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Figure 12.1
Using Fig. 12.1, Match the following:
83)
Pons
83)
Figure 12.2
Using Figure 12.2, match the following:
84)
Corpus callosum.
84)
85)
A temporary cessation of breathing during sleep found most commonly in the elderly is
called sleep ________.
85)
Figure 12.3
Using Figure 12.3, match the following:
86)
Horn containing autonomic neurons
86)
87)
What is the cauda equina and why is it given this name?
87)
Figure 12.3
Using Figure 12.3, match the following:
88)
Site containing central canal.
88)
89)
What seven areas of the body does the hypothalamus control?
89)
90)
The ________ is the main switch station for memory; if the right and left areas are
damaged, the past is lost.
90)
91)
What is the importance of the fact that the outer portion of the cerebral hemispheres is
convoluted?
91)
Figure 12.3
Using Figure 12.3, match the following:
92)
Site of efferent soma.
92)
93)
Which brain areas lack a blood-brain barrier, and what purpose does this absence serve?
93)
Figure 12.3
Using Figure 12.3, match the following:
94)
Multipolar neurons are common here.
94)
95)
The two longitudinal ridges on the medulla oblongata where many descending fibers cross
over are called the ________.
95)
96)
List factors that can enhance the transfer of information from short-term memory to
long-term memory.
96)
97)
The corpora quadrigemina are found in the ________.
97)
98)
What is the limbic system?
98)
Figure 12.1
Using Fig. 12.1, Match the following:
99)
White fiber tracts
99)
Explanation:
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
100)
One functional center found within the medulla oblongata is a respiratory center involved in the
control of the rate and depth of breathing.
100)
101)
Nuclei relating to the startle reflex are located in the corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain.
101)
102)
The three basic regions of the cerebrum are the cerebral cortical gray matter, internal white matter,
and the superior and inferior colliculi.
102)
103)
A flat EEG is a good indication of deep sleep.
103)
104)
The left cerebral hemisphere is usually dominant.
104)
105)
The terms fainting and syncope describe the same thing.
105)
106)
The adult spinal cord ends between L1 and L2.
106)
107)
The RAS is comprised of specific pathways primarily in the limbic system.
107)
108)
The canal connecting the third and fourth ventricles and running through the midbrain is the
foramen of Monro.
108)
109)
Most of the ascending and descending pathways to and from the brain cross over from one side of
the body to the other.
109)
110)
Projection fibers in the brain mainly connect the right and left hemispheres.
110)
111)
The first obvious sign that the nervous system is forming in the embryo is the thickening of the
surface ectoderm to form the neural plate.
111)
112)
Commissural fibers connect the cerebrum to the diencephalon.
112)
113)
Specific motor and sensory functions are localized in specific areas called domains, whereas
memory and language have overlapping domains.
113)
114)
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates within the ventricles of the brain and in the subarachnoid space
114)
115)
The limbic system acts as our emotional, or affective, brain.
115)
116)
Embryonic damage to the mesencephalon could result in improper formation of the midbrain.
116)
117)
Nondeclarative memories preserve the circumstances in which they are learned.
117)
118)
Meningitis is the most accurate term for inflammation of neurons.
118)
119)
The primary visual cortex contains a map of visual space.
119)
120)
Sorting of sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate cerebral sensory area occurs in the
hypothalamus.
120)
121)
Cell bodies of the somatic motor neurons of the spinal nerves are located in the ventral horn of the
spinal cord.
121)
122)
A disturbance of posture, muscle tremors at rest, and uncontrolled muscle contraction are all
symptoms of damage to the basal nuclei.
122)
123)
NREM sleep normally exhibits four distinct stages, which appear to alternate.
123)
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following:
124)
Executive suite
125)
Survival center
A)
Cerebrum
124)
125)
Match the following stages of sleep with their descriptions:
126)
Indicated by movement of the eyes
under the lids; dreaming occurs.
A)
REM
126)
Match the following:
127)
Visceral command center
A)
Hypothalamus
Match the following stages of sleep with their descriptions:
128)
Typified by sleep spindles.
129)
Begins about 90 minutes after the
onset of sleep.
