Fundamentals of Management, 10e (Robbins)
Chapter 12 Leadership and Trust
1) Because leading is one of the four basic managerial functions, ________ leaders.
A) all managers are
B) all managers should be
C) some managers are
D) some managers should be
2) A leader is someone who has managerial authority and can influence others.
3) Leadership identifies a process while leader identifies a person.
4) Ideally, all managers should not be leaders.
5) Early leadership trait research looked to find characteristics that might ________.
A) distinguish ordinary leaders from great leaders
B) define charisma
C) identify the physical traits of leaders
D) differentiate leaders from non-leaders
6) Leaders are ________.
A) individual people, while leadership is a process
B) the first step in the leadership process
C) individual people who study the leadership process.
D) the final step in the leadership process.
7) If a trait theory of leadership were true, then all leaders would possess ________.
A) charisma
B) the same traits
C) different traits
D) seven traits
8) Which of the following is NOT one of the eight traits associated with leadership?
A) Drive
B) Intelligence
C) Introversion
D) Job-relevant knowledge
9) Why was the trait theory of leadership mainly unsuccessful?
A) Researchers were not able to identify a set of traits that always differentiated a leader from a
nonleader.
B) Organizations found the trait theory of leadership too expensive to implement due to the high
costs of testing potential leaders.
C) Research has shown that leadership traits are gender specific, so the process of choosing
leaders based on traits is discriminatory.
D) Too much emphasis was placed on personality traits rather than physical traits, which have
been found to successfully predict leadership.
10) Behavioral theories of leadership focused on ________.
A) who effective leaders were
B) what characteristics effective leaders had
C) how to identify effective leaders
D) what effective leaders did
11) The promise of behavioral theories of leadership held that this would be possible.
A) picking a leader out of crowd
B) being able to train a person to be a leader
C) explaining why successful leaders were successful
D) eliminating ineffective leaders
12) The University of Iowa studies discussed all of the following leadership styles EXCEPT
________ leadership.
A) laissez-faire
B) democratic
C) benevolent
D) autocratic
13) Which leadership style tends to centralize authority and make unilateral decisions?
A) cultural style
B) autocratic style
C) democratic style
D) laissez-faire style
14) Jared’s boss encourages employees to participate in the decision-making process but does not
give them complete freedom to do as they like. She has this kind of leadership style.
A) monarchial
B) autocratic
C) laissez-faire
D) democratic
15) Monica’s boss allows her to make any decision she thinks is important on the spot without
consulting anyone. Monica’s boss has this kind of leadership style.
A) laissez-faire style
B) autocratic style
C) democratic style
D) hands-on style
16) The University of Iowa studies indicated that this was the most successful leadership style.
A) autocratic
B) laissez-faire
C) combination of autocratic and laissez-faire
D) democratic
17) The autocratic style identified in the University of Iowa studies is similar to the ________
style identified by Ohio State.
A) consideration
B) employee oriented
C) initiating structure
D) laissez-faire
18) The employee oriented style identified in the University of Michigan studies is similar to the
________ style identified by Ohio State.
A) initiating structure
B) autocratic
C) laissez-faire
D) consideration
19) The behavioral theories of leadership began around this time.
A) 1900-1920
B) 1920-1940
C) 1940-1960
D) 1960-1980
20) In the Ohio State studies, ________ refers to how strict a leader’s standards are.
A) independent dimensions
B) comprehensive structure
C) initiating structure
D) consideration
21) In the Ohio State studies, ________ refers to how much mutual trust exists between
employees and leaders.
A) consideration of limitations
B) consideration
C) initiating structure
D) initiating ideas
22) A high-high leader in the Ohio State studies achieved the highest ratings with respect to
________.
A) both employee performance and satisfaction
B) employee performance only
C) employee satisfaction only
D) employee performance for routine tasks only
23) The Ohio State studies indicated that leaders who were high in consideration performed
________.
A) best in all situations
B) best when employee tasks were routine
C) worst when employee tasks were routine
D) best when employee tasks were non-routine
24) The Ohio State studies indicated that leaders who were high in initiating structure received
________.
A) the highest employee ratings
B) the lowest employee ratings
C) the same employee ratings as leaders who were high in consideration
D) below-average employee ratings
25) According to the University of Michigan studies, leaders who were ________ were
associated with higher group productivity and higher job satisfaction.
A) employee oriented
B) initiating structure
C) considerate
D) production oriented
26) On the managerial grid, a leader who is high in both concern for people and concern for
production would rate ________.
