transmission
B) Augmentative communication
C) Alternative communication
D) Communicative difference/dialect
8. ________ is the sound system of a language and the linguistic rules that govern the sound combinations.
A) Morphology
B) Semantics
C) Phonology
D) Syntax
9. Consider the following two sentences
Larry hit the ball.
The ball hit Larry.
These sentences relate a concern of
A) semantics.
B) syntax.
C) articulation.
D) morphology.
10. The following analogy is an issue related to
“A rolling stone gathers no moss.”
A) morphology.
B) pragmatics.
C) syntax.
D) semantics.
11. A disorder involving the form of language includes systems related to
A) syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.
B) phonology, morphology, and syntax.
C) voice, modulation, and fluency.
D) syntax, semantics, and phonology.
12. The distinction among the words pretty, prettier, and prettiest, are related to
A) phonology.
B) pragmatics.
C) semantics.
D) morphology.
13. Articulation errors
A) are relatively rare.
B) are normal and acceptable among very young children.
C) are almost always due to psychological disturbances.
D) all of the above
14. The causes of articulation disorders include
A) lack of opportunity to practice appropriate/inappropriate speech.
B) transient hearing loss during early childhood.
C) cleft palate.
D) brain damage.
E) all of the above
15. ________ and ________ disorders are the most common speech disorders.
A) Fluency and phonological
B) Articulatory and phonological
C) Receptive and expressive language
D) Phonology and morphology
16. Which of the following is the most common type of speech disorder?
A) voice disorder
B) fluency disorder
C) articulation disorder
D) semantic disorder
17. Six-year-old Sara says “bin” for “then.” This is an example of
A) an articulation error.
B) a semantic error.
C) a morphological error.
D) a syntax error.
18. Voice disorders include problems with
A) morphology and phonology.
B) phonation and resonance.
C) semantics and syntax.
D) the content of language.
19. Seven-year-old Nancy says “hamburglar” for “hamburger.” This is an example of a(n)
A) distortion.
B) substitution.
C) omission.
D) addition.
20. Excessive hoarseness over a long period of time may be indicative of
A) a speech disorder.
B) a phonation and/or resonance disorder.
C) a language disorder.
D) environmental disadvantage.
21. A medical professional who treats children with ear, nose, and throat problems is referred to as a(n) ________.
A) ophthalmologist
B) octogenarian
C) otolaryngologist
D) none of the above
22. Speech dysfluencies
A) are common among children ages 3 to 5.
B) are universal among all individuals.
C) often decrease around the age of 5.
D) all of the above
23. ________ usually consist(s) of blocking, repeating, or prolonging sounds, syllables, words, or phrases.
A) A voice disorder
B) Fluency problems
C) Articulation disorders
D) Language disorders
24. Twelve-year-old Antonio frequently fails to wait his turn in conversation. This is a concern related to
A) syntax.
B) semantics.
C) pragmatics.
D) morphology.
25. Consider the variations of the root word “pave.”
pavement
repave
These variations are related to
A) morphology.
B) semantics.
C) syntax.
D) phonology.
26. The difference between the consonant blend sounds for “st” and “str” are related to
A) morphology.
B) syntax.
C) phonology.
D) semantics.
27. All of the following are types of language disorders except
A) articulation and phonological language disorders.
B) absence of verbal language.
C) qualitatively different language.
D) delayed language development.
E) interrupted language development.
12.2 True or False
1. When communication is impaired, absent, or qualitatively different, social problems may result in school.
2. Students with communication disorders represent one of the largest groups of students with disabilities.
3. The vast majority of students with speech and language disorders are children ages 6 to 11.
4. Of all students with disabilities, students with speech or language impairments are the most included in general
education classrooms.
5. Articulation and phonological disorders are relatively rare disorders.
6. Vocal disturbances are common among young children.
7. Most voice disorders are the result of learned speech patterns.
8. There is growing evidence that stuttering is caused by a hearing problem.
9. Speech is the only possible vehicle for expressing language.
10. There is a fairly typical sequence of language development among young children.
12.3 Short Answer
1. ________ is the interactive exchange of information and ideas and involves encoding, transmitting, and
decoding messages.
2. ________ is the actual behavior of producing a language code by making appropriate vocal sound patterns.
3. Two (2) types of communication disorders are ______________.
4. ________ are abnormalities of speech related to volume, quality, or pitch.
5. ________ refers to the production of sounds by the vocal cords.
6. Disorders of ________ involve problems with hypernasality and hyponasality.
7. ________ refers to the pattern of the rate and flow of a person’s speech.
8. ________ is a system used by a group of people for giving meaning to sounds, words, gestures, or other symbols to
enable communication with one another.
9. ________ language involves receiving and decoding or interpreting language.
10. ________ language involves encoding or producing a message. Examples include speaking and writing.
11. Reading and listening are examples of ________ language.
12. ________ is a system used to supplement the communicative skills of individuals for whom the production of
speech is impossible.
13. ________ communication includes devices that serve students who are unable to speak.
14. A ________ is a device that is frequently used by students with no spoken language. This device contains
words, phrases, or numbers to assist the student in communicating.
15. An impairment in the ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts or verbal, nonverbal, and graphic
symbol systems is defined as a ___________.
12.4 Essay
1. An elementary teacher frequently encounters students with speech disorders in his or her classroom. Describe ways that
the teacher can facilitate the development of good speech in the elementary classroom. Also, discuss when an elementary
teacher might need to refer a student for a speech/language evaluation.
2. Describe at least four (4) strategies for identifying and/or referring students with articulation and phonological
disorders.
3. Identify at least three (3) indicators of language impairment for children in primary grades.
4. Identify at least two (2) indicators of language impairment for children in the intermediate grades.
5. Identify at least three (3) indicators of language impairment for youth in the middle and high school grades.
Chapter 12 Teaching Students with Speech and Language Disorders
12.1 Multiple Choice
12.2 True or False
12.3 Short Answer
12.4 Essay