181. (p. 324) In its early years, the AFL’s strategy was to:
D. form one big craft union which everyone could join; but it later split into several smaller organizations.
182. (p. 324) The CIO wanted to organize unskilled and semiskilled workers into:
A. craft unions.
183. (p. 324) The __________ was set up as a federation of many separate craft unions.
A. Knights of Labor
184. (p. 324) The leadership of _____________ was instrumental in bringing about the merger between the
American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1955.
185. (p. 323-324) The Industrial Revolution was characterized by a(n):
D. movement away from scientific management, and a greater acceptance of the ideas of Herzberg and Maslow.
186. (p. 323) Critics of labor unions argue that unions are no longer needed to protect workers from abusive and
unfair treatment because:
A. the widespread use of ESOPs has given most workers control over their workplace.
187. (p. 324) A major reason John L. Lewis and his followers broke with the AFL and formed the CIO was that:
A. the leaders of the AFL wanted to focus on political objectives while Lewis and his followers wanted to focus
on economic objectives.
188. (p. 324) The AFL originally was a federation of craft unions that did not attempt to organize industrial unions.
The main reason for this strategy was that:
D. most industrial unions had supported the Knights of Labor in a dispute with the AFL during the 1880s.
189. (p. 323) Antonio received specific training to become an electrician. He belongs to a union with other skilled
electricians. Antonio belongs to a(n):
D. company union.
190. (p. 324) Geraldo works on the assembly line for a major automobile manufacturer. He was hired for the job
without any specific training or skill. Geraldo joined a union with other assembly-line workers who perform a
variety of jobs that do not require a highly specialized skill. Geraldo belongs to a(n):
D. traditional union.
191. (p. 324) Which of the following statements is the most accurate assessment of the historical role of the AFL
in the labor movement? In its early years the AFL:
A. attracted a lot of public attention and political support because it was the first truly national labor
organization in the United States.
192. (p. 325) Samuel Gompers believed that ___________ was the key to attaining a fairer share of the economic
pie for American workers.
D. organizing workers into industrial unions
193. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The _________ Act established the National Labor Relations Board.
D. Fair Labor Standards
194. (p. 325-326, figure 12.2) __________ is the process by which a union becomes recognized by the National Labor
Relations Board as the bargaining agent for a group of employees.
D. Affiliation
195. (p. 325-326, figure 12.2) ____________ is the process by which a group of workers take away a union’s right to
represent them.
D. Disenfranchisement
196. (p. 325) _____________ is the process by which representatives of a union meet with representatives of
management to negotiate a contract for workers.
A. Mediation
197. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The ______________ was established by the Wagner Act to oversee labor-management
relations.
A. Federal Trade Commission
198. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The first federal minimum wage was established by the:
D. Pay Equity Act.
199. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The _____________ outlawed the use of yellow-dog contracts and prohibited courts from
issuing injunctions against nonviolent union activities.
A. Landrum-Griffin Act
200. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The __________ guaranteed the rights of individual union members when dealing with their
union.
D. Taft-Hartley Act
201. (p. 325, figure 12.1) Which of the following acts gave more power to management in its relations with organized
labor?
A. Norris-LaGuardia Act
202. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The Taft-Hartley Act:
D. set up the process by which unions could be recognized as the exclusive bargaining agents for a group of
workers.
203. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The ___________ guaranteed union members the right to nominate candidates for union
office and participate in union meetings.
A. Taft-Hartley Act
204. (p. 325, figure 12.1) One goal of the Landrum-Griffin Act was to:
A. firmly establish the right of unions to engage in collective bargaining.
205. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The Wagner Act is best described as a(n):
D. anti-collective bargaining law.
206. (p. 325, figure 12.1) John belongs to a labor union. He believes a few key people run the union by meeting
secretly and making decisions without informing other members or allowing them to fully participate in the
meetings. If John’s suspicions are correct, the union is violating provisions of the __________ Act.
D. Wagner
207. (p. 325, figure 12.1) The Labor-Management Relations Act (or Taft-Hartley Act) can be best described as a law
which:
A. gave unions much more power and led to a rapid rise in union membership.
208. (p. 325) During the 1920s and early 1930s the Dallas Sheet Metal Shop was able to prevent workers from
forming a union by requiring them to sign an employment contract in which they agreed not to join a union as a
condition of employment. Dallas was making use of:
D. implied consent decrees.
209. (p. 325) Margaret is part of a team of union members that is meeting with representatives of her company’s
management in an effort to negotiate a labor contract for the workers her union represents. Margaret is
participating in a process known as:
D. certification discussions.
210. (p. 325) Bob believes that management is treating him unfairly because of his efforts to organize a vote for
union representation. Which organization should Bob contact to report his concerns?
D. Federal Commission on Unfair Labor Practices
211. (p. 325) The primary purpose of collective bargaining is to:
A. ensure worker participation in setting the goals and objectives of the company.
212. (p. 325) Which of the following statements about collective bargaining is most consistent with the views of
Samuel Gompers?
D. Unions should not count on collective bargaining to achieve their goals, because management can’t be trusted
to bargain in good faith.
213. (p. 325) Union leaders at the Baadfathe Corporation are furious. Although the union is certified by the NLRB,
its negotiating team has had little success in getting management to meet with them to work on a new labor
contract. In fact, during the last 3 months, the management team has agreed to meet only twice, once on a
weekend, and the other time after 8:00 p.m. Even during those two meetings, the management team was
unwilling to offer serious proposals. It appears that Baadfathe’s management team is violating provisions of
the:
A. Taft-Harley Act.
214. (p. 326) During the 1970s, the primary objective of most labor unions was to:
C. obtain more job security for their members.
D. establish employee stock ownership programs.
215. (p. 326) During the 1980s, unions became increasingly concerned with the issues of:
A. pay and fringe benefits.
216. (p. 326) Over the past several decades unions have:
D. consistently favored policies that would move the U.S. economy toward a command system.
217. (p. 327) The __________ sets the tone and clarifies the terms and conditions under which labor and
management agree to function over a specific period of time.