A) 1,1
B) 9,1
C) 5,5
D) 9,9
27) Estéban was rated a 5,8 on the managerial grid. A good way to describe Estéban is
________.
A) high in concern for both people and production
B) high in concern for people, low in concern for production
C) high in concern for people, moderate in concern for production
D) low in concern for people, moderate in concern for production
28) The dual nature of leadership behaviors suggests that both ________ and ________ are
important determinants of leadership.
A) focus on work; focus on employees
B) focus on traits; focus on behaviors
C) situations; organizations
D) followers; leaders
29) What important determinant of leadership became the focus of leadership theories after the
behavioral studies?
A) Power
B) Charisma
C) The follower
D) The situation
30) Trait theories of leadership focus on how leaders interact with their followers.
31) Research has shown a distinct set of traits that distinguishes leaders from non-leaders.
32) Having leadership traits alone is not useful for identifying who is likely to be a leader.
33) Trait research has given managers the ability to pick out the best leaders from a group.
34) A major goal of behavioral leadership studies is to find ways to train people to be leaders.
35) The behavioral theories of leadership were developed in response to the failings of the trait
theory to adequately explain and predict leadership.
36) The behavioral theories of leadership became dominant around the early 1900s.
37) The Ohio State studies suggested that leaders who were high in structure and low in
consideration were most successful.
38) The University of Michigan studies suggested that the most successful leaders were
production oriented.
39) A leader who ranks 9,9 in the Managerial Grid would have more concern for people than
production.
40) The big problem with the Managerial Grid is that it includes too many contingencies.
41) In a short essay, identify and describe three traits associated with leadership.
42) In a short essay, describe the University of Iowa leadership studies.
43) In a short essay, describe the Ohio State University leadership studies.
44) In a short essay, describe the University of Michigan leadership studies.
45) In a short essay, describe the managerial grid that emerged from the early leadership studies.
46) The key to the Fiedler contingency model of leadership is to match ________.
A) leader and follower
B) leader and leadership style
C) leadership style and follower
D) leadership style and situation
47) What does Fiedler’s least-preferred coworker questionnaire measure?
A) the most common leadership style among all leaders
B) leadership style of respondents who took the test
C) the most effective leadership style
D) the least effective leadership style
48) Fiedler assumed a person’s leadership style ________.
A) is contingent on the situation
B) is variable
C) evolves over time
D) is fixed
49) Fiedler’s LPC ratings concluded that leaders were either ________.
A) positive or negative
B) task oriented or trusting
C) relationship oriented or people oriented
D) task oriented or relationship oriented
50) The ________ dimension reflects the degree of trust and respect subordinates had for their
leader in Fiedler’s model.
A) leader-member relations
B) position power
C) task structure
D) effectiveness
51) Your boss has total control over hiring, firing, and promotions in your department.
According to Fiedler’s ratings of the situation, your boss has ________.
A) low position power
B) high position power
C) high task structure
D) low task structure
52) Jobs in a firm are quite informal. Workers are versatile and switch tasks and responsibilities
depending on the situation. In Fiedler’s model, this firm would be said to have ________.
A) good leader-member relations
B) high position power
C) high task structure
D) low task structure
53) Fiedler concluded that task-oriented leaders performed best when the situation was
________.
A) highly favorable
B) highly unfavorable
C) either highly favorable or highly unfavorable
D) moderately favorable or moderately unfavorable
54) Fiedler concluded that relationship-oriented leaders performed best when the situation was
________.
A) highly favorable
B) highly unfavorable
C) either highly favorable or highly unfavorable
D) moderately favorable or moderately unfavorable
55) A major criticism of Fiedler’s work stated that it failed to recognize that effective leaders
________.
A) are always task oriented
B) can change leadership styles
C) cannot change leadership styles
D) are always relationship oriented
56) In the situational leadership theory (SLT), readiness is defined as ________ to perform a
task.
A) the ability
B) the willingness
C) both the ability and willingness
D) the motivation one has
57) ________ is defined in situational leadership theory (SLT) as a high task, low relationship
leadership role.
A) Telling
B) Selling
C) Participating
D) Delegating
58) A leader who provides maximum supportive behavior and a great deal of explicit instructions
for how to carry out a task is assuming this SLT role.
A) telling
B) selling
C) participating
D) delegating
59) A leader who pretty much leaves employees on their own is assuming this SLT role.
A) telling
B) selling
C) participating
D) delegating
60) Which category of follower is considered to be both unable and unwilling to complete a
task?
A) R1
B) R2
C) R3
D) R4