A)
REM
128)
129)
Match the following:
130)
Primary sensory cortex.
131)
Somatic motor cortex.
A)
Frontal lobe
130)
Match the following stages of sleep with their descriptions:
132)
Theta and delta waves begin to
appear.
A)
Stage 3
132)
Match the following:
133)
Seat of intelligence, abstract reasoning.
A)
Frontal lobe
Match the following:
134)
Where nerves serving the upper limbs
arise
A)
Cervical enlargement
134)
Match the following:
135)
Gateway to the cerebrum
A)
Thalamus
135)
Match the following stages of sleep with their descriptions:
136)
Very easy to awaken; EEG shows
alpha waves; may even deny being
asleep.
A)
Stage 1
136)
Match the following:
137)
Taste (gustatory) area.
A)
Insula
Match the following:
138)
Point of termination of the spinal cord
in an adult
A)
Conus medullaris
138)
Match the following:
139)
Auditory area.
A)
Temporal lobe
Match the following:
140)
Motor command center
A)
Cerebellum
Match the following:
141)
Visual area.
A)
Occipital lobe
Match the following:
142)
Collection of nerve roots at the inferior
end of the vertebral canal
A)
Cauda equine
142)
Match the following:
143)
This brain area associates experiences
necessary for the production of
abstract ideas, judgment, and
conscience.
144)
A major relay station for sensory
information ascending to primary
sensory areas of the cerebral cortex.
Contains many specialized nuclei.
145)
The axons from this area form the
major pyramidal tracts.
A)
Thalamus
B)
Prefrontal area
143)
144)
145)
Match the following:
146)
Premotor area.
A)
Frontal lobe
146)
Match the following:
147)
Anchors the spinal cord in place
A)
Filum terminale
Match the following stages of sleep with their descriptions:
148)
The stage when vital signs (blood
pressure, heart rate, and body
temperature) reach their lowest
normal levels.
A)
Stage 4
148)
Match the following:
149)
Motor speech area.
A)
Frontal lobe
Match the following stages of sleep with their descriptions:
150)
Necessary for emotional health; may
be neural "debugging."
A)
REM
150)
Match the following:
151)
This area is the main visceral control
center of the body.
A)
Hypothalamus
151)
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
152)
Explain why heparin is used as an anticoagulant in the treatment of thrombotic strokes but contraindicated in a
subarachnoid hemorrhage.
153)
Death from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis usually results from respiratory infection secondary to compromised
respiratory function. Explain why.
154)
Robert was helping his son work on the son's car when he temporarily lost the ability to speak in a normal
manner and had difficulty handing his son the requested tools. This episode lasted for several minutes and then
he was himself again. Robert's son insisted that his dad see his doctor after this episode. What might be the
doctor's diagnosis of Robert's episode and what could be the cause?
155)
Susan and Robert are the parents of three children. One night while the family was sleeping, a fire broke out
next door. Susan and Robert heard the fire trucks and rushed out to see what was happening. None of the
children woke up, even with the sound of sirens close to the house. Why did the parents wake up, but the
children didn't wake up?
156)
Mrs. Sagalov has recently been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. What clinical symptoms is she likely to
show, and what would probably be seen if her brain were examined?
157)
An 86-year-old patient with Alzheimer's disease was admitted to the hospital with dehydration. Her daughter
states that her mother has been very confused and combative lately. Explain why the patient developed
dehydration.
158)
The location and arrangement of the arteries supplying the hippocampus make it particularly vulnerable to
injury. How would memory be affected if the hippocampus suffered deterioration?
159)
A patient was admitted to the medical/surgical unit with a stroke that affected the motor neurons in the
pyramidal pathway. This affected the loss of voluntary movement to his left side. What other problems would
the patient experience?
160)
A patient is admitted to the rehabilitation unit five days after having a stroke. The nurse assesses his muscle
strength and determines that he has right-sided weakness. Based on this assessment data, what part of the brain
was injured?
Answer Key
Testname: C12
Answer Key
Testname: C12
Answer Key
Testname: C12
Answer Key
Testname: C12
38
Answer Key
Testname: C12