C. open shop agreement
D. bargaining zone
218. (p. 327) The AFL-CIO was __________ the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA).
219. (p. 327) The AFL-CIO was a major __________ of the NAFTA agreement passed by Congress in 1994.
220. (p. 327, Dealing with Change box) According to the “Dealing with Change” box in Chapter 12, the purpose of the
Center for Community and Corporate Ethics (CCCE) is to:
D. monitor pricing at all Wal-Marts in the U.S.
221. (p. 328) Under _____________ workers are not required to join the union, but those who do not join still
must pay a fee or regular dues to the union.
A. right-to-work laws
222. (p. 328, figure 12.4) Under a(n) ___________ shop agreement, workers must belong to the union before they are
hired.
A. open
223. (p. 328) The justification for dues or fees paid by nonunion members to the union in a(n) _________ shop is
that the union represents all workers in collective bargaining, not just those who belong to the union.
D. union
224. (p. 328) In a(n) __________ shop, workers do not have to belong to a union before they are hired, but they
must join a union within a specified period (usually 30, 60, or 90 days) in order to keep their job.
A. agency
225. (p. 328-329, figure 12.4) If a union is present in a firm that has a(n) _________ shop arrangement, workers may
join the union if they wish, but they are not required to join or pay a union fee in order to keep their jobs.
D. agency
226. (p. 330) A(n) ___________ is a union official who works permanently in an organization and represents
employee interests on a daily basis.
D. president
227. (p. 328, figure 12.4) Closed shops were declared illegal by the:
C. National Labor Relations Board in 1929.
D. U.S. Supreme Court in 1946.
228. (p. 330) ___________ is the use of a third party to encourage labor and management to continue negotiating
in an effort to settle a labor dispute or achieve a mutually acceptable labor-management agreement.
D. Intercession
229. (p. 331) The process of bringing in an impartial third party to render a binding decision in a labor dispute is
referred to as:
A. resolution.
230. (p. 328, figure 12.3) Which of the following topics is generally covered in a negotiated labor-management
agreement?
C. manager fringe benefits
D. salaries of managers
231. (p. 329, figure 12.5) Union shops are illegal in the state of North Carolina. This means that North Carolina:
D. is taking advantage of a loophole in the National Labor Relations Act.
232. (p. 328) In a union shop:
D. workers are required to sign yellow-dog contracts.
233. (p. 328-329) The key difference between an agency shop and an open shop is that in an agency shop:
A. workers must join the union within a stipulated time period (usually 30, 60, or 90 days) in order to keep their
jobs, but in an open shop the workers are not required to join the union.
234. (p. 330-331) A key difference between a mediator and an arbitrator is that:
A. a mediator is appointed by labor and management, while an arbitrator is appointed by the federal government
under terms set forth in the Taft-Hartley Act.
235. (p. 328-329) Hector is philosophically opposed to unions. “Why should I be required to join an organization I
don’t agree with, or pay a fee to support it financially?” he asked some of his buddies who belong to the union.
“I thought this was a free country, but I don’t feel very free when I’m told that I’ll lose my job if I don’t join the
D. certified
236. (p. 328, figure12.4) Amie was recently hired at Kreigmeister Industries as a repairperson. She was informed that
even if she did not join the union representing her fellow repair workers, she would still have to pay a fee to the
union. Apparently, Kreigmeister operates under a(n):
A. illegal arrangement, since nonmembers can never legally be required to pay fees to unions.
237. (p. 328) In the late 1930s management at Bodenger Industries agreed to hire only those workers who were
already members of the Steelworkers Union. Bodenger had agreed to a type of arrangement known as a(n):
D. restricted shop.
238. (p. 331, figure 12.6) At the Grenchit Corporation the union and management have not been able to reach a
mutually satisfactory agreement on a grievance. The two sides have agreed to bring in a(n) _________ who will
examine the evidence and arguments on both sides and issue a binding decision.
D. union steward
239. (p. 329) Anna believes that her manager violated the terms of the negotiated labor-management agreement
when he required her to report to work on a holiday. She has discussed her concerns with her shop steward and
he agrees with her. It is likely the steward will encourage Anna to:
A. start looking for another job in a right-to-work state.
240. (p. 330-331, figure 12.6) You’ve been on your lunch break for less than 45 minutes when your boss orders you to
return to work immediately or be docked an hour’s pay. You complain that the current labor contract specifies a
full hour for your lunch break and you still have over 15 minutes left. Your boss stands firm on his order for
you to return to work. Under protest, you return to work, but plan to file a grievance. The first step you should
take is to contact a(n):
A. arbitrator.
241. (p. 330) Dr. Kwan, a professor at a local university, has been working with the union leaders and management
at Empire Corporation to help the two sides resolve differences over desired wage levels for a new contract.
First, he met with each side privately to determine any common ground for agreement. For the past week, he
has worked with representatives from each side to promote communication and compromise at the bargaining
table. Dr. Kwan is a(n):
D. shop steward.
242. (p. 328) Yogi believes that an agency shop is the most desirable union security arrangement. Which of the
following statements would be most likely to represent Yogi’s views?
A. A union can succeed in its collective bargaining efforts only if it represents all workers. Therefore, workers
should be required to join the union soon after they are hired